The Great Wall is the largest defensive military project in ancient China. The Great Wall starts from Shanhaiguan in the east, passes through high mountains, crosses deep valleys, stretches across deserts and grasslands, and ends at Jiayuguan Pass. The total length is more than 12,000 miles. , so it is called the Great Wall.
The construction of the Great Wall was gradually completed over a long period of time. From the beginning to the final completion, it took more than 2,000 years. If the Great Wall built in the past dynasties are connected, the total length will exceed 50,000 kilometers. .The Great Wall has become one of the greatest projects in the world because of its majesty. Looking from the satellite, the hometown of mankind - the earth, one of the few buildings seen is the Great Wall. She is the symbol of the Chinese nation. Hard work, perseverance, a symbol of ancient civilization.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period from the fifth to seventh centuries BC, the princes of the Central Plains competed for hegemony and wars were frequent. In order to defend against the powerful nomadic tribes in the northern grasslands from invading the Central Plains, it was located in In the north, Yan, Zhao, Qin and other countries built high walls in key areas. Qin Shihuang unified China and connected the Great Walls of all countries into a line, thus forming a military barrier stretching thousands of miles from Lintao in Gansu in the west to Jin in Liaodong in the east, creating a world-famous A marvel of ancient engineering.
From the Qin Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, new and additional Great Walls were built in varying sizes." The Han Dynasty continued to build the Great Wall. From Emperor Wen to Emperor Xuan, a line starting from the west was built. Dayuan Ershi City stretches to the north bank of Heilongjiang in the east, with a total length of nearly 10,000 kilometers. Half of the ancient Silk Road runs along this Great Wall, which is the longest Great Wall in history. In the Ming Dynasty, in order to defend against Tatars, tiles were built The intrusion of the Ci people never stopped the construction of the Great Wall. From Hongwu to Wanli, 20 large-scale constructions were carried out, and a 6,350-kilometer border wall was built starting from Jiayuguan in Gansu in the west to Hushan in Liaodong in the east. .
The Great Wall has extremely high tourism value and historical and cultural significance. Now after careful development and restoration, Shanhaiguan, Juyongguan, Badaling, Simatai, Mutianyu, Jiayuguan and other places have become well-known tourist attractions at home and abroad. Standing high and looking far away, nostalgic for the past, the ancient battlefields seem to be right in front of you. Today, the Great Wall, the Pyramids of Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, and the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy are known as the seven wonders of the world. The monument and crystallization of wisdom of the ancient culture of the Chinese nation symbolizes the blood inheritance and national spirit of the Chinese nation.
By studying, you can learn about the construction of the Great Wall, the maintenance of the Great Wall in the past dynasties, and the impact of the Great Wall on China The profound influence of the nation. We can also have a clearer understanding of the Great Wall around us, and truly appreciate the great practical significance of the Great Wall, a world cultural heritage, for our socialist construction with Chinese characteristics today.
This course will cover the construction of the Great Wall in the Qin Dynasty, the maintenance and expansion of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty, and the practical significance of the Great Wall.
The Great Wall of Qin Dynasty
1. Overview of the Great Wall
The Great Wall is one of the greatest construction projects in the history of our country and the greatest national defense project in the history of our country. It starts from Shanhaiguan on the coast of the Bohai Sea in the east and passes through Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Ningxia and other provinces. He Autonomous Region, west to Jiayuguan, Gansu Province, stretching for more than 12,000 miles along the undulating mountains and vast deserts. Historically, the Great Wall was used to defend against the intrusions of northern nomads and protect the production and life of the people in the northern border area. It plays an important role. In addition, objectively it also plays a role in preventing the wind and sand blowing from the north. The construction scale of the Great Wall is very huge. No matter Beijing City, Nanjing City in our country or the ancient Roman city in foreign countries, Alexandria City cannot compete with it. Comparatively, it is estimated that if the bricks and stones used to build the Great Wall were built into a city wall five meters high and one meter wide, its length could circle the earth. This shows what a magnificent project it is! No wonder astronauts look at the surface of the earth from the moon. , no other buildings can be seen clearly, only the Dutch sea reclamation project and the Great Wall of China can be seen.
