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Country name: State of Israel.
Independence Day: May 14 (1948). Israel declared its independence on May 1948. Although the Gregorian calendar is adopted in daily life in Israel, the Jewish calendar is adopted in national festivals. Therefore, the annual independence day is not necessarily May 14 of the Gregorian calendar.
National Day: May 14 (1948)
National flag: rectangular, with an aspect ratio of about 3: 2. The flag is white, with a blue broadband above and below. Blue and white come from the colors of shawls used by Jews in prayer. In the middle of the white flag is a blue six-pointed star, which is the star of King David of Israel in ancient times and symbolizes the power of the country.
National emblem: It is a rectangular coat of arms. There is a seven candlestick on the blue shield. According to records, this candlestick was used to light the altar of the temple in Jerusalem. The candlestick is decorated with olive branches on both sides, symbolizing the Jewish desire for peace. Under the candlestick is written "State of Israel" in Hebrew.
National anthem: "Song of Hope"
State dignitaries: President moshe katsav who took office in 2000; Ariel Sharon, Prime Minister, took office at 5438+0 in March 2006 and served as Prime Minister again in February 2003; Foreign Minister silvan shalom; Simon Perez, temporary speaker of the Minister of National Defense Shaul mofaz; Chief of Staff Moses Yaalon; General Secretary of Likud Group Maxim Levy.
Former Israeli Prime Minister Rabin committed to Middle East peace.
The Old City of Jerusalem in the Moonlight
Physical geography: According to 1947 United Nations resolution on the partition of Palestine, the area of the State of Israel is 14900 square kilometers. Located in the west of Asia, bordering Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, the Mediterranean Sea in the west and the Gulf of Aqaba in the south, it is the junction of Asia, Africa and Europe. Coastal areas are long and narrow plains, with mountains and plateaus in the east. It has a Mediterranean climate.
Population: 6.259 million (in 2000, including Jewish residents in the West Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem), of which Jews account for 76.7%, Arabs, Druze and others account for 23.3%. Hebrew is the national language, Arabic is the official language, and English is widely used. Judaism is the state religion, about 85% of the residents believe in Judaism, and 13% believe in Islam.
Jewish New Year wailing wall Prayer
Capital: In Tel Aviv when the People's Republic was founded, 1950 moved to Jerusalem, which is not generally recognized. 1On July 30th, 980, the Knesset passed a bill declaring Jerusalem as the "eternal and indivisible capital" of Israel, but the seat of its government is still in Tel Aviv. "[For the status and ownership of Jerusalem, Arab countries have always been controversial with Israel. Arab countries demand that "Israel withdraw from all Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Arab Jerusalem (referring to East Jerusalem)". Most countries that have diplomatic relations with Israel still have embassies in Tel Aviv. The population of Jerusalem is about 634,000 (2000). Comfort
"Shipbuilding", the landmark building of Haifa, a port city.
Brief history: Israel has a long history and is the birthplace of Judaism, Islam and Christianity, the three major religions in the world. The distant ancestor of the Jews was the Hebrews, a branch of the ancient Semitic people. At the end of 13 BC, he moved from Egypt to Palestine, and successively established the Kingdom of Hebrew and the Kingdom of Israel. In 722 BC and 586 BC, these two kingdoms were conquered by Assyrians and destroyed by Babylonians respectively. In 63 BC, the Romans invaded, and most Jews were driven out of Palestine and exiled to European and American countries. In the 7th century, Palestine was occupied by the Arab Empire, and Arabs became the vast majority of residents there. Palestine was annexed by the Ottoman Empire in the16th century. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, the Jewish bourgeoisie in Europe launched the "Zionist Movement", and 1897 established the "Zionist Organization of the Century". 19 17 British occupation of Palestine,165438+1the Balfour declaration was issued on 2 October.
Ake, the first world cultural heritage with a history of more than 5,000 years, is one of the oldest cities in the world.
He believes that "a Jewish homeland guaranteed by public law should be established for the Jewish nation in Palestine". 1922, the league of nations adopted the British "mandate rule" over Palestine, stipulating the establishment of a "Jewish national home" in Palestine. Later, Jews from all over the world moved to Palestine in large numbers. 1947165438+1On October 29th, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution to establish an Arab state and a Jewish state in Palestine. The State of Israel was formally established.
