1. Compassion () 2. Territory () people 3. Widowed () for help
4. worry () 5. Mu () 6。 Fu (poem)
2. In the following sentences, the one with the same meaning is ()
A. The pond is not deep, but also a garden pond, carefree.
B. If you don't have the determination, you can make more soldiers sweat.
C. however, people who don't win don't take wood seriously.
D. attack the ridge where relatives live.
E. those who do what they do will not be able to go home.
Mark the place where you should pause when reading the following sentences with "/"
1. If you attack in a roundabout way, you will have the right time, the right place and the right people.
2. Therefore, the heaven will descend to a great position, and so will people.
4. Write two idioms with horizontal lines in the following sentences.
1. Give it more help.
People who lose their way are helpless.
5. The people in the territory don't take the border, the country doesn't take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the world doesn't take the benefits of war.
Translation:
6. So, being patient has benefited from what it can't do.
Translation:
7. What does Mencius think is the decisive factor of war? What is the decisive factor? What kind of political thoughts can be reflected from it?
8. Therefore, people must first suffer from their aspirations, work hard and starve their bodies. The body is empty and the action is chaotic, so be patient and benefit from incompetence. People are unchangeable, and then they can change; Trapped in the heart, balanced in consideration, and then made; Color label, sound hair, and then metaphor. A country, if there are no ministers and wise men who can assist the king, will often be in danger of the collapse of its neighboring countries and the misfortunes from abroad. In this way, you will know that sorrow is enough to make people live and pleasure is enough to make people die.
1. Underlined words in explanatory paragraphs.
(1) Therefore,
(2) Yes
2. Translate the sentence "Then knowledge is born of worry and dies of happiness".
This article mainly discusses that all the talents who can take on great responsibilities in the world must go through some tempering. Only in this way can we achieve the effect or achievement of "Yico Zeng can't do it". Please stick to this statement and give an appropriate example as an argument at will. Examples must include names, experiences and achievements. )
9. Read the following and answer the questions.
Therefore, the people in the territory do not take the government boundary, the country does not take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the world does not take advantage of war. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less. Relatives will be there when there is no help. Help more, and the world will be at peace. Take advantage of the world and attack your relatives. A gentleman wins without fighting.
1. The writer of this article was a famous thinker and educator at that time.
2. In the following sentences, the one without the interchangeable word is ().
A. Honesty and harmony make everything flourish. B. Being helpless, relatives will help.
C. it is easy to celebrate in cold and summer, but it is reversed at first. D. Wild incense is fragrant and fragrant
3. In the following sentences, the two words with the same meaning are ().
A as the saying goes, the people of the territory do not know the new by looking back on the old.
C. Huan Hou makes people ask D. Therefore, a gentleman wins without fighting.
4. The ancient meaning of "relative" in the text means now.
The central sentence of this passage is.
6. Why is it important to "get information"? Please give an example to prove that "those who gain the Tao help more, and those who lose the Tao help less."
10. Read the following and answer the questions.
Mencius called Qi Xuanwang and said, "Wang Zhichen had a friend who entrusted his wife to his friend. If he is more embarrassed than he is, what about his wife? " The king said, "Abandon it." Say, "Judge ② can't cure Judge ③, so what?" The king said, "It's done." He said, "What if we don't cure it within four borders?" Wang Gu talked about him.
Attention (1) Hunger: Hunger. Judge: Judge. 3 Scholar: Handling a case.
1. According to the passage, judge that this article comes from; Mencius advocated "benevolent government", and the two sentences we learned concentrated on his thoughts.
2. Explain the underlined words in the following sentences.
(1) is the opposite ()
② Then freeze his wife ()
3. Translate underlined sentences in the text.
4. What is the reason why "Wang Gu said he"?
1 1. Read the following and answer the questions.
Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people. The city of three miles, the country of seven miles, was invincible when attacked by the Lord of the Rings. If the husband attacks it, he will get the right time; However, the winner is not. Not as good as the right place at the right time. The city is not high, the pond is not deep, the army is not strong, and there are not many meters; Entrusting it to others is not as good as human harmony. Therefore,. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less. When there is little help, relatives will be there; Help more, and the world will be at peace. Take advantage of the world and attack their relatives; Therefore, if a gentleman does not fight, he will win.