2. The emergence of the Great Wall
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Due to the frequency, intensity and expansion of the scale of wars, military fortification technology has been widely developed. In order to defend against sudden attacks from neighboring countries, various vassal states often built some gates, forts, pavilions, barriers and other garrison facilities on their borders. Later, Further checks, forts, pavilions,
Barriers were connected with city walls, or river embankments were expanded, and the so-called Great Wall appeared. The earliest Great Wall in the history of our country was the Fangcheng of Chu State, which was built around the 7th century BC and was located in the area from Zhushan in Hubei to Biyang in Henan. .In the early and middle stages of the Warring States Period, with the intensification of annexation wars, all the major vassal states in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River built the Great Wall for mutual defense. In the middle and late Warring States Period, due to the increasing strength and power of the nomadic tribes such as the Xiongnu, Donghu, and Linhu, Going south, Qin, Zhao, and Yan all built huge border Great Walls.
3. Reasons for the construction of the Great Wall
The Xiongnu were originally an ancient minority in northern China. The nation had become strong in the late Warring States period. The Xiongnu nobles took advantage of the decline of Yan and Zhao in the north to invade south step by step and occupied a large area of ??land in the Hetao area of ??the Yellow River. They mainly made a living by traveling and hunting, and relied on the fast-moving cavalry. , plundered the population and property, destroyed agricultural production, and made the border very uneasy.
After Qin Shihuang unified the Central Plains, on the one hand, he ordered to "destroy the city walls, clear the Sichuan defenses, and remove the dangers" to facilitate the unification of the country. , thus demolishing all the Great Walls of mutual defense among the princes in the interior. On the other hand, out of the need to resist the Huns and strengthen national defense, not only did the Great Walls at the border not be demolished, but on the basis of the above-mentioned Great Walls at the borders of the Qin, Zhao, and Yan kingdoms, further It was repaired, connected and built on a large scale, and the Great Wall of the Qin Dynasty, which is famous at home and abroad in Chinese history, emerged.
The reason why the Qin Dynasty overhauled the Great Wall was not because the country was weak and the Qin army was cowardly. The war was not as powerful as the Xiongnu, but due to the particularity of the contradiction between the agricultural economic peoples of the Central Plains and the nomadic economic peoples of the north in ancient times. Agricultural production requires a peaceful, unified and stable environment to facilitate cultivation and harvest, and develop the economy and culture. The nomadic peoples lived in the water and grass and were erratic. The Xiongnu, who were in the stage of transformation into slavery, had a ruling group that was intrusive and predatory. The Central Plains attacked with a large army, but the Xiongnu fled far away; once the army withdrew, the harassment and plundering continued as before. .This is the fundamental reason why Qin, Zhao, and Yan have repaired the Great Wall in the border areas since the middle of the Warring States Period.
Four. The construction of the Great Wall
The construction of the Great Wall in the Qin Dynasty was divided into two parts: Two stages, lasting 12 years.
The first stage lasted from the 26th to the 32nd year of Qin Shihuang (221 BC - 215 BC). At this time, the Sixth Dynasty had just been destroyed. The country is intensively carrying out a series of reforms and implementing various measures to consolidate unification. It has adopted a strategic defense policy against the Xiongnu. It has focused on repairing the border Great Walls of the original Qin, Zhao, and Yan kingdoms, and built several new parts to Connect them to each other. Since the key task of the first phase is to repair the old Great Wall, there are not many new parts and the amount of work is not large. It is mainly completed by the troops led by Meng Tian and the soldiers and civilians of border counties. There is no large-scale mobilization of manpower from across the country. , material and financial resources, so there are relatively few reflections on this situation in history books.
