Enter the garden in the morning, plant vegetables and fruits, weed, water flowers and plant medicines. Go back to the clean room, close your eyes and calm down. Read some pleasant books from time to time to make you look happy; Sometimes sing good poems to express feelings smoothly. Copy ancient copybooks, play guqin, and stop when you are tired. At the gathering of friends and confidants, the conversation does not involve current affairs and power, neither praise nor disparage, nor argue about right and wrong. Sometimes we meet for a leisurely trip. We don't pay attention to clothes, and we don't work hard because of observing etiquette. Drink less but don't get drunk. Happy is enough. If you can really do this, you can also have fun from it.
2. The classical story of China who knows how to keep in good health tells us what kind of way to keep in good health. After listening to the story of "On Knowing People", Liang understood the way of keeping in good health, that is, everything should conform to nature, not be forced to touch hard, but also be cautious and restrained, so as to preserve life, nature, spirit and enjoy life.
Analyze the general idea of a paragraph
This article consists of five paragraphs, each of which is as follows:
The first paragraph: Explain that the way to keep in good health is to conform to nature.
The second paragraph: describe the superb skills of skilled workers to solve cattle.
The third paragraph: I admire my superb skills in understanding cows.
The fourth paragraph: My own opinion on cattle.
The fifth paragraph: summarize the full text in English and point out the theme of the article.
content analysis
The full text consists of five paragraphs, which can be summarized into two parts.
The first part:
The first part, the first paragraph, is the general outline of the full text of the master of health preservation, indicating that the way of health preservation is to conform to nature. The main points are as follows:
(1) The author compares limited life with infinite knowledge and points out that if we pursue infinity with limited life.
Knowledge can make people tired and easily endanger their lives.
(2) In order to avoid harm to the body, people should forget all the concepts of good and evil, and don't pursue good reputation for good.
Don't be punished for evil.
(3) In order to forget good and evil and avoid physical and mental harm, everything should follow the natural golden mean as a normal law, which can be guaranteed.
Live your life, preserve your nature, preserve your spirit and enjoy your life.
The second part:
The second part includes the second to fifth paragraphs, and the author explains the way of keeping in good health by telling a fable of a skilled cow. The main points of this part are as follows:
(1) Understand the skills of cattle proficiency:
A) When trying to untie a cow, press it with your hands, lean against it with your shoulders, step on it with your feet, and lean against it with your knees.
Cattle, the movements of hands, shoulders, feet and knees are skillfully coordinated, which conforms to the rhythm and melody of mulberry dance.
B) The sounds made by my skilled workers when they handle cows with knives are all in tune with the rhythm of the first movement.
(2) the admiration of the text:
Wen Huijun was surprised by my master's skillful movements, beauty and rhythm.
To put it bluntly, it is "how can technology reach such a state?" 」
(3) The appreciation of literature leads to my understanding of cattle:
My master first pointed out his general principle of understanding cows: "Those who are good at me, good at Tao and good at skills." . What he pursues is Tao, but the truth and philosophy contained in things have surpassed ordinary technology.
I know the experience of cattle myself:
(A) understand the three stages of cattle:
(1) Early stage: At the early stage of my understanding of cattle, I regarded the whole cow as a whole because I didn't understand the natural structure of cattle and couldn't see the gap between muscles and joints.
(2) Three years later, because I have more experience in understanding cattle and am very familiar with the structure of cattle, what I see when I understand cattle is no longer the whole cow, but only the gap between the muscles and joints of cattle.
(c) Now, when he understands cows, he only touches them with his heart, not with his eyes. This is because he follows the natural structure of the cow's body and transports the knife in the joint gap between the muscle and the bone, without touching the place where the muscle knots.
(2) I skillfully use "clan" and "goodness" to set off my superb skills;
(a) "Tribe" changes a knife every month, because he uses it to cut bones hard.
(2) A "good friend" changes a knife every year because he uses it to cut off muscles.
(c) My knife has been used for 19 years and has solved thousands of cows, but the blade still looks like it has just been ground from the grindstone. Because there are gaps in the joints of cattle, and the blade is not thick, it is natural to go deep into the joints with gaps with the blade without thickness, which is very wide and has a lot of room for operation. So although his knife has been used for 19 years, it is still as sharp as new.
