5 years ago, because of the ocean, human beings built a real world stage, and all countries, big and small, strong and weak, performed their roles on this stage. Five hundred years later, because of the sky, human beings have further expanded the space of this stage. When people can know what's going on in the world without leaving home, the world has become smaller, but the performance of the country is still going on, and each role has taken on a new meaning, and the accompanying music has also played the notes of the new era. China is a rising eastern country, and we hope that she will become the protagonist on the world stage in the near future, leaving her deep mark in the long river of history. Therefore, studying the historical experience of the rise of great powers is of more profound significance to China, which is in the process of modernization.

The rise of a country means the rise to become a modern country, that is, the realization of modernization. The history of nearly 5 years has fully proved this point, especially for a big country. I think that modernization is the highly developed economy, culture and politics, and the sustainable and harmonious development of society, that is, the rise of economy, culture and politics. Of course, to become a modern power, we have to go through a long road. There may be economic crisis, cultural loss and social unrest on the road, but as long as we can learn the historical experience of the rise of a great power and look forward to the future of China with a rational eye, a prosperous, democratic and civilized socialist modern country will proudly rise in the ancient East.

From the geographical discovery and opening up of new navigation channels in western European countries in the late 15th and early 16th centuries, to the rapid development of economic globalization, transportation and communication technology, we are now facing a more interrelated and interdependent world than before. The development of every country is inseparable from the world stage. You have me and I have your development model, which makes national interests and global interests closer and closer, and no country can become an island in the world economic ocean. That is to say, if a country wants to grow and develop, it must conform to and integrate into the world and conform to the development trend of the world. Therefore, while China is influencing the world, it must not deviate from the track of the world. While our policies are in line with the national interests, we must also meet the requirements of the world to the greatest extent. Of course, things have two sides, but the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. We should take this opportunity to learn from developed countries. Throughout history, Peter I of Russia went to Western Europe anonymously to study, and became the famous Peter the Great. Japan once sent an envoy from Iwakura to spend 2% of its fiscal revenue and spent a year and ten months visiting 12 countries in Europe and America, which brought about the rapid development of modern Japan after being surprised, intoxicated and finally crazy. Our big brother, the Soviet Union, has two-thirds of large enterprises built with American technology. In 1932, there were 68 experts working in the heavy industry department of the Soviet Union. With so many foreign exchange reserves in China today, if we buy fewer Airbus, how many advanced technologies can we introduce. Some people may say that we want to introduce technology, and foreign countries will not give it. But look at history, Britain once imposed a strict trade blockade on the United States, but the United States reduced various tariffs through the principle of reciprocity, eliminated foreign differences and offset tariffs, and established a wider range of trade targets. I believe that in today's market economy, as long as countries conduct normal trade, it is not a problem to introduce foreign advanced technology. In short, learning from foreign countries is the best way for later countries to catch up with developed countries, and it is also the beginning of the road to prosperity.

I. Economic Rise

A scholar summed up five points as the blueprint for China's economic development: (1) sustained, stable and balanced economic growth; (2) The factors of production increase with the population growth; (3) The ecological environment improves with the economic growth; (4) Social employment and economic growth; (5) The society is fairer and more harmonious. I think if these five points can be achieved, then China's economy will really rise. There are many ways for economic growth, including the increase of investment in labor factors and capital factors, technological progress, changes in education and growth structure, and so on. But looking at the history, we can verify four unchangeable development theorems, namely, the dividend of peace and stability, openness is a resource, human capital is the key, and deterministic structural growth (these four theorems are not my own creation), which are necessary and sufficient conditions for the rise of a great country.

(1) Peace and stability dividend

Peace and stability can not only provide the country with space for development, but also enhance the confidence of the ruling group and the people in investment and consumption. While speculative demand increases, it can prevent demand from decreasing. Good expectations for the future make the money market and capital market more active, and the economy naturally shows a trend of growth. The "peace in Rome" in history brought unprecedented stability to Rome, technology was widely spread, and business conditions adjusted themselves according to economic laws, all of which contributed to the economic prosperity of the Roman Empire. On the contrary, the war made the country's economic level retrogress, and the first and second world wars brought painful lessons to many countries. Take France as an example. From 1938 to 1943, the value of all agricultural products in France decreased by 4%, and the industrial production index in 1944 was only 4% of that in 1938. Foreign trade shrank seriously. Compared with 1938, imports decreased by three quarters and exports decreased by one fifth in 1943. The total loss was 1.44 trillion francs, equivalent to the total gross national product of France in the three years before the war. Of course, China's development should also follow peace and stability, but I think it is also very dangerous to bury one's head in the economy and take economic development as the unshakable central task under the situation of increasingly turbulent international situation and continuous wars for years. To safeguard national interests and economic achievements, the country must also have a strong military force. Chairman Mao put it well: if people don't attack me, I won't attack; If people attack me, I will attack. China's peaceful development should be like this. Appropriate tolerance is ok, but there must be a bottom line. We strengthen army building for better peaceful development. The old democratic revolution in China told us that industry and education alone can't save the country, but we have to rely on guns. The same is true in today's world. The model we want is a strong rise

