Picturesque photography is an art school that flourished in the field of photography at the beginning of the twentieth century. It originated in England in the mid-19th century.

Photographers of this school pursue the effect of painting or the realm of "poetic" in their creation. It has gone through three stages: imitation stage; An elegant stage; Art stage. The painter put forward "Raphael of photography, Titian of photography."

impressionist photography

1889, the first French impressionist painting exhibition was held in England. Under the influence of the painter Robinson, he put forward the aesthetic standard that "soft tone photography is more beautiful than sharp tone photography" and advocated "soft tone" photography. This school is the reflection of painting impressionism in the field of photography.

Realistic photography

Realistic photography is a school of photography with a long history, which continues to this day and is still the basis and main school of photography. It is the reflection of realistic creation method in the field of photography art. Photographers of this genre insist on the documentary characteristics of photography in their creation. In their view, photography should have the loyalty of "equality with nature itself". Only when every detail in the picture has "mathematical accuracy" can the work exert its appeal and persuasiveness that other art media do not have. A. Stiglitz once said: "Only discussing loyalty is our mission." On the other hand, they reflect objects coldly and objectively like objective mirrors, and advocate that creation should be selective, and artists should have their own aesthetic judgment on what they reflect. The famous realistic photographer Lewis Haine once said such a famous saying: "I want to expose those things that should be corrected;" At the same time, we should also reflect on what should be praised. " It can be seen that they advocate that art should "reflect life". They dare to face up to reality, and most of their creative themes are taken from social life. The artistic style is unpretentious, but it has strong witness and prompt power.

Naturalism photography

1889, Peter Henry Emerson, a photographer, published a paper entitled "Naturalistic Photography" in view of the weakness of painting creation, criticizing painting photography as fragmented photography and advocating photographers to return to nature and seek creative inspiration. He believes that nature is the starting point and end point of art, and only the art that is closest to and most like nature is the highest art. He said that no art reflects nature more accurately, meticulously and faithfully than photography. "Emotionally and psychologically, the effect of photography hobby lies in the unadorned lens scenes recorded by photosensitive materials." Another master of this school, A·L· Pacho, put it more clearly: "Art should be left to artists. As far as our photography is concerned, there is nothing to rely on art, and we must engage in independent creation. "

Chunchunpai photography

Pure photography is a genre of photographic art, which matured in the early 20th century. Its founder is American photographer Stie Grize (1864- 1946). They advocate that photography should give full play to its own characteristics and expression, get rid of the influence of painting, and pursue the unique aesthetic effect of photography with pure photography technology-high definition, rich tone levels, subtle changes in light and shadow, pure black and white tones, meticulous texture expression and accurate image depiction. In a word, the photographers of this school deliberately pursue the so-called "photographic quality": accurately, directly, subtly and naturally express the light, color, line, shape, grain and quality of the subject, without any other modeling art media. 19 13 The new york exhibited in the training class is a masterpiece of pure schools. The photographer overlooks a square in new york from a height. Although there is no processing and decoration, the novel composition and unique shape are refreshing. Another example is frank K Sandberg of E. He used the method of multiple exposures to avoid the limitation of space and time in a single work, and depicted the poet's emotional transformation, the combination of colors and the change of composition in one picture, which was very rhythmic. From a certain point of view, some thoughts and creations of purists are "hybrids" of formalism and naturalism, and later evolved into "new objectivism". However, this genre has promoted people's exploration and research on the characteristics and performance skills of photography to a certain extent. The famous photographer of this genre is strand (1890-? ) and young photographers in the group f 6.2 photography institutions, such as Ardanz and Gen Linghan. In the late period of Pure School, the works developed to the abstraction of lines, patterns and distorted images, and its influential photographers were Yabo, Steiner, Steven and Evans.

New materialism photography

Neo-objectivism photography is also called "dominant photography" and "new realistic photography". It is a school of photography art that appeared in the 1920s.

Surrealism photography

Surrealism photography is a school that appeared in the field of photography art during the decline of Dadaism, and it rose in the 1930s.

Abstract photography

Abstract photography is a school of photography art that appeared after the First World War.

Photography as a pie

Kanpai photography is the main photography school that opposed painting photography after the First World War.

This school of photographers advocates respecting the characteristics of photography, emphasizing truth and nature, advocating that the subject should not be manipulated or interfered when shooting, and that the instantaneous modality of the subject should be grasped in the natural state. Henri cartier bresson, a famous French photographer, said: "For me, photography is to record the meaning of an event and accurately express its precise organizational form in an instant." Therefore, the artistic characteristics of this school are objective, true, natural, cordial, casual, unpretentious, vivid and full of life.

"Dadaism" photography

Dadaism is a literary trend of thought that appeared in Europe during World War I. "Dada" was originally an incoherent vocabulary of "pony" or "toy horse" in French children's language. Dadaism artists deny rationality and traditional culture in their creation, claim that art is divorced from aesthetics, advocate "abandoning painting and all aesthetic requirements" and advocate nothingness, which makes their creation almost playful, so people call this art school "Dadaism".

Subjectivism photography

Subjective photography is a school of photography art formed after the Second World War, which is more "abstract" than abstract photography, so it is also called "postwar school". It is the reflection of existentialism philosophy in the field of photography. Its founder is German photographer Ott Steiner. He believes that "photography is a vast field that has the ability to play its own role, and it also has a high degree of subjective initiative. But now it has become a kind of mechanical realism. " So he put forward the artistic idea of "subjectivization of photography art", and strongly advocated that the ultimate of photography art should be to remind photographers of their vague ideas and express their unspeakable inner state and subconscious activities. "Subjective photography is personalized and personalized photography. This is the art program of this school. Subjective photography artists attach great importance to their creative personality and despise all existing artistic rules and aesthetic standards. The theorists of this school openly stated that "subjective photography is not only an experimental image art, but also a free and unrestricted creative art" and "we can create photos at will by using technology. "