What are some educational quotes? Using beatings to educate children is similar to how apes educate their offspring. Author: Makarenko Those who have no doubts in reading must learn to have doubts;
What are some educational quotes? Using beatings to educate children is similar to how apes educate their offspring. Author: Makarenko Those who have no doubts in reading must learn to have doubts; those who have doubts must have no doubts. Only here can they make progress. Author: Zhu Xi Labor is respected by others. Serving society is a highly appreciated moral ideal. Author: Dewey Those who plan for the prosperity of their descendants will fail nine times out of ten. Author: Lin Bu (Song Dynasty) When three people walk together, there must be a teacher. Author: Confucius There is no real education without self-education. Such a belief plays a significant role in the collective creative work of our teachers. Author: Suhomlinsky Only one must learn. Without learning, there is no way to expand talents; without ambition, there is no way to achieve learning. Author: Kong Ming Children cannot be taught well by using rules. Rules will always be forgotten by them. ...Once a habit is successfully cultivated, it does not need to rely on memory, and it can take effect easily and naturally. Author: Locke Since habits are the masters of life, people should strive to obtain good habits. If a habit starts at an early age, it is the most perfect habit. This is certain. We call this education. Education is actually a habit that starts at an early age. Author: Bacon Education is for the public and the world is for the public. Author: Tao Xingzhi People who do not get the respect of others often have the strongest self-esteem. Author: Makarenko There are countless desires in life, and they forget to teach their children. Author: Zi Yan Master is always good at seducing people. He persuades me with words and invites me with courtesy. I can't stop. Author: Confucius There is Watt under your pointer, Newton in your cold eyes, and Edison in your ridicule. Don't rush them away. You don’t have to wait until you ride a steamer, light up an electric light, or learn calculus to recognize them as your primary school students. Author: Tao Xingzhi Education is a process of gradually discovering one's ignorance. Author: Durant The way of learning is difficult for strict teachers. Author: "Book of Rites·Xue Ji" If you want students to be eager to learn, you must be eager to learn. Only a teacher who never tires of learning can teach students who never tire of learning. Author: Tao Xingzhi Love for children is the most important thing in a teacher's life. Author: Suhomlinsky Let every student walk with his head up in school. Author: Suhomlinsky Finding beauty from beautiful things is the task of aesthetic education. Author: Schiller Think of others when you see good people, and reflect on yourself when you see bad people. Author: Confucius There is no kind of politeness that can make people see the lack of upbringing at a glance. The correct education lies in making the appearance of politeness and the person's noble upbringing show at the same time. Author: Goethe If schools fail to give students more successful experiences in the classroom, they will end up rejecting learning altogether, both inside and outside school. Author: Lindgren It is very important that the heroic words and lofty ideals about the motherland do not become loud but empty rhetoric in the consciousness of our students, and do not let them become eclipsed and dull due to repeated repetition. Let children not talk about lofty ideals, but let these ideals exist in the passionate excitement of young hearts, in exciting emotions and actions, in love and hate, loyalty and uncompromising spirit. Author: Suhomlinsky Habit is really a tenacious and huge force that can dominate a person's life. Therefore, people should cultivate a good habit through education from an early age. Author: Bacon If jade is not polished, it will become useless. If a person does not learn, he does not know righteousness. Author: "Three Character Classic" I don't ask for gold and jade, but I hope that all my descendants will be virtuous. Author: "Zengguang Xianwen" In any school, the most important thing is the ideological and political direction of the curriculum, which is entirely determined by the teaching staff. Author: Lenin It is better to have no faith in the "Book" than to have no "Book" at all. Author: Mencius Education is the main defense force of a country. Author: Burke Educate children to see the spiritual nobility, kindness and honesty through the beauty of the world around them and the beauty of human relationships, and on this basis, establish the quality of beauty in themselves. Author: Suhomlinsky Teaching children Kung Fu: The first is to get started, the second is to choose a teacher. Author: (Qing Dynasty) Lu Shiyi Everyone who is determined to devote himself to education should tolerate the weaknesses of children. Author: (former Soviet Union) Suhomlinsky Only kind-hearted people can easily accept the influence of morality. If anyone has not received a kind education, has not experienced the joy of doing good to others, and does not feel that he is a strong and brave defender of true and beautiful things, he cannot become a like-minded person in the collective.