II. Cultural rise

Ideology and culture play a very important role in the rise of a great country, which affects the quality and spirit of a nation. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill famously said: I would rather lose an India than a Shakespeare. In the process of becoming a great country, the works of dramatist Shakespeare promoted the British humanistic spirit, the laws of mechanics of scientist Newton opened the door to the British industrial revolution, and the wealth of nations of economist Adam Smith provided a new economic order for Britain. Their names are strikingly written on the road of great countries that Britain has traveled. In the Panthé on, the holy land of French thought and spirit, the main entrance is engraved with the following words: "To the great men, the motherland thanks them." There are 72 French historical figures buried here, of which only 11 are politicians, and the rest are mostly thinkers, writers, artists and scientists. For many years, France * * * and the United States have been making their own voice to the world with its outstanding cultural influence, and this may be the root cause. The American Declaration of Independence advocates that all people are equal, and the creator endows people with some inalienable rights, including the right to life, freedom and the right to pursue happiness, which has laid a solid foundation for the future development of the United States. The power of culture can go through thousands of years and lead a nation to be at the forefront of the world forever. China is a vast country with a civilization of 5, years. Our traditional culture is a treasure of the world, but how many people in China have studied traditional culture in a down-to-earth way? I think that when they have not read The Analects, they will follow the trend and queue up to buy The Analects. It's not real learning to taste the Three Kingdoms before reading the History of the Three Kingdoms. Although the understanding of university professors is very reasonable, it's the understanding of others after all. Isn't it a good thing that different people have different understandings of culture? Of course, in today's globalization, we should learn from western culture, but isn't it a sublimation to look at Laozi's Tao Te Ching after studying Management? A few days ago, I heard a child reciting the Three Character Classics on the bus. I was shocked. As a college student, I can't recite it. Aren't I ashamed? If a group of people are really studying our traditional culture in an impetuous society, I'm afraid they will be the new hope of China. While Japanese suits are popular, kimonos are preserved as the most gorgeous dresses. There are more bars, and tea houses are still people's spiritual quiet places. Western operas have begun to sing, and energetic dramas and kabuki are moving towards and reaching. When oil painting began to shine, Japanese ukiyo-e painting became a major school of painting in the world. Look at our China again, I can't help feeling sorry for it. The Tang suit is only regarded as a fashion trend, but it's a fad. China's few minutes in university sports meeting, disabled sports and even the Olympic Games are always Peking Opera and dances with western colors. Are these the only ones left in China? The cultural changes in China are thought-provoking!

Third, political rise

Many political rises are included in the economic rise and cultural rise. I just want to talk about the legal system construction in China. As early as the 15th National Congress, China's * * * Production Party solemnly proposed: ruling the country according to law and building a socialist country with legal system. What about our legal system construction by 27? It can be said that it is still not perfect. Under the imperfect legal system, there will be many problems such as government corruption and citizens' loss of citizenship. In the process of China's reform, entrepreneurs' value-creating activities are often mixed with government officials' rent-seeking behavior. Because many commercial activities rights that citizens should have in the market economy are monopolized by government departments-for example, government approval is required for starting enterprises and making investments, many individuals and enterprises have to "redeem" their rights through special means, resulting in power and money transactions. In addition, the interests of government officials are often inconsistent with the orientation of real reform, but the government has the right to reform according to its own will, no matter whether this measure is effective or not, so there are many policies and measures that are not worthy of the name in China.

The rise of a big country should be in many aspects, whether it is material or spiritual, soft or hard power, national strength or system. As long as the people living here enjoy the rights they deserve, it is enough for them to live a happy life. Although China has encountered many setbacks in the process of development, there are too many things to sum up, but setbacks mean a new departure for a great nation. We have reason to believe that our motherland can cope with everything, China will certainly play its own notes on the world stage, and the world will be more harmonious because of the rise of China!

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