The second stage, from the 33rd to the 37th year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC - 210 BC). This period At that time, the situation had undergone tremendous changes. Qin Shihuang's internal consolidation work had been completed, the repair of the Great Wall on the border had basically been completed, the border defense had been consolidated, and all preparations for the war against the Huns were in place. The strategic defense had been transferred to the strategic offensive, and the victory had been achieved. A major victory. In the 32nd year of Qin Shihuang, Meng Tian defeated the Xiongnu army and regained Henan in one fell swoop. The following year, he crossed the Yellow River, captured Gaoque, and controlled Yangshan and Beijia, thus pushing the Qin Dynasty's border far north. In order to consolidate the newly occupied area, the second phase of the construction of the Great Wall began. There are two tasks in the second phase. The first is to "start from Yuzhong (today's Yuzhong, Gansu) to the east of the river and belong to the Yinshan Mountains" , thinking (four) fourteen counties, with the city and river as a fortress. That is to say, starting from the Yuzhong County area in today's Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, it is connected to the Great Wall that extended northwest from Didao along the Tao River in the first stage, along the Yellow River And in the east, until it is connected with Yinshan Mountain, that is, it is connected with the western end of the original South Great Wall of Yinshan Mountain in Zhao State, and 44 forts were built along the river bank, and 44 counties were established to strengthen the defense along the river. The second one was at Gaoque and Yangshan. , "Building pavilions and barriers to drive away the soldiers" in the Beijia area. That is to say, the North Great Wall of Yinshan built by King Wuling of Zhao was restored, and it extended from Gaoque to the southwest for a long time until it was connected with the quicksand at that time (today's Badain Jaran Desert , the general name of the Tengger Desert, Ulan Buh Desert) connection; eastward
After years of continuous repair and expansion, the scale has become more and more magnificent. It is one of the miracles in the history of military fortification in our country and is still the pride of the Chinese nation.
The Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty
Everyone is familiar with the term Great Wall. Now when you take a plane and look down at the earth from the distant space, among the buildings you can see is the Great Wall of China. It is regarded as one of the seven wonders of the world. Did you know that the existing Great Wall is In which dynasty was it built? Why was it built in the direction it was built? What role did it play at that time
After the Ming Dynasty destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, the original rulers, the Mongolian nobles, fled back to their old lands and continued to harass and plunder southward. Later, the Jurchens emerged in the Northeast. In order to defend against the harassment of nomadic nobles such as Mongolia and Jurchens, the Ming Dynasty attached great importance to the defense of the north. Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang was originally a leader of a peasant uprising and had personal experience in attacking cities. , when he had conquered the world, in order to consolidate his rule, he attached great importance to city building and fortification measures. It turned out that when Zhu Yuanzhang was about to unify the country, he adopted Zhu Sheng's suggestion of "building walls high, hoarding grain widely, and slowly becoming king" .Building a high wall means building a city for defense in preparation for war. Therefore, the Ming Dynasty not only built very strong city walls in all states and counties across the country, all made of bricks, but also built the Great Wall on the northern border.
In In the first year of Hongwu (AD 1368), the first year of the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang sent an army to Xu Da to build the Great Wall at Juyongguan and other places. In the fourteenth year of Hongwu (AD 1381), he also built the Great Wall at Shanhaiguan and other places. In the early 16th century, A section of the Great Wall along the Yellow River in Gansu Province (to Jingyuan in the south) was built, and the Great Wall at Jiayuguan and its nearby areas was built. During the more than two hundred years of the Ming Dynasty, the construction and defense of the Great Wall never stopped. It took more than 200 years before and after 1644 AD to basically complete the construction of the Great Wall. This Great Wall starts from the Yalu River in the east and reaches Jiayuguan in the west, with a total length of more than 14,600 miles, including from Shanhaiguan to the Yalu River. This section of the Great Wall was relatively simple in construction and suffered serious damage, while the section from Shanhaiguan to Jiayuguan was relatively solid and well-preserved. There are two passes facing each other from east to west, so people call the Great Wall the entire length starting from Shanhaiguan in the east and ending at Jiayuguan in the west. More than 12,000 miles, which is our existing Great Wall.
The Ming Dynasty was the heyday in the history of Great Wall construction. Among all dynasties, the construction of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty took the longest, was the largest, had the highest quality, and was of the highest quality. It is also the most beautiful. The Great Wall is tall and majestic, forming a strong east-west defense line in northern China.