1. Explain the meaning of underlined words in the following sentences.
This pool is neither deep nor deep ()
(2) Leave it ()
(3) Adapt to the needs of the world ()
2. The following groups of words with the same meaning are (/).
A. Those who don't use their cruel and inhuman tactics will help more.
B. Go to the countryside, stay in my hometown for two days and then leave.
C. It is better to be at a loss than to be meticulous.
D. jump down to help relatives where they attack them on the ridge of fallow land.
3. Fill in the blanks according to the original text.
4. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.
(1) ring attack.
(2) However, the winner is that the weather is not as good as the geographical location.
(3) take advantage of the world and attack the closest relatives.
(4) Therefore, a gentleman can defeat the enemy without fighting.
5. What example does the article choose to demonstrate that "the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as people's harmony"?
6. What is the main point of this article? Why is this view the concrete embodiment of Mencius' thought of "benevolent government"?
12. Read the following and answer the questions.
Emperor Taizong had a fine horse that he loved very much. He was fed in the palace and died suddenly. When Emperor Taizong was angry and raised a horse, the palace officials would kill him. The queen protested, "In the past, Qi Jinggong used horses to kill people. Please count the sins of Yan Zi:' It is guilty to raise a horse and die; If the public kills people with horses, the people will blame my king for two crimes; When the princes hear about it, they will despise our country and punish the three crimes together. "Work is the release of sin; Did your majesty forget the evil after reading this? " Emperor Taizong means to solve. Fang Lingxuan also said: "It is very beneficial for the queen to inspire the world with ordinary things."
(selected from Zhenguan politicians)
1. What is the main content of this article?
2. In The Queen's Suggestion, it is said that Yan Zi elaborated on the crimes of horse breeders. What is Yan Zi's real intention?
3. Some sentences have no punctuation. Please mark the position where punctuation is needed with a "/"line.
Emperor Taizong had a fine horse that he loved very much. He was fed in the palace and died suddenly. When Emperor Taizong was angry and raised a horse, the palace officials would kill him.
13. Read the following and answer the questions.
[Answer] Yan Zizhi, the king of Chu, gave Yanzi wine, which was filled with wine. Two officials tied a man to the king of Chu. The king said, "Who is bound?" He said, "Qi people are also thieves." The King of Qi looked at Yan Zi and said, "Are Qi people good at stealing?" Yan Zi avoided the table and said, "Babies smell it, but oranges are born in Huainan and oranges are born in Huaibei. Leaves are similar to disciples, but they taste different. What's that? Soil and water are different. Now people's livelihood is better than Qi's, but they stole it when they went to Chu. If he has soil and water without Chu, then the people are good and thieves. " Wang Xiaohui: "The sage is not interested in happiness, but I am in cure a disease."
When Gong Jing (1) arrived, it rained and snowed for three days, but not two. The male quilt is three foxes with white hair, sitting by the hall. Yan Yu joined the club and established a room. Gong said, "How strange! It's not cold after three days of rain and snow. " Yan Zi said to him, "Isn't it cold?" Laugh. Yan Zi said: "Babies know ancient sages, people are hungry when they are full, people are cold when they are warm, and people are tired when they are idle. I don't know this gentleman. " Gong said, "Good. I have heard of life. " Is to let the hungry and cold autumn millet. Confucius listened: "Yan Zi can understand what he wants, and Gong Jing can do what he likes."
Note 1 Gong Jing: the monarch of Qi. ② Ⅷ (Ⅷ): Clear up. 3 quilt: the same as "wearing". ④ Location: the steps of the palace.
1. When reading the following sentences, mark two pauses with "/".
Its real taste is different.
2. Explain the underlined words.
(1) Two officials tied a man to the king's side ()
(2) this avoided the seat and said ()
(3) Qi people are good at stealing ()
(4) The disciples are similar ()
(5) Yan Zi entered the meeting and set up a room ()
(6) Know your work from relaxation ()
3. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese.
(1) Sages are not interested in happiness, and I am not interested in illness.
(2) It is the autumn millet that makes people hungry and cold.
4. [a] What does the phenomenon "oranges are born in Huainan and oranges are born in Huaibei" mean? Please give a brief answer.