(4) What I got from the experience of understanding cows:
(1) Be cautious: Although I have excellent understanding skills of cows, he will never take it lightly when he meets the place where bones and muscles are intertwined. He will be vigilant, concentrate, slow down and kill people carefully. Just like when people encounter difficulties, they should be careful to avoid making mistakes.
(2) men should hide themselves: the cow is decomposed and naturally satisfied, so they clean the knife and put it away. Just like after solving difficulties, people should restrain their sharpness to avoid jealousy.
(4) After listening to my words, I realized the way of keeping in good health and pointed out the theme of the article.
Learn about cows by being skilled and knowing how to stay healthy;
Vehicle body
The intricate cattle society
The muscles and joints of cattle are complex things in the world.
The life of a swordsman
The nature of Oscar Pistorius.
Understand the process of cattle, the course of life.
Solution to cattle and health care methods
Cow-solving method and health-keeping method
I first understand the natural structure of cattle, follow the natural texture of cattle, and cut through the cracks of muscle joints, so the knife is durable. In a complex society, people must first understand the truth of things, let nature take its course, cleverly avoid all kinds of obstacles, and not touch them hard, in order to enjoy a natural life.
3. Knowing how to treat cows tells us what kind of health care.
(1) We should be careful in everything, keep a cautious attitude, keep sharp edges, practice over and over again while knowing how to apply the law, just like an expert who knows thousands of cows, and keep repeating it, and finally we will understand the truth.
(2) Human society is full of complex contradictions. People living in the world, only by avoiding contradictions and conforming to nature, can they preserve their health and nourish their hearts and spend the rest of their lives safely.
The original text of My Skilled Master Helps Cattle
Pre-Qin Dynasty: Zhuang Zhou
My life is limited, but so is my knowledge. With restrictions, there is no restriction, and it is almost there! It's almost enough for people who already know! Good has no near name, and evil has no near punishment. The Governor thinks that classics can preserve our health, nurture our life, support our loved ones and last for several years.
My skilled hands, my shoulders, my feet, my knees and my knife are all in harmony. The dance combined with mulberry forest is a chance for quiet life.
Wen said, "Hey, good! So much for technical coverage? "
My master let go of his knife and said to him, "I am a good minister and I am proficient in technology." When the first minister solved the cow, he saw nothing but the cow. I haven't seen all the cows for three years. At this time, I saw God instead of looking at him. Zhi Zhi was an official and wanted to do something. According to heaven, we should criticize and guide the big ones, because the technology and experience are certainly not bad, but the situation is excellent! A good man is a better cutter; There are many knives and many folds in the family month. Today, I have killed thousands of cows with my sword for nineteen years, but if the blade is new. There is a gap between people for a while, but the blade is not thick; Without thickness, there will be room for recovery, so 19 years, the blade is still new. Although, as for the competition, I think it is difficult, it is a warning that it is too late to act now. The knife is very small, and what should be solved has been solved, such as land. Stand with a knife, look around, aim high, and hide it with a knife. "
Wen said, "Good! I listened to my master and I have to stay healthy. "
translate
My life is limited, but my knowledge is infinite. It is really dangerous to pursue infinite knowledge with limited life! There is danger, but also the persistent pursuit of knowledge, then there is nothing but danger. You don't need fame to do good, and you don't need punishment to do bad. With the aim of following the nihility of nature, you can protect your life, preserve your nature, save the opportunity of new life and enjoy all your years.
My master is Liang Zainiu. Hands touching the ground, shoulders leaning on the ground, feet treading on the ground, knees touching the ground, there is no rhythm when entering the knife: it conforms to the rhythm of Sanglin (in Tang) dance music and Jing Shou (in Yao) music.