Author: Suhomlinsky The method of forcing knowledge often causes people to dislike books; in this way, people cannot obtain the kind of self-learning ability cultivated by reasonable education, but will instead make this ability continue to deteriorate. Author: Spencer A teacher's personal example is the most useful sunshine that cannot be replaced by anything for the hearts of young people. Author: Ushensky The desire for knowledge and curiosity - these are eternal and unchangeable characteristics of human beings. Where there is no thirst for knowledge, there is no school. Author: Suhomlinsky You must always feel that the land of the motherland is firmly under your feet, live with the collective, and remember that it is the collective that educates you. If one day you break away from the group, it will be the beginning of the end. Author: Ostrovsky Young is a solid foundation, and young is a diligent study. Author: (Ming Dynasty) Hong Yingming "Because morality is the foundation of being a human being. Once the foundation is bad, even if you have some knowledge and skills, it will be of little use." Author: Tao Xingzhi Education cannot create anything, but it can inspire children's creativity to engage in creative work. Author: Tao Xingzhi Teachers are a living link between the past and the future. Its cause, though superficially vindicated, is one of the greatest in history. Author: Ushinsky The whole trick of educational techniques is to capture this self-motivation, this moral self-encouragement in children. If a child does not strive to improve himself and does not know how to encourage himself, no educator will be able to cultivate good qualities in him. But only in those places where the collective and teachers see the children's strengths first will children become motivated. Author: Suhomlinsky We don't need to memorize by rote, we need to use basic knowledge to develop and enhance each learner's thinking ability. Author: Lenin Love, first of all, means dedication, which means dedicating the power of one's soul to the one you love and creating happiness for the one you love. Author: Suhomlinsky Be educated and know how to burn wills and be a decent person, loved and respected by others, instead of being a repeat watch thief who will be severely punished by the law for five situations. He was sent to Gray's ambush to be executed, and was hated and disgraced. Author: Balzac The sense of honor is a good quality, so only those who are noble and positive or well-educated have it. Author: Edison The feeling that beautiful things evoke in people's hearts is similar to the joy that fills our hearts when we are in front of our dear ones. Author: Chernyshevsky Collective life is the road to self-socialization for children An important driving force for development; necessary for the normal development of children's psychology. A child who cannot obtain this normal development may be a tragedy throughout his life. Author: Tao Xingzhi Only love is the best teacher, it far exceeds the sense of responsibility. Author: Einstein "I do believe that in our education, too often for practical and practical purposes, the overemphasis on purely intellectual education has directly led to the damage to ethical education." Author: Einstein Teaching Children Sun Xu teaches: Accumulating good deeds is better than accumulating money. Author: "Couplet of Proverbs" The study of memorizing questions is not enough to become a teacher. Author: "Book of Rites·Xue Ji" Children and grandchildren will have their own blessings, so don't worry about them. Author: (Yuan) Guan Hanqing The art of teaching lies not in imparting skills, but in being good at motivating, awakening and inspiring. Author: Dis Duohui Only when the collective and teachers see the students' strengths first can students be motivated. Author: Suhomlinsky A good teacher does not teach or teach students, but teaches students to learn. Author: Tao Xingzhi Empty spirit, exhausted thoughts, low aspirations, ignorance, etc. will never radiate and breed true love. Author: Suhomlinsky The future will belong to two types of people: those who think and those who work. In fact, these two kinds of people are one kind of person, because thinking is also labor. Author: Hugo Beauty is an indispensable thing for human society, just like sunshine is needed for life. Aesthetic education is an indispensable education for cultivating healthy people, just like vitamins for life. Author: Collected by diyifanwen.com The process of personal development should be encouraged as much as possible in education. Children should be guided to explore and make their own inferences. You should tell them as little as possible and guide them to discover as much as possible. Author: Spencer We want living books, not dead books; we want real books, not false books; we want moving books, not static books; we want books to be used, not books to read. To sum up, we should use life-centered teaching as guidance instead of text-centered textbooks.