Gaza Strip and Jewish Settlements: Israeli Nuclear Situation
Politics: Israel is a parliamentary country, and parliamentary candidates are run by political parties. Israel has no constitution, only basic laws, such as the Knesset Law, the President Law and the Cabinet Law. The president is a symbolic head of state, and his functions are basically ceremonial. Parliament has the power to recall the president. The Cabinet is accountable to Parliament. Israel's electoral system >:>& gt Likud Group
The Cathedral of the Holy Sepulchre in the Old City of Jerusalem
Economy: For more than 50 years, Israel, with barren land and lack of resources, has adhered to the road of strengthening the country through science and technology, attached importance to education and personnel training, and made its economy develop rapidly. 1.999 per capita GNP 1.6 million US dollars. The development of high-tech industries in Israel has attracted worldwide attention, especially in the fields of electronics, communications, computer software, medical equipment, biotechnology engineering, agriculture and aviation. Israel is located on the edge of the desert, which is short of water resources. Severe water shortage has made Israel form a unique drip irrigation water-saving technology in agriculture, making full use of existing water resources and turning a large desert into an oasis. Farmers, who account for less than 5% of the total population, not only feed the people,
Travel is better than death.
It also exports a large number of high-quality fruits, vegetables, flowers and cotton. Jaffa Old Town >>& gt
The lowest park on earth.
Diplomacy: Carry out all-round diplomacy. Maintain traditional friendly relations with western countries; Maintain the status of strategic ally with the United States; Actively develop relations with CIS countries and eastern European countries; Promote the Middle East peace process and strive to achieve reconciliation with Arab countries; Expand relations with African and Asian countries.
Relations with China:1950 65438+1On October 9th, Israel announced its recognition of People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC). 199265438+1On October 24th, Israel established diplomatic relations with China at the ambassadorial level. From June 5 to February 2003, Israeli President katsav paid a state visit to China.
The population of Israel is about 6.5 million, including 5 million Jews, and the rest are mainly Arabs. Israelis are mostly immigrants, who are a fusion of different ethnic backgrounds, lifestyles, religious beliefs and cultural traditions. About 9 1% residents live in cities, and about 5% people are members of unique rural cooperatives-Kibbutz and Moshaf. Since King David established his capital about 3,000 years ago, the capital Jerusalem has been the center of Jewish history, spirit and nation. The main cities are Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Haifa, Beersheba and Netanya, while Eilat Tel Aviv is the national industrial, commercial, financial and cultural center. The official languages are Hebrew and Arabic, and English and Russian are also widely used.
Israel is located in the Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea in the west, bordering Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt, and is the intersection of Europe, Asia and Africa. Israel has a long and narrow territory, covering an area of about 22,000 square kilometers. Israel is small in size, but rich in landform features, ranging from verdant plateau to fertile green valley, from hilly desert to coastal plain, from Jordan Valley with subtropical climate to the Dead Sea, the lowest point on the earth. The climate in Israel is characterized by abundant sunshine, and the rainy season is 165438+ 10 to April of the following year. The diversity of Israel's flora and fauna reflects its geographical location, various landforms and climate.
Israel is a parliamentary democracy with three powers: legislative, executive and judicial. The head of state is the president and a symbol of national unity and sovereignty. At present, this position is held by moshe katsav. The Knesset is the legislative body of Israel, consisting of 120 members. It is elected by direct national universal suffrage every four years, and the leader of the parliamentary majority party is appointed as the Prime Minister of the government. . The government headed by the Prime Minister is responsible for administration, internal affairs and diplomacy.
As the cradle of monotheism, Israel is known as the "Holy Land" of many holy places and places of worship of Judaism, Christianity, Islam and Baha 'i (Gundam 1999). Judaism is 78.5%, Islam 15.0%, Christianity is 2. 1% and Druze/Kloc.
200 1 annual GNP1106.23 million USD, per capita GNP 17 180 USD, unemployment rate 9.3%, inflation index 1.4%, and net foreign debt 4.279 billion USD. Currency: New Israeli shekel (NIS).