Liang said, "Hey, good! How can technology (you know cows) be so superb? "
My mechanic put down his knife and replied, "I am pursuing Tao (a function word with no specific meaning, which can be translated into the laws of nature), which has surpassed the general technology." At first, when I slaughtered the cow, I saw a complete cow in my eyes; Three years later, I have never seen a complete cow (meaning: I only saw a little cow, that is, I only saw how to solve it). Now, I am in contact with cows by spirit, not by eyes. My senses stopped, but my spirit was moving. According to the natural physiological structure of cattle, cut into the gap between the bones and muscles of cattle and eat along the gap between joints. According to the original structure of the cow, the place where the tendons are connected and the bones are combined, the knife has never touched it, let alone the big bone! Skilled chefs change a knife every year and cut it with a knife (just like we cut a rope with a knife); Skilled chefs have to change a knife every month, and the knife is broken by cutting bones (because they don't know how to cut, cutting bones is easy to break). Now, my knife has been used for 19 years, killing thousands of cows, but the blade is as sharp as if it had just been sharpened on a grindstone. Cows have cracks in their joints and thin blades; If you insert a thin blade into a cracked bone joint, there must be room for the blade to operate! Therefore, for 19 years, the blade was only ground from the grindstone. Even so, whenever I meet a place where bones and muscles are intertwined, I see that it is difficult to cut, so I carefully raise my vigilance, focus on one point, slow down, move my knife very lightly, and with a sigh, the bones and meat of the cow are suddenly untied, just like mud scattered on the ground. I stood up with a knife in my hand and looked around. I am carefree and satisfied, then I clean it and collect it. "
Liang said, "Good! After listening to my words, I understand the truth of health. "
4. Urgently ask for "My Clever Cow" to arrange my clever cow in classical Chinese [Warring States Period] This fable is selected from "Zhuangzi's Inner Chapter Health Master". Explain that things in the world are complicated. As long as you master its objective laws through repeated practice, you can be handy, use it freely and solve it easily. The article narrates and discusses alternately. After success, the ambition, lofty sentiments, lifelike and fascinating. The language is vivid and vivid, and idioms such as "leapfrog the whole cow", "handy" and "full of ambition" all come from this article. My master's Understanding of Cattle was originally written by Wen's Understanding of Cattle (1), which I touched by hand. So far (8)? "My master let go of his knife and said," The minister who is good at it knows how to do things. He is good at skills (9). When I first learned about cows, I saw nothing but cows. Three years later, I have never seen the whole cow again. At this time, I saw God instead of looking at it. I was eager to work with Zhi Zhi (10). According to Heaven (65438), Guo Liang changed his knife to chop (17); Clans change knives (18) and fold (19). Today, the minister's knife has been used for 19 years and solved thousands of cows. If the blade is newly developed (20), there is a gap (2 1), but the blade is not thick; This is 19 years, if the blade is newly developed, though, whenever clan (23) is involved, I see it is difficult, so I will take it as a warning (24) and I will act late until I see it. I do very little with a knife, but I have solved (25) how to keep fit (28). There is a chef named Ding in Zhuangzi Ji Jie, who specializes in slaughtering cattle. Where his hand touched, where his shoulder rested, where his foot stepped, and where his knee stood, there was a sound of skin and bone separation, and the sound was even louder when he stabbed. These sounds are not out of tune. It's actually the same. All right! How can your technology be so clever? "My master put down his knife and replied," What my lieutenants are exploring is the law of things, which has gone beyond the pursuit of cattle slaughter technology. When I first slaughtered the cow (I don't know the body structure of the cow), I only saw the whole cow. After three years, I will never see the whole cow again. Now when I kill the cow, I just touch it with my spirit. " It's like the sensory organs stop moving and move completely according to the spiritual will. Along the grain structure of cattle, splitting the big gap between bones and muscles and making knives along the holes between joints are all along the original structure of cattle. The knife for slaughtering cattle has never touched the place where the meridians are connected, nor has it touched the place where the muscles attached to the bones agglomerate, let alone the big bones of the thighs. Skilled chefs change a knife every year because they use it to cut meat. Ordinary chefs change a knife every month because it is used to cut bones. Now this knife has been used for 19 years, killing thousands of cows, but the blade looks like it has just been ground from the grindstone. There are cracks in the joints of cattle, but the blade is not thick. If you stab a joint with such a thin blade, you must be generous when running the blade. So after using 19 years, the blade still looks like it has just been ground off the grindstone. Nevertheless, whenever I meet a place where bones and muscles are intertwined, I feel scared, cautious, focused and slow when I see it. The knife moved gently, and the flesh and blood separated, like a pile of mud scattered on the ground. I stood there with a knife and looked around proudly, looking carefree and satisfied. After listening to the teacher, I learned the way of keeping in good health. (Feng Hairong) My master Niu Zhuangzhou (1) Dong (páo robe) Ding: a famous chef. Ancient books in the pre-Qin period often put people's names before occupations. Text: Liang, also known as. Jieniu Describe the sound of separation of skin and bone. It sounds like a cloud in the classic interpretation, or there is no word "ran" at all. Today, there is no word "ran", but it is. (4) Yan (Hu unclear) Ran is an onomatopoeic word that describes the sound close to the knife to solve the cow. (5) Sanglin: the legendary king of Shang Tang. That is, "he". (9) Gold: Transcendence. (10) official knowledge: here refers to the field of vision. Desire: refers to mental activity. (1 1) Tian Li: refers to the natural texture of cattle. (12) Batch: strike and split. Shun (kǔan):) answered the cavity. (14) Cause: Yi. Of course: it refers to the original structure of the cow body. (15) Technical Meridian: Or Meridian. According to the textual research of Yu Yue in Qing Dynasty, it is considered that it is a mistake of the word "branch", which refers to the branch vein. That is, the preposition object, who is "inexperienced and willing to do it". (16) Yi (gū Gu): the big bone of the thigh. (17) Cutting: This refers to raw cutting and hard cutting. (18) Family: numerous, which means ordinary. (19) Fold: break the bone with a knife. (20) hair: out. (xǐng punishment): Sharpen the stone. (2 1) Section: joint: notch. (22) Exquisite: generous in appearance.