Author: Tao Xingzhi If you want to be the people's teacher, you must first be the people's student. Author: Mao Zedong The personality, ideological beliefs and spiritual life of an educator are the wealth that can inspire every educated person to check themselves, reflect on themselves and control themselves. power. Author: Suhomlinsky The highest and final purpose of teaching is contained in this concept - virtue Author: Herbart Remember that you are not only a teacher who teaches, but also an educator of students and a person of life. Mentor and moral guide. Author: (former Soviet Union) Suhomlinsky The only source of students' respect for teachers lies in the teacher's morality and talent. Author: Einstein A true educator not only teaches the truth, but also imparts an attitude towards the truth to his students, stimulating in them an emotion of encouragement and admiration for good things and an intolerable attitude towards evil things. Author: (former Soviet Union) Suhomlinsky The ideal of the school is: do not let anyone enter life who has not been trained in intelligence. Stupid people are a danger to society, no matter what level of education they have. Author: (Former Soviet Union) Suhomlinsky "Advice to Teachers" Intellectual education is to expand the scope of people's knowledge. Author: James Ra. Lowell. Educating people is to form people's character. Author: Irving. Anyone. You should have self-respect, self-confidence, and independence, otherwise you will be a slave. But self-esteem is not contempt, self-confidence is not complacency, and independence is not loneliness. Author: Xu Teli You cannot turn a child's spiritual world into simply learning knowledge. If we endeavor to direct all the mental energies of a child to schoolwork, his life will become intolerable. He should not only be a student, but above all a person with many interests, requirements and desires. Author: Suhomlinsky If anyone cannot educate himself, he cannot educate others. Author: Suhomlinsky In a wealthy family, if you love your son too much, your son will do whatever you want, and all the punishments and misfortunes will come from this. Author: (Qing Dynasty) Chen Hongmou Thought is the basis of action. It pulls young people to one side, while the actual requirements of life and interests pull them to another side. In most cases, life always prevails. Therefore, after a period of intense youth infatuation, most educated young people embark on a well-trodden path and gradually become accustomed to it. Author: Korolenko We firmly believe that education is the fundamental plan of the country for thousands of years. Author: Tao Xingzhi Materialism; avoid pampering. Author: "Aphorism Couplet" We have proletarian morality, we should develop it, consolidate it, and educate the future generation with this proletarian morality. Author: Kalinin People are like trees. To make them grow as high as possible, they cannot be forced to grow to the same height. They should seek equality at the footing and freedom at the beginning. Author: Tao Xingzhi Without emotion, morality will become boring empty words and can only cultivate hypocrites. Author: Suhomlinsky Teachers must have a healthy body, the skills of a farmer, a scientific mind, an interest in art, and a spirit of social reform. Author: Tao Xingzhi Whether a person's life is happy, peaceful, and auspicious depends on whether his behavior is moral and whether he can set an example for society. Therefore, self-cultivation education has become an important part of his school work. Author: Pestalozzi Everyone has certain ideals, which determine the direction of his efforts and judgment. In this sense, I never regard comfort and happiness as the purpose of life itself - this ethical basis, I call it the pig pen ideal. The ideals that illuminate my path and constantly give me new courage to face life joyfully are goodness, beauty and truth. Author: Einstein Father and mother are educators like teachers. They are no less than teachers and wise creators of mankind, because the son’s wisdom stretches from the roots of his parents before he is born into the world. come out. Author: Suhomlinsky (former Soviet Union) I have thought many times about two opposing educational methods: one is that people strive to maintain the innocence of students, confuse innocence with ignorance, and think that it is worse to avoid being recognized. Avoid the evil that is not recognized; the other is to wait until the student reaches the age of understanding, and bravely show the evil to him in an extremely ugly and naked manner, except for the subtle and embarrassing things, so that he will hate it. It, avoid it. I believe that evil should be recognized. Author: Valera God cannot be everywhere, so he created mother. Author: Proverb Stomach troubles are always caused by gluttony.
