Briefly describe the enlightenment and consider it from the perspective of materials and problems. The materials and questions are mainly about the relationship between all ethnic groups and Chinese culture, so enlightenment must be considered from the idea that all ethnic groups have jointly created Chinese civilization.

One of the historical inspirations of Chinese civilization is to choose tolerance.

(2) Tolerance is an inherent thought of Chinese civilization. As early as in the history books, there is a saying: "With tolerance, virtue is great" (Zhou Shu Jun Chen). It means that if you are tolerant, you can achieve great deeds. Laozi also said: "Let's be public, public is king, king is heaven, heaven is Tao, and Tao is long." It means: if you are tolerant, you can be "fair", then "king", "heaven", "Tao" and "dragon". Although these are aimed at rulers, they are of universal significance in Chinese civilization. Chinese civilization is a very tolerant civilization. China people often use "all rivers run into the sea" to describe a person's tolerance and mind. These four words can also be used to describe the character of Chinese civilization.

More and more archaeological data prove that the birthplace of Chinese civilization is not only the Yellow River basin, but also the Yangtze River basin. More and more archaeological data prove that there are many cultural relics scattered all over the country besides the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin. The composition of Chinese civilization includes not only the civilizations created by the Chinese people who settled in the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins in the early days and whose main source of livelihood was farming, but also the civilizations created by some ethnic minorities whose main source of livelihood was nomadism. The evolution of Chinese civilization is the fusion of various civilized factors. The mode of integration is that Chinese civilization is the core, the core spreads to the periphery, the periphery converges to the core, and the core and the periphery complement each other, absorb each other and merge with each other. Both the Han nationality and ethnic minorities outside the Han nationality have made important contributions to Chinese civilization. For example, the exquisite building such as Yingxian Wooden Pagoda in Shanxi, which we are proud of, is a masterpiece of Liao Dynasty established by the Qidan people. The Yuan Dynasty, founded by Mongols, opened the north-south sea route for the first time in China. The Qing Dynasty, which was established in the Manchu Dynasty, saw the prosperity of Kang and Gan. All these have added a wonderful page to Chinese civilization.

④ We can take the Warring States and the Tang Dynasty as examples to further illustrate the inclusiveness of Chinese civilization. During the Warring States period, it is a well-known fact that different theories and schools, such as Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism, Legalism, Famous Scholars and Yin and Yang Scholars, coexisted in diversity and argued freely. I want to emphasize that the inclusiveness of Chinese civilization is not only reflected in the inclusiveness of the rulers, but also in the inclusiveness of the whole society. Confucius has 3,000 disciples, "Yang Zhu's words are the best in the world" (Mencius and Teng Wengong), and other schools also have their own followers or fellow travelers, which shows that society is very tolerant. Tolerance is also an important symbol of the prosperity of Tang civilization, which is manifested in many aspects, such as the unity of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; People of all ethnic groups in government agencies have the opportunity to display their talents. The system of selecting talents through the imperial examination has enabled a large number of scholars to enter the official career from civilians. Literature and art with various themes and styles, and so on. Take government generals, such as Gershohan, Gao Xianzhi and Li Guangbi, as examples, who are all ethnic minorities. Ma Lu (Chao Heng) of Japanese Abe and Cui Zhiyuan of Silla both worked in the Tang Dynasty, far away from their homeland.

The history of Chinese civilization tells us that the development of civilization needs tolerance. "The mountain will never be too high, and the sea will never be too deep." Only tolerance can make a hundred rivers flow into the sea, and only tolerance can make it grow.