The way to keep in good health is spring and March, which is the beginning. Heaven and earth are born, everything is glorious, lying at night and getting up early, striding towards the court and walking slowly, thus making life, living without killing, giving without taking, rewarding without punishment, which is the response of spring and the way to keep fit; Otherwise, the liver will be damaged, it will get cold in summer, and there will be few elders.
Xia San month, this is a sweet performance. Heaven and earth are in harmony, all things are flashy, they lie down at night and get up early, they are insatiable for the sun, they are not angry, and Huaying shows off their desires. If you love the outside, this summer should be the way to grow up. On the contrary, it is sad, autumn is malaria, few people get it, and winter solstice is very sick.
Autumn and March, this is called tolerance. The weather is urgent, the atmosphere is clear, you lie down early and get up early, having fun with chickens, so that you can be calm, slow down the autumn punishment, converge, calm the autumn air and clear your lungs. This autumn atmosphere should be the way to raise and harvest; On the contrary, it will hurt the lungs, have diarrhea in winter, and few people serve Tibet.
In winter and March, this is a closed Tibet. Water and ice lie on the ground, don't disturb the sun, lie early and get up late, and wait for the sun, so if you have selfishness, if you have it, it will be warm when you drive away the cold, and it will not leak skin, which will make you angry. This winter air should be the way to raise Tibet; In turn, it hurts the kidney, and it is flaccid and soft in spring, and there are fewer people born. When the weather is clear, bright people will hide their virtues, so they will not go downhill. At dawn, the sun and the moon are unknown, and evil harms emptiness. The yang is blocked, the rustic atmosphere is exposed, the cloud is not refined, and dew should not fall to the ground. Traffic is invisible, everything dies, if you don't give it, more trees die. No evil, no wind and rain, no dew, no glory. Thief wind comes, rainstorm comes, heaven and earth do not protect the four seasons, and the Tao is out of harmony and will not die. Only saints follow, so there is no strange disease in the body, nothing loses, and life is endless. Against the qi of spring, yang is not born, and liver qi changes internally. Contrary to summer, the sun is not long and the heart is hollow. Contrary to autumn qi, yin qi is too heavy to be collected, and lung qi is full. In winter, there is less yin, and kidney qi sinks alone. The man of yin and yang in the four seasons is the foundation of all things. Therefore, saints nourish yang in spring and summer and yin in autumn and winter to take their roots; Therefore, on the door of growth, everything has ups and downs. If you violate its roots, you cut off its roots, which is really bad. Therefore, at the four seasons of Yin and Yang, everything is at the end; The basis of life and death; If you go against it, it will be a disaster, and if you go against it, you can't afford it. This is the Tao. Tao, sage and fool admire it. Born in yin and yang, died in opposition; Rule from it, chaos from it. Go against the tide and call it an internal case. Therefore, saints do not cure diseases, but do not cure diseases; It is also said that there is chaos and there is chaos. My husband's illness has become medicine, and it's not too late to treat it after it's messed up. For example, crossing a well, trying to throw a cone, or thirsty. Nourish yin in autumn and winter. It is one of the principles of traditional Chinese medicine to keep fit according to the time. It is said that in autumn and winter, everything gathers, so health-preserving people should raise it in time and protect it, so as to condense the essence and nourish the five internal organs. Any loss should be avoided.