Chantry is sent by God to educate the stomach. And you should remember this: every desire we have, even love, has an appetite and must not be too full. Author: Anonymous "A teacher is one who teaches things to illustrate the virtues." Author: "Book of Rites" If someone has not developed, cultivated and educated himself well, he cannot develop, cultivate and educate others. Author: Disi Duohui Educators should have a deep understanding of the minds of growing people... Only by continuously studying the psychology of students throughout their entire educational career and deepening their own psychological knowledge can they become a true expert in educational work. Author: Suhomlinsky Cultivating and educating people is the same as planting flowers and trees. You must first understand the characteristics of flowers and trees, fertilize, water and cultivate and educate them according to different situations. This is called "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude." Author: Tao Xingzhi The simplest element of moral education is "love", which is children's love for their mother and positive love for people. The foundation of this kind of children's moral education should be laid in the family. Children's love for their mothers is based on the mother's love for the baby and its satisfaction with the needs of physical growth. Further consolidating and developing this element requires school education. Teachers should also have a father-son-like love for children and integrate the school into the big family. Author: Pestalozzi Living talent education is not about instilling knowledge, but about giving students the key to developing cultural treasure house as much as we know. Author: Tao Xingzhi When a person is born, if he does not eat, he will die; when a child is immature, if he does not learn, he will be stupid. Food is used to nourish one's life, and it can be used to make one grow; learning is used to nourish one's good qualities, and it can be used to make one become a sage and a wise person. Author: (Qing Dynasty) Dai Zhen All subjects should essentially start from the time of mental enlightenment Author: Rousseau You must have a goal in life, a goal for a lifetime, a goal for a period of time, a goal for a stage, a goal for a year, a goal for a month, a goal for a week Goals for a day, goals for an hour, goals for a minute. Author: Leo Tolstoy No matter how hard you work, you will get nothing. To harvest well, you must cultivate well. Author: Xu Teli Only with a healthy body can we have a healthy spirit. Author: Locke Those who move people with words will not be deeply moved; those who move people with actions will respond quickly. Author: Li Zhi The lofty moral significance of labor also lies in that a person can reflect his wisdom, skills, selfless love for his career and his willingness to pass on his experience to his comrades in the material results of labor. Author: Suhomlinsky Another content of family education is to cultivate children's obedience. The cultivation of obedience can make children have the desire to grow up. On the contrary, if you do not pay attention to the cultivation of obedience in your children, he will become abrupt, arrogant and rude. Author: Hegel "The three qualities of wisdom, benevolence and courage are important spiritual heritage of China. In the past, they were considered as the 'great virtues of the world', but today they are still important indicators of perfect personal development." Author: Tao Xingzhi Only if students do not spend all their time Only when he spends all his time studying and leaves a lot of free time can he study smoothly... (This) is the logic of the educational process. Author: Suhomlinsky Someone asked the eagle: "Why do you go to high altitudes to educate your children?" The eagle replied: "If I educate them close to the ground, when they grow up, how can they have the courage to approach the sun? "Author: Lessing loves his son but does not teach him, yet he eats him when he is hungry and poisons him, which is what harms him. Author: (Qing Dynasty) Shen Hanyu A common problem in Chinese education is that people who use their brains are taught not to use their hands, and people who use their hands are not taught to use their brains, so they can do nothing. The countermeasure of China’s education revolution is the hand-brain alliance. The result is that the power of both hands and brain can be incredible. Author: Tao Xingzhi If your children are talented, please control their love and do not slacken their teachings, so they will not be defeated by arrogance. If the children are unworthy, they should be strict with their teachings but not disrespectful of their love, so they should not leave them with resentment. Author: "Motto Lian Bi" Chinese students studying abroad often have much better academic performance than the American students they study with. However, ten years later, their scientific research results are much less than others. The reason is that American students have active thinking, strong hands-on ability and creative spirit. . Author: Yang Zhenning Education determines everything. The peach was once a bitter almond; cabbage was just a college-educated yellow sprout. Author: Mark Twain Asking about the blessings of our ancestors, I enjoy it, but I should remember the difficulty of accumulation. When asking about the blessings of future generations, I would like to ask you to think about how easy it is to overthrow. Author: "Proverbs Lian Bi" Habit is really a tenacious and huge force, it can dominate life. Therefore, people should establish good habits through perfect education since childhood. Author: Bacon To cultivate a person is to cultivate his hope for the future. Author: Makarenko Only educated people are free.