The Great Walls built in the past dynasties are different in structure, construction methods and shapes. However, the basic principles of building the Great Wall are In other words, the past dynasties are completely different. This basic principle can be summarized by "adapting measures to local conditions and controlling obstacles according to dangers." The so-called adapting measures to local conditions refers to the construction of a structure skillfully based on the local topographic conditions. Engineering, secondly, refers to making full use of local natural resources to select appropriate materials as building materials. The so-called control of fortresses based on dangers mainly refers to the use of geographical and natural dangers to defend against enemies.
As a great fortification, the Great Wall It basically consists of three parts: the pass, the city wall and the tower, and the beacon tower.
The pass: the entire pass structure is generally composed of the square or polygonal city wall at the pass, the city gate, the gate tower, and the urn city. Some also have Luocheng and the moat.
City wall: The Great Wall wall here is generally very strong. The inner and outer eaves walls are mostly made of huge bricks, strips of stone, etc., filled with loess and gravel. The height is generally about ten meters. This not only makes it difficult for enemies attacking the city to climb, but also gives people a formidable feeling. The top of the city wall is generally wide enough for four horses to ride abreast, that is, four or five meters wide, so that troops can maneuver and transport grain, grass, weapons, etc. during battle. There are also horse paths and stairways leading up and down the city wall. Crenels for observation and shooting are built on the outer eaves of the city wall, and a female wall (yuqiang) is built on the inner eaves to protect people and horses from falling from the top of the wall. The role of falling.
City gate: The city gate is the passage for entry and exit in peacetime, and the exit for counterattacking the enemy in wartime. In the early days, wooden lintels were mostly used, but after the Yuan Dynasty, they were generally made of bricks or stones. Arch-shaped door opening. In order to increase the stability, a section of the platform near the city gate is mostly built with strips of stone. Many city gates are engraved with the name of the gate.
There are huge double wooden doors inside the door. The wooden doors are covered with iron sheets and inlaid with giant nails. The inside of the door is equipped with door bolts and lock rings, and some are also equipped with mechanisms.
City gate tower: Generally, there is a wooden door above the city gate. There is a city gate tower. It is the observation post and command post of the battle, and it is also a battle stronghold. The city gate towers are mostly one-, two- or three-story wooden structures and brick and wood structures, and their roofs are mostly square towers. .And the entire building is decorated with paint inside and outside. In this way, the entire city gate building not only has a colorful artistic image, but also adds to its dignified and majestic style to adapt to the battle function and aesthetic requirements.
Shuiguan: The Great Wall is located at the intersection of streams and river valleys. Various channel structures are designed for the purpose of water flow and defense. The more famous ones include Jiumenmen Great Wall, Badaling Shuiguan, Huangyaguan Great Wall Watergate, etc.
Moat (moat): Use the terrain to dig deep ditches for watering instead of city walls. Generally, there are moats around the city gate. It is formed when digging earthwork for city building, and later the river water is introduced to form the city gate. Another line of defense. Outside Shanhaiguan City, there is a moat about two feet deep and five feet wide, which forces the enemy to wade across the river to reach the city. This increases the difficulty of attacking the city and creates a shooting opportunity for the soldiers guarding the city wall. A favorable opportunity for the enemy.
Chengtai: Every two or three hundred meters on the Great Wall, a platform is built about one meter higher than the top of the wall. There are crenels on the outer wall. The city According to the purpose, the construction of the tower is divided into three types: wall platform, enemy tower (enemy tower) and battle tower.
Beacon tower: The beacon tower is in the form of an independent high platform with watch houses and watch towers on it. It is a device for burning smoke and setting fire. Below the platform are houses where soldiers live and guard, sheep and horse pens, warehouses and other buildings. The distance between beacon towers is about ten miles, and they are usually built on high hills and hills where it is easy to look at each other.
The significance of building the Great Wall
1. The military significance of building the Great Wall:
The Great Wall is the greatest military defense project in the ancient history of the world. It is not a simple and isolated line of city walls. , but from point to line, from line to surface, connecting the passes, military forts, Guancheng and military towns along the Great Wall into a tight network to form a complete defense system.