According to the principle of nourishing yin in autumn and winter of TCM theory, we should eat more nourishing yin and moistening dryness, and protein's rich diet to prevent autumn dryness from damaging yin, and supplement easily consumed energy and nutrients.
6. How did Zhuangzi, Laozi and Confucius preserve their health? Laozi was a thinker and philosopher in the Spring and Autumn Period, not only the founder of Taoist school, but also a health practitioner. It is said that he lived 160 years old. "Historical Records" said: "Lao Zi Gai is over 60 years old, or over 200 years old, and he practices Buddhism for a living."
Laozi
Laozi believes that nature is the source of human life. In order to maintain life activities, people must conform to nature and adapt to the laws of natural changes. Laozi also requires that health care should be done first: less selfishness and greed, and a contented mind. It is believed that the pursuit of wealth and lust is the root of disaster and the root of injury and loss of life. Laozi mentioned quietness and softness in many places in the book Tao Te Ching, and thought that softness is the vitality of the human body, just like a baby is full of vitality and vitality. Therefore, when we are often in a state of quietness and softness, it is conducive to the generation of human qi. Laozi's idea of keeping in good health, which is natural, indifferent, calm and peaceful, has gradually developed into a unique way of keeping in good health in traditional Chinese medicine through the continuous supplement and improvement of doctors and health experts.
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi, the representative of Taoism after Laozi, is also a famous family for keeping in good health. In the pre-Qin era, when the average life expectancy was only over 30 years old, Zhuangzi actually lived to 83 years old, which was a miracle of longevity at that time. Zhuang Ziyun: "People's health should also be like this. Swimming in an empty environment follows the principles of nature." The "empty environment" here is not to send feelings to nothingness, but to keep healthy and win a long life, we must remain pure and follow the laws of nature. The so-called "abstinence" means that the main factor that determines longevity lies in people's thoughts and feelings, so Zhuangzi attaches great importance to peace of mind, calmness and broadmindedness in life. From what Zhuangzi said above, we can easily see that if people want to live a long and healthy life, they must first be carefree and comfortable.
In addition, Zhuangzi also stressed the need to maintain normality and self-control. Sino-Japanese Zhuangzi Yu Rang: "You can't win by yourself, but you can't be strong, and you are seriously injured." It means that if you can't control your negative emotions, but stubbornly disobey your feelings, wrong ideas will offset your conscience and increase your inner troubles, which is the most likely way to cause self-harm and death. In addition, Zhuangzi also developed Laozi's "less selfish desires" into "no desires". And clearly pointed out that only by completely "forgetting me" can we realize the real "no desire"; Only in "quietism" can we get the real way of keeping in good health and make full use of our daily life. Zhuangzi also believes that keeping in good health is like knowing how to solve a cow. If we find out the rules, we can be comfortable and not injured, and we can achieve the purpose of keeping in good health, improving life and prolonging life.
Confucius
Confucius, the founder of Confucian School in the late Spring and Autumn Period, lived 73 years, although his life was bumpy and his political ideal could not be realized at that time. The main reason for his longevity is to pay attention to the way of keeping in good health. In his later years, Confucius was very particular about diet and had the habit of not eating. From the point of view of medical care and food hygiene, most of them are correct. These eight don't eat: don't eat discolored food, don't eat stale food, don't eat stale fish and meat, don't eat new vegetables from time to time, don't eat improperly cooked food, don't eat improperly seasoned food, and don't eat wine and cooked meat bought from the market.
In addition, Confucius has a famous saying: "You can't eat too much, and you can't eat too much." Here "food" refers to grain, and "meat" refers to chopped meat. This means that you should eat more flour and rice, and the finer the meat, the better. Confucius believes that only beauty is beautiful can we live a long life. This sentence still has some truth for the elderly. The elderly have bad teeth and the digestive function of the stomach is greatly weakened. For example, if the food is too thick and the meat is not finely cut, if it is not cooked, it will not bite, which will easily cause indigestion. Confucius adhered to the above dietary principles in his later years and ensured the intake of nutrients, which is undoubtedly one of the main reasons for his healthy and long life ~