5. Yan Zi, Wang Chu and Gong Jing in the two articles [A] and [B] are worthy of recognition. Please comment briefly.
14. A girl always feels that she has failed. Compared with her classmates, her grades are slightly worse, complaining that the teacher is "too low"; When she didn't win the prize in the composition contest, she complained that the contest organizer was "as blind as a bat". Her parents died young, and her brother and sister lived alone. She even blamed her brother, the director, for not trying to send her to a better middle school in the provincial capital city. One day, a friend listened to her cry and was silent for a long time before saying, "Why do I hear all the mistakes and responsibilities of others?" Everyone should learn to take responsibility in their study, work and life, and make themselves responsible for themselves. "
Please write a composition on the topic of "being responsible for yourself". Requirements: the meaning of the text is self-determined, the style is not limited, and the title of the article is self-drawn, not less than 600 words.
15. "If you get the word, you will help more, but if you lose it, you will help less." The central argument is. Expounded Mencius' political thought. Born in sorrow and died in happiness. This paper expounds Mencius' view on talents.
16. Phonetic words with horizontal lines
() Legalist Fu () is a relative of () nearby.
17. Use "/"to correctly divide the reading rhythm of the following sentences.
(1) The local people are not bound by the government.
(2) if you enter, you will not be able to go home, and if you leave, you will have no foreign enemies.
18. In the following sentences, there is no common word ().
A. Being trapped in your heart, balance means worrying about B. You are helpless and your relatives are there.
C if you get more help from Tao, you will get less help from Tao. D. if you enter, there will be no legalist school.
19. Explain the different meanings of dots in the following sentences:
This pool is not too deep. Ancient meaning: modern meaning:
20. Read the following paragraph to complete the exercise.
Shun was born in mu, Fu Shuo was born in the middle of the building, and the glue was in fish and salt. Guan Yi I was a scholar, Sun Shuai was in the sea, and a hundred miles was in the city.
Therefore, when the sky falls, people must first suffer their minds, their bones and muscles, starve their bodies, empty their bodies, and mess around. Therefore, patience has benefited them a lot.
People are unchangeable, and then they can change; Trapped in the heart, balanced in consideration, and then made; Color label, sound hair, and then metaphor. A country, if there are no ministers and wise men who can assist the king, will often be in danger of the collapse of its neighboring countries and the misfortunes from abroad.
In this way, you will know that sorrow is enough to make people live and pleasure is enough to make people die.
1, in the following statement, the explanation of the added words is incorrect ().
A. Fu Shuo was held between two buildings: he was promoted and chosen.
B Yico Zeng cannot have: the same as "increase", increase.
C. weigh the considerations and then make an attack.
D. if you go out, you will be invincible. Foreign patients go out: outside, referring to foreign countries.
2. Compare the words added in the following groups, which have the same meaning ().
A. the country will perish forever. B. Therefore, heaven will demote, and so will people.
Hequ died knowing his mistake. Although he was famous for his horses, he was only humiliated by slaves.
C. therefore, heaven is a great responsibility, so people will die.
If I can tell whether I am a man or a woman, I will go to my hometown.
3. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese.
(1) Therefore, heaven is a great responsibility, and people are also.
Born in sorrow, died in happiness.
4, the following understanding of the content of the selected paragraph is incorrect ()
A. The author believes that talents are cultivated in a difficult environment, so if you want to increase talents, you must first go through hard training.
B. When discussing the problem of personnel training, this paper emphasizes the role of objective conditions and subjective factors.
C. In the way of thinking, the article starts from the country and then to the individual, which makes the level of the article very clear.
D. The central argument of this paper is "born in sorrow, died in happiness".
5. "Adversity can make talents" is the viewpoint expounded in the article "Born in sorrow and died in happiness", which tells the truth that talents can only be made in difficulties. So, "Can prosperity be a success?" This is a question that many students may have. In this regard, please contact historical or real life examples for a brief analysis.
2 1. Read the following excerpts from classical Chinese and complete the exercises.
Today's scholars, reading ancient books, blame (zǐ) the mistakes of the ancients; It is also a pleasure to live in the present and say that people are lost. We can't lose the human factor. But what if I try to change my position and accept it calmly? I can know other people's mistakes, but I can't see mine; I can refer to other people's small mistakes, but I can't see my big ones. I beg for my loss, but I can't afford it. Why talk about people?
(Selected from Qian Daxin's Collected Works of Thousand Words Hall)
1. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese.
However, if I try to change places, I will accept it and lose everything.
Please summarize the author's point of view in concise language.
Please sort out the author's argument and fill in the box below.
4. What do you think of the behavior of "people today read books and ancient books, which makes the mistakes of the ancients more serious"?
Answer1.1.xī 2.yī 3.guī 4.huan5.quī n6.bī
2.C
3. 1. If you attack it, you will have the right time.