2. The impact of the Great Wall on ancient agricultural society:
The Great Wall was the guarantee of peace and stability in ancient Chinese agricultural society. Over the course of more than 2,000 years of history, rulers of successive dynasties relied on the Great Wall to repel the intrusions of northern nomads many times. , created a relatively peaceful production environment for the survival and development of the agricultural economy in feudal society, and also made people's lives more stable.
3. The Great Wall played a role in promoting the development of border areas
The construction of the Great Wall in the past dynasties was completed using the method of zoning, slicing, and section contracting. It mainly relied on troops and civilians mobilized from all over the Central Plains to promote the development of the border areas. This shows the hardship and greatness of the project. The Great Wall also shows The wisdom and strength of the Chinese people.
Activity class: The Great Wall around us
The wind is high and the clouds are clear, and the geese flying south can be seen. If you don’t reach the Great Wall, you are not a hero. It only takes 20,000 miles to travel. , the peak of Liupan Mountain, the red flag rolls in the west wind, today I have a long tassel in my hand, when will I tie the blue dragon.
——"Qing Ping Le Liu Pan Mountain" Mao Zedong, October 1935
This is A poem written by Mao Zedong during the Long March of the Red Army. Throughout the ages, how many people have asked themselves and spurred themselves on the idea that "if you don't reach the Great Wall, you are not a hero" as their greatest goal in this life. And we were born and grew up under the Great Wall. For The Great Wall has its own understanding and feelings. Students, let us speak freely, give full play to our talents, and show the Great Wall around us!
Reference materials:
Jiumenmen Great Wall
The Jiumenmen Great Wall Cultural Site is part of the Great Wall Cultural Site. It was listed as a national cultural relic protection unit in Liaoning Province in 1988. It is located in Xintaizi Village, 62.5 kilometers west of Suizhong County, Liaoning Province, and 8.75 kilometers southwest from Shanhaiguan. Kilometers. The mountains in the area around Jiumenmenkou are majestic and the peaks are overlapping. The section of the Jiumenmenkou Great Wall is well preserved. Its southern end starts from the dangerous peaks and cliffs and connects with the Great Wall coming from the direction of Shanhaiguan. From this mountain, it curves northward along the ridge. , to the foot of the mountain on the south bank of Jiujiang River, a hundred meters wide
A huge city bridge was built across the Jiujiang River, and then it went north and crawled on the steep slope. In addition, the Jiumenkou section of the Great Wall has 12 watchtowers, two battle towers, and sentry posts within less than two kilometers. Two towers, two beacon towers, as well as outer walls, outer trenches, etc., constitute an extremely complete and rigorous military defense project. According to documentary records, the west forehead of the Guan City is inscribed "Jingdong First Pass", which shows that it was the first pass in the Great Wall in history. The important position on the line. The city bridge across the river at the nine gates is unique. On the 100-meter-wide river channel, eight fusiform bridge piers are wrapped with huge stones to form nine water gates. The water gates all have wooden door leaves. , opened and closed as needed. The southern gate can pass through, and the northern gate can drain water. The upper part of the city bridge is a tall city wall, and a siege city is built at both ends of the river-crossing bridge. Especially when the river surges around the city and rushes down. , the scenery is even more spectacular. The wide riverbed under the Jiumenmen Crossing Bridge is all paved with large square stones, and the stones are interlocked with iron waists to form a regular stone-paved riverbed, which looks like a piece of stone. , so it is also called Jiumenmen "a stone pass". This kind of architectural structure is very rare and has high cultural relic value.
Dongjiakou Great Wall
Dongjiakou Great Wall stands in Located on the high mountains in the northeast of Zhicaoying Town, Funing County, Hebei Province, 38 kilometers away from the urban area of ??Qinhuangdao, it is one of the important pass of the Jizhen Great Wall built by Qi Jiguang, a famous military general in the Ming Dynasty. It protects Shanhaiguan, the "No. 1 Pass in the World" The north wing fortress of Guancheng. On the abrupt and dangerous mountain ridge, there are 36 enemy towers, 28 battle towers, and 16 beacon towers, with a total length of 8.9 kilometers, and the highest point is 556 meters above sea level. There are also 3 castles built. Originally, in addition to Outside the castle, the rest of the Great Wall is well preserved. This area of ??the Great Wall is built on a steep granite ridge. It is winding and majestic. It has complete in-depth defense military facilities and beacon fire smoke piers echoing each other. It displays the Ming Dynasty in all directions and on multiple levels. The unique features of the Great Wall's military defense system.