Author: Epictetus If you want to cultivate students into a kind of person, you should be that kind of person. Author: Chernyshevsky "The fate of young people is in the hands of teachers, and the fate of the nation and mankind is in the hands of teachers." Author: Tao Xingzhi Only morality and talent, only talent; if you are not as good as others, you should strive for yourself. Like clothes, like food; not as good as others, don't worry about it. Author: "Disciple Regulations" The unshakable purpose of women's education is to raise children. Author: Hitler Poor peasants suffer the special disadvantage of being uneducated and are in special need of education. Author: Lenin Education is rooted in love. Author: Lu Xun Early education should be a kind of entertainment, so that it is easier to discover a person's natural hobby. Author: Plato A father is good at teaching his son, and he teaches his children well. Author: (Song Dynasty) Lin Bu If you want to have sons and grandsons who are wise, you must have no fault of your own. Once you have been beaten a thousand times, you will be more angry if you have ever experienced it. Author: Wang Fanzhi (Tang Dynasty) There is no medicine that can prolong the life of a minister, and it is difficult to buy wise descendants with money. Author: (Yuan Dynasty) Anonymous A gentleman has three kinds of happiness, but the king of the world does not share them. Having both parents and brothers without any reason is one kind of happiness; looking up to Heaven and not being ashamed of others is the second kind of happiness; being able to educate the talented people from all over the world is the third kind of happiness. A gentleman has three kinds of happiness, but the king of the world does not share them. Author: Mencius The only and all work of education can be summed up in this concept - morality. Author: Herbart One percent of waste products in educational work will cause serious losses to the country. Author: Makarenko We have proletarian morality, we should develop it, consolidate it, and educate the future generation with this proletarian morality Author: Kalinin The only way to pass down the family is to keep it strong; to teach children there is no way but to be strict. Author: "Proverbs Couplet" More advanced and complex labor is a manifestation of a labor force that requires higher education costs and requires more labor time to produce than an ordinary labor force. Therefore, it has a high value. Author: Marx Clothes should be cherished from the time they are new, and children should be educated from an early age. (Uygur) Author: Proverb: It is not easy to start a family, but it is difficult to teach a child. Author: "Couple of Maxims" Anyone who teaches must hope to achieve the goal of not having to teach. Author: Ye Shengtao. People with talent can obtain honor and virtue without education, but it is difficult for people with only education but no talent to achieve this. Author: Ye Shengtao. There are two different tendencies to be prevented in Cicero’s education: one is the erroneous tendency to completely erase the boundaries between teaching and learning, denying the teacher’s leading role; the other is to only discipline without asking students’ interests and paying no attention to students The erroneous tendencies of the questions asked. The former tendency is bound to be unplanned and rolling along with life; the latter tendency is bound to indoctrinate students into rotten ducks. Author: Tao Xingzhi The core issue of moral education is to enable everyone to establish a lofty purpose in life. ... People seem to be striding toward the future every day, thinking about and paying attention to the future all the time. From understanding social ideals to forming personal lofty life goals, this is a long road of education, first of all, emotional education. Author: Suhomlinsky Everyone wants to be kind to their children, but they don’t know how to cultivate themselves, and they are confused. Author: (Qing Dynasty) Zhang Luxiang Imagination is more important than knowledge, because knowledge is limited, and imagination summarizes everything in the world, promotes progress, and is the source of knowledge evolution. Strictly speaking, imagination is the real factor in scientific research. Author: Einstein Among the various qualities of a person, virtue is the first. Author: Locke If you know what things should be, you are a smart person; if you know what things actually are, you are an experienced person; if you know how to make things better, you are a talented person. Author: Diderot The education of young people is the cornerstone of the country. Author: Franklin Whenever we have an impact on individuals, this impact must also be an impact on the collective. Author: Makarenko Friends are valuable, but enemies can also be useful; friends will tell me what I can do, and enemies will teach me what I should do. Author: Schiller "The teacher's duty is to 'teach thousands of things, teach people to seek truth'; the student's duty is to 'learn thousands of things, and learn to be a real person'." Author: Tao Xingzhi Teachers are the ones who overcome human ignorance and bad habits An active and active member of a great institution, an intermediary between all the noble and great figures of past history and the new generation, the preserver of the sacred teachings of those who strive for truth and happiness,... a person of the past and of A living link between the future.