Therefore, it will be a great responsibility for people.
4. 1. The highest wisdom of business 2. Being outnumbered, shameless.
To make people settle down instead of moving to other places, we can't rely on the demarcated frontier to consolidate national defense and shock the world by force.
6. This disturbed his heart, strengthened his character, constantly increased his talents, and made him omnipotent.
7. Time, place and person; Human harmony; People are more important than rulers.
8. 1.( 1) So (2) this kind of person 2. Only in this way can people understand that hardship makes people live and develop, and that ease and enjoyment make people haggard and die 2.
9. 1. 2D of Mencius during the Warring States Period. a，D 4。 Internal and external relatives refer to relatives outside the family. 5. Many people get help from Tao, but few people get help from Tao. 6.
10. 1. "Mencius" helps those who gain enlightenment more, but those who lose it less.
2. Wait until you and your child are sad.
3. What if the judge doesn't handle the case impartially?
Because Mencius used two analogies to put Ren Xuan in an embarrassing situation where there was no way out, Wang Xuan could only talk about him around him.
11.1.(1) moat (2) give up (3) surrender.
2.B
3. The people in the territory don't take the government boundary, the country doesn't take the risk of mountains and rivers, and the world doesn't take advantage of war.
4 1) surround it and attack it, but you can't win. (2) You can't win this way, because the weather season that is conducive to fighting is not as good as the geographical situation that is conducive to fighting. (3) On the condition that everyone in the world submits to him, you can attack those who betray him. (4) Therefore, a gentleman can defeat the enemy without fighting. Must win.
5. Take the siege as an example to demonstrate.
6. The main point of this paper is that "those who gain the Tao help more, and those who lose the Tao help less". Because of advocating "benevolent government" to unify the world, this paper discusses the popular support in the war, points out that popular support is the main factor to win or lose the war, and highlights the decisive role of "human harmony" in winning or losing the war. "People's will" and "human harmony" are the results of "benevolent government". Therefore, the viewpoint of this paper embodies Mencius' thought of "benevolent government"
12. 1. (Tang) Emperor Taizong wanted to kill his horse keeper because of his sudden death, but he changed his mind after being persuaded by the queen.
2. Persuade Qi Jinggong not to kill the horse breeder.
3. Emperor Taizong has a good horse/loves it very much/keeps it in the palace/suddenly dies of illness/Emperor Taizong angrily keeps a horse/kills it.
about
13. 1. Its/real taste/difference.
2.( 1) Binding (2) Seating (3) Stealing (4) Confession (only, in vain, only) (5) Temporary comfort (6) (comfortable, comfortable, carefree)
3.( 1) A man of noble character can't joke with him, but I'm bring disgrace to oneself (asking for it). (2) (Gong Jing) So he ordered his men to take out farm clothes and food for the hungry and cold people.
4. Influence of environment on growth (different soil and water)
5. Example: Yan is eloquent, with people-oriented thinking and strong patriotic enthusiasm. The king of Chu has self-knowledge. Gong Jing has a people-oriented idea. He is willing to make suggestions and can correct his mistakes.
14. ellipsis (hint: profound concept, author's content, and orderly writing)
15. Mencius? Sun's ugly weather is not as good as geography, and geography is not as good as people and rulers. Gao Zi was born in sorrow and died in happiness. About talents should exercise in a difficult environment.
16.s pàn Yuèbé
17.( 1) The people of the territory "don't take" the government's borders.
(2) if you enter, you will not be able to go home, and if you leave, there will be no foreign invasion.
18.C
19. moat pools and ponds
20. 1, C 2, B3, (1) So God wants to give such people a great mission. (2) Worry (which can motivate people to be diligent) makes people survive and develop; Ease and pleasure make people depressed and will inevitably go to extinction.
4, C5, omitted
2 1. 1. Is it really my fault to want to change places with others and guess calmly? Or: If I put myself in the shoes and guess calmly, am I not wrong?
2. Be strict with yourself and be lenient with others. Or: be rigorous in your studies and don't be self-righteous.
3. Point out the phenomenon → tell the truth or ask questions → analyze the problems.
For example, this kind of behavior is inappropriate. Don't comment and deny ancient books without careful analysis and research.
We can't simply affirm or deny this behavior. Reading ancient books should take the essence and discard the dross.
(3) This behavior has its merits. "It is better to believe in books than to have no books", so we should dare to question and boldly question.