According to historical records, the Dongjiakou Great Wall was rebuilt on the basis of the original Northern Qi Great Wall. It was built in the 14th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1381 AD) and was initially a second-class border guardrail. The wall was rebuilt as a first-class side wall by Qi Jiguang in the fifth year of Longqing's reign in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1571). The Dongjiakou Great Wall has various architectural forms and extraordinary momentum, especially the stone coupons at the entrances of the three enemy towers of Lijialou, Chenjialou and Gengjialou. On the door stone, there are carved patterns such as lotus, Ruyiyun, double lion hydrangea, Panzhilian, iron flower and so on. Each pattern is lifelike, and the carving is very skillful and delicate.
According to investigation and research, Dongjiakou The main reason why the Great Wall Fortress is relatively well preserved is that after the construction of this section of the Great Wall, Qi Jiguang transferred 3,000 "Musketeers" from Jinhua Prefecture, Zhejiang Province. In order to stabilize the morale of the army, all the sergeants transferred there brought their families. Settling down to guard the border and protect the Great Wall. Dongjiakou is a typical village where the descendants of the Ming Dynasty city defenders live. As descendants of the Ming Dynasty city defenders, the Dongjiakou people have always cherished the Great Wall built by their ancestors as a "family heirloom". Now, these "Descendants of the Great Wall" include six surnames: Chen, Li, Geng, Sun, Zhao, and Zhang, with a total of 123 households and 439 people. In addition, this area has high mountains and dangerous roads, thorns, wild beasts, and few people. One of the reasons why the Jiakou Great Wall is relatively well preserved.
Banchangyu Great Wall
Banchangyu is 28 kilometers away from the urban area of ??Qinhuangdao. There are 3.5 kilometers of well-preserved walls spanning the steep mountain ridge to the north of the village. The Great Wall. According to historical records, the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty was built in the 14th year of Hongwu (1381). In the fifth year of Longqing (1571), when Qi Jiguang was appointed as the commander-in-chief of Jizhen, he sent Tan Lun, the general of the Chinese Army, to rebuild it again. On the basis of the stone-built Great Wall Bricks were added for repairs, and 50 brick watchtowers were added. 58 well-sealed Ming Dynasty Great Wall brick kilns have been excavated from the Banchangyu Great Wall brick kiln site. The kilns are filled with fired Great Wall bricks. This discovery Brick kiln, the top of the kiln is 25 centimeters above the ground. The top is made of clay, broken bricks and other layers. Through the partially uncovered kiln roof, you can see the kiln wall made of thick green bricks. Due to hundreds of years of sealing, The moisture in the kiln is very heavy, and the layers of Great Wall bricks are stacked as before. The diameter of the kiln mouth is 3.5 to 6 meters, and the depth of the kiln is 3.5 meters. The Great Wall bricks come in various specifications and weigh about 10.5 kilograms. According to preliminary estimates, the bricks in each kiln There are about 5,000 Great Wall bricks. Exploration has shown that dozens of such Mingchang bricks may be buried in the wider area of ??Banchang Valley.
City Brick Kiln.
Discussion: Do you also know the resources around us related to the Great Wall and the benefits it brings to the local area.
The Great Wall is wealth and a precious resource. We should How to protect her? Everyone started a group discussion. Through the discussion, everyone deeply understood the importance of protecting resources and the environment.
The link between war and peace - the ancient Great Wall
The Great Wall Practical significance
The construction of the Great Wall in ancient China, as a military defense facility, has long completed its historical mission, and brotherly nations have long since turned thousands of years of war into friendship. The success of this great project that has attracted worldwide attention The historical value lies in the fact that it has been transformed into a treasure of Chinese culture and a wealth of human culture. Today, when people refer to the Great Wall as one of the symbols of the Chinese nation, the Great Wall has taken on new practical significance.
