2. What are the contents and characteristics of the PDCA cycle?

(1) Planning stage (P): Based on customer requirements and organizational policies, establish the goals and processes of the system , determine the resources required to achieve results, and identify and respond to risks and opportunities;

(2) Implementation phase (D): Execute the plan;

(3) Inspection Stage (C): Monitor and measure the process and the resulting products and services (when applicable) according to the policies, goals, requirements and planned activities, and report the results;

(4) Disposal stage (A): When necessary, take steps to improve performance. Successful experiences should be turned into standards and implemented according to the standards in the future; lessons from failures should be summarized to prevent recurrence; remaining issues that have not been resolved should be transferred to the next round of PDCA cycle. As a scientific method of quality management, the PDCA cycle is applicable to all aspects of quality work in all aspects of the organization. No one of the four stages can be missing; at the same time, large links are nested within small links, and they are interlocking, organically linking all the work of the organization through each cycle. PDCA is an upward spiral cycle. With each cycle, product quality, process quality or system quality is improved by one step. _

Chapter 3 Basic Work of Total Quality Management

1. Fill in the blanks

1. Japanese quality management master Kaoru Ishikawa once said a famous saying, "Quality begins with quality" At (education), finally (education). ?

2. A standard refers to a standard (specification) that is formulated in a coordinated manner and approved by a recognized organization to obtain (best order) within a certain range, and is guaranteed to be used uniformly and repeatedly. sex) document.

3. Quality information is generated in the entire process of quality formation (meaningful data) and is the basis for quality management work.

4. Enterprise standards can be divided into (technical standards), (management standards) and work standards. Among them (technical standards) are an important prerequisite for enterprises to achieve product quality and are the core of enterprise standardized management systems.

5. When an enterprise implements total quality management, it must be supported by both a technical foundation and a management foundation. The technical foundation generally includes (standards), metrology, (inspection and testing), certification and accreditation, quality informatization, etc., of which the first four are collectively referred to as the National Quality Technical Foundation (NQI) at the national level; the management foundation includes quality responsibility system, education and training, Internal and external communication mechanisms, etc.

6. There are many categories of training content, which can generally be divided into quality awareness education, quality knowledge education and professional skills training. Among them, (quality knowledge education) mainly refers to concepts, principles, norms, standards, tools, methods and experiences in quality management.

7. (Quality responsibility system) generally includes the responsibility system of administrative leadership at all levels of the organization, the responsibility system of functional agencies, as well as the responsibility system of workshops, teams and individuals.

8. The enterprise establishes a measurement management system based on relevant standards to ensure that (measurement equipment) and (measurement process) can meet the intended purpose.

9. (Measurement) is an activity to achieve unit unification and ensure accurate and reliable values. It is a basic work of quality management. According to its role and status, it can be divided into (scientific metrology), (engineering metrology) and (legal metrology).

10. According to the classification of inspection stages, quality inspection methods can be divided into (incoming inspection), (process inspection) and final inspection.

11. Quality certification refers to the (certification agency) certification that products, services, and management systems comply with the mandatory requirements or standards of relevant technical specifications (conformity assessment activities), which can be divided into (product quality certification) and (quality management system certification) two categories.

2. True or False Questions

1. According to the binding classification of standards, standards can be divided into national standards and enterprise standards. (X)

2. The accuracy of measurement refers to the measurement accuracy based on the unified unit of measurement, no matter what method is used at any time, what measuring instrument is used, and who measures it, as long as it meets the relevant requirements , the measurement results should be consistent within the given interval. (X)

3. The quality problems existing in the enterprise can be solved through quality education and training, and by making up for the lack of quality knowledge and skills of employees.

(X)