Author: Ushinsky We have discovered that children are creative, and once we know that children are creative, we must further liberate children's creativity. Author: Tao Xingzhi Parents of children should not use rude language even to domestic animals, etc. Author: Kimura Kuichi To cultivate people is to cultivate their hope for the future. Author: Makarenko Having both hands and brain is the purpose of creating education. The countermeasure for China’s educational revolution is to bring together hands and brains. Author: Tao Xingzhi The most ardent need in human nature (reprinted from the first model essay website, please keep this mark.) is the desire to be affirmed. Author: William James Teachers teach not by giving them all, but by inducing them through the camera. Author: Ye Shengtao The cultivation of a culture of observing discipline can only be effective if the leader himself sets an example in this regard. Author: Makarenko It is necessary to liberate children's minds, hands, feet, space, and time, so that they can fully enjoy a free life and get real education from a free life. Author: Tao Xingzhi When he was about to mount his horse, he had no other instructions, so he bought more poems and books to teach his descendants. Author: (Song Dynasty) Chen Shiqing Morality is generally considered to be the highest purpose of human beings, and therefore the highest purpose of education. Author: Herbart Teaching must start from the learner's existing experience Author: Dewey Where and when does self-education begin? There is an old proverb that says: "Victory over oneself is the most difficult victory." Author: Suhomlinsky It is most appropriate for young people to combine their responsibilities for education and progress with their obligations to their benefactors and supporters. However, I did this to my parents. Author: Beethoven Rather than abiding by the rules, it is better to be natural; rather than seeking uniformity, it is better to express individuality. Author: Cai Yuanpei The teacher's love is like drops of nectar, which can revive even the withered soul; the teacher's love is like the melting spring breeze, which can melt even the frozen feelings. Author: Bartel The early combination of productive labor and education is one of the most powerful means to transform modern society. Author: Marx School requires teachers to become an artist in his own job. Author: Einstein For the people, the first is bread, and the second is education. Author: Green Xi'an: High school is a teacher, personal integrity is a model; education is the basis of a century-old plan. Author: Book Excerpt If the emotion of kindness is not formed in childhood, then you will not be able to cultivate this emotion at any time. Because the formation of people's sincere feelings is connected with the understanding of the most important truths that they first come into contact with, as well as the experience and feeling of the most delicate aspects of the motherland's language. Author: Suhomlinsky Don't offend heaven and earth with your thoughts, and leave a good example to your children and grandchildren with your words and deeds. Author: (Ming Dynasty) Yuan Chonghuan's mother-in-law tattooed with the character "Yu Zhongliang"; Meng's mother moved back to Fei Dianzhang. Author: "Proverbs Couplet" The whole secret of educational skills lies in how to care for children. Author: Suhomlinsky Aesthetic educators are those who apply aesthetic theories to education with the purpose of cultivating emotions. Author: Cai Yuanpei Only educated and sincere people are interesting people, and only they are what society needs. The more such people there are, the faster the kingdom of heaven will come to earth. Author: Chekhov Moral principles can truly become students' spiritual wealth only when they are pursued, obtained and personally experienced by students themselves, and only when they become students' independent personal beliefs. Author: Suhomlinsky Labor is a folk pedagogy with magical power, which has opened up a new source of educational wisdom for us. This source is unknown to book-based educational theory. We firmly believe that only through sweat, calluses and tired people's labor can the human soul become sensitive and gentle. Through labor, talents have the ability to understand the world around them with their hearts. Author: Suhomlinsky There is a deep-rooted need in people's hearts - they always want to feel that they are discoverers, researchers, and explorers. In the spiritual world of children, this need is particularly strong. But if this need is not provided with nourishment, that is, if there is no active contact with facts and phenomena, and there is a lack of fun in knowledge, this need will gradually disappear, and the interest in seeking knowledge will also be extinguished along with it. Author: Suhomlinsky Talent only gives some seeds, not established knowledge and virtue. These seeds need development, and development must be achieved through education and upbringing. Author: Kailov If his body is upright, he will not do what he is told; if his body is not upright, he will not do what he is told. Author: Confucius You must always feel that the land of the motherland is firmly under your feet, live with the collective, and remember that it is the collective that educates you.
If you break away from the group that day, it will be the beginning of the end. Author: Ostrovsky The words we use proudly do not actually come from ourselves. What belongs to us is nothing more than some modifications made according to our temperament, character, environment, education and social relations. It's just this little modification that differentiates it from other people's expressions and marks it as our own unique style. It is temporarily regarded as our own. Everything else is just old stuff, clichés that have been said by generations for thousands of years and hundreds of years. Author: Mark Twain Maternal love is the greatest power in the world. Author: Mir Teach your children not to spoil them, and do not abandon them when they fall. Author: (Qing Dynasty) Wang Yongbin