The Great Wall embodies the hard work, intelligence, wisdom and hard work of the working people of the Chinese nation in all generations. It is a rich cultural heritage left to us by our ancestors, an immortal historical monument standing on the land of China, and the pride of human civilization. .Today, people can still discover from this massive and complex Great Wall the positive effects and profound effects on China’s politics, economy, military, history, geography, architecture, archaeology, literature, aesthetics, folk customs and other aspects. The cultural connotation, national spirit and national character. In people's minds, the Great Wall, an extremely majestic and vast landscape and an aesthetically masculine and tragic cultural carrier, is an encyclopedia covering more than two thousand years of the history of the Chinese nation and is "countless The great story of the Qing Dynasty formed a history of the earth." 25 Japanese scholar Inaba also said: "The culture of the Great Wall is profound and mysterious. If this hidden treasure can be explored, it may be possible to reveal the ancient and precious mysteries of China." Today's Chinese people have seen the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation from the culture of the Great Wall. They deeply feel that only a great nation can build a great Great Wall. This shows people that they must carry forward the past and carry forward this excellence. The cultural tradition and the national spirit of hard work, perseverance and perseverance have accelerated the construction of today's spiritual and material civilization.
For the Chinese, the Great Wall is a symbol of will, courage and strength. The Great Wall, with Its majestic appearance and strong and unyielding character symbolize the great power of the Chinese nation. This is the moment when the Chinese nation is in the most danger. The whole country sings "Build our new Great Wall with our flesh and blood", sharing the same hatred and bloody resistance against the enemy. It is a symbol refined and forged from Chinese. The long-term singing of "March of the Volunteers" has sublimated the Great Wall into the national spirit and consciousness in people's minds. After the founding of New China, this song was officially designated as the symbol of the People's Republic of China and the National People's Congress. The national anthem further strengthens this spirit and awareness. In the past, the Chinese people sang this majestic and loud song, and after eight years of bloody struggle, they finally defeated the Japanese invaders. Today, the spirit and awareness of the Great Wall are inspiring the Chinese people For the revitalization and prosperity of the Chinese nation, we must work together and work hard to build China's "new Great Wall" and create China's glory again.
This is the connotation of the Great Wall that best inspires the Chinese nation to forge ahead. At the same time, the Chinese nation continues to give the Great Wall a renewed meaning. This is the spirit and soul of the Great Wall!
Today, UNESCO lists the Great Wall as a world key cultural relic. Comrade Deng Xiaoping also wrote an inscription for the Great Wall: "Love me" China, build the Great Wall. "This not only enhances the pride, self-confidence and patriotic enthusiasm of the Chinese nation, but also has greater tourism value as a historical site and a world wonder." "During the Kangxi and Qianlong years of the Qing Dynasty, they had already realized the ornamental value of the Great Wall. Mao Zedong's song "Qinyuan Spring·Snow" "The scenery of the northern country, thousands of miles of ice, thousands of miles of snow drifting, looking inside and outside the Great Wall, only the vast mountains... Dancing silver snakes, originally riding wax figures, wanting to compete with the gods..." is a model work that combines the Great Wall with the magnificent rivers and mountains. As a landscape, the Great Wall is suitable for all seasons. It has the gentleness of spring and the warmth of summer. , the maturity of autumn, the severity of winter. As a scenic spot, the Great Wall records the rich history and culture of China for two thousand years. It is unimaginable for every tourist to understand China and understand China. It is unimaginable to not understand the Great Wall and not know the Great Wall. "You are not a true man if you have not visited the Great Wall", which has become a
It is with this kind of admiration and yearning for the Great Wall that hundreds of millions of Chinese and foreign people travel thousands of miles to visit the Great Wall to realize their day and night dreams and lifelong long-cherished wishes.
The Great Wall not only contributes to China's tourism industry, but also plays a positive role in carrying forward the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, promoting reform and opening up, foreign cultural exchanges and economic development. Therefore, we sing for the Great Wall today , is of great practical significance.