Philosophical principles and methodologies reflected in famous aphorisms

Part One

Dialectical Materialism Part

1. There are thoughts in the day and dreams in the night: matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of objective things by the human brain.

2. Suddenly a spring breeze comes overnight, and thousands of pear trees bloom: the human brain's reflection of objective things is subjective and dynamic.

3． Qi is the basis of reason; Zi does not talk about monsters, power, chaos, and gods: it is a materialistic view that the essence of the world is material.

4． If the form exists, the spirit will exist; if the form disappears, the spirit will disappear: a materialist view that believes that matter determines consciousness, and consciousness cannot be separated from matter.

5. There is nothing outside the mind, existence means being perceived, and objects are collections of ideas: this goes against the idealist view that the essence of the world is material.

6． Follow the picture to find out: It violates all subjectivist viewpoints based on reality and commits bookish errors.

7． Painting cakes to satisfy hunger: exaggerating the active role of consciousness and failing to realize that consciousness cannot replace matter.

8． Covering one's ears and stealing the bell: exaggerating the active role of consciousness and violating the objectivity of matter.

9. Sophon doubts his neighbor: People's understanding of things is restricted by subjective factors. One must observe things from a correct standpoint.

10． The movement of heaven is always constant, and it does not exist for Yao, nor does it perish for Jie. The sky does not suffer from the cold, but it also stops winter, and the earth does not suffer from the evil of man, but it is far away and wide: the development of things is