As the hub of maritime traffic in East Asia, the Strait is the only way to connect the east and west sides of the Korean Peninsula. Historically, it was the throat of the Russian fleet going south to the Pacific Ocean and the place where Japan, North Korea and Russia fought. /kloc-during the Korean patriotic war at the end of June, Japanese invaders landed in Busan twice via Tsushima Island at 1592 and 1597. 1598, the joint fleet of North Korea and China engaged in an exposed naval battle with the Japanese fleet, and the Japanese navy was almost wiped out. On June 1905, the Japanese-Russian fleet launched a naval battle against Malaysia, and the Russian fleet was completely annihilated. Since the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War, with a series of land and sea failures, the Russian Pacific Fleet was severely damaged by the Japanese joint fleet under the command of Admiral Tougou Heihachirou, and was blocked in Lushun Port. The czar government finally realized the seriousness of the situation and decided to send a fleet from the sea to save the crisis in Lushunkou.
The number of ships in the entire Russian naval fleet was originally three times that of the Japanese navy, but it was divided into Baltic Fleet, Black Sea Fleet and Pacific Fleet. The Black Sea Fleet could not be deployed because it had to fight the Turks and because it could not pass through the Daniil Strait due to treaty restrictions. Russia had to send Rozhestvensky vice admiral to lead the second and third Pacific fleets pieced together by the Baltic Fleet, bypassing more than half of the earth, passing through the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, with a journey of 18000 nautical miles to the Far East.
Although the Russian fleet has considerable strength on the surface, it is difficult for the old and new warships in the fleet to coordinate their actions; The officers and men of new warships are still not skilled; The quality of officers and men is low and morale is generally low. In addition, due to the eight-month voyage, the combat capability of the entire fleet has dropped sharply due to journey fatigue.
The original order of the fleet was to rush to Lushun Port and lift the Japanese blockade. But when they arrived in Madagascar, they got the news that Lushun had fallen and had to move to Vladivostok, Russia.
While the Russian fleet was sailing for the Far East, the Japanese joint fleet launched strict training under the strict supervision of Admiral Tougou Heihachirou. The Japanese fleet frequently conducted live-fire shooting training, which almost destroyed half of the domestic artillery reserves. Dongxiang even put forward the famous saying that "a hundred guns are not as good as one gun, and a hundred guns are not as good as one gun". Earlier and earlier, the Japanese joint fleet has been fully prepared to face the upcoming Russian Second Pacific Fleet. Ma Haixia naval battle is one of the few decisive naval battles in the history of naval warfare. Japan won an overwhelming victory at the cost of losing three torpedo boats. The Russian fleet was almost wiped out. Oleg, the flagship cruiser detachment, led the destroyers Avril, Pearl and 1 to leave the fleet, crossed Ma Haixia southward, and finally reached the Philippines, which was 1500 nautical miles away (detained and returned to Russia after the war). Only 1 cruisers and two destroyers fled to Vladivostok.
The result of Ma Haixia naval battle fully proved alfred mahan's theory of sea power. Once again, it proves the irreplaceable hegemony of battleships in naval battles. It laid the basic operational form (T-tactics) of modern naval warfare. It also profoundly influenced the development of naval technology, gave birth to the battleship fearless class and combat cruiser, and pushed the "big ship and huge gun" doctrine to the peak.
Its influence on the Ma naval battle is not limited to the military, but directly affects the fate of Russia and Japan. The Russian navy, once the third in the world, became a third-rate navy, and the failure of naval battle shook the rule of the Russian tsar. Through this war, Japan paved the way for the conclusion of the Portsmouth Peace Treaty three months later, and has since stepped into the ranks of the world's naval powers and become the leading country in the Far East.