Confucius’ famous sayings

If you don’t learn etiquette, you can’t stand up;

Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you;

What you want to do to yourself If you stand up and stand up for others, if you want to reach others, you will reach others;

If you are humble and generous to others, you will be far away from resentment;

When you see the virtuous, you think about them, and when you see the virtuous, you are indifferent. Self-examination;

When three people walk together, they must have a teacher. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones;

Live respectfully, be respectful when working, and treat others with respect. Loyalty;

A gentleman is respectful and courteous, and he is respectful and courteous to others. He is a brother in the world.

He is loyal in words and respectful in actions. Even in a barbaric country, he will do so. . If you are not faithful in words and respectful in deeds, how can you do it even if you live in the state?

He who behaves in his own way is shameful and can be used in all directions without insulting the emperor's orders. He can be called a scholar;

Confucius said: "Those who can do the five are considered benevolent in the world." Please ask.

Said: "Gong, generosity, trust, sensitivity, and benefit. Being respectful means not insulting, being lenient means winning people, being trustworthy means letting people do what they want, being sensitive means doing merit, and being merciful means being able to win over others."

A gentleman takes righteousness as a pledge, conducts it with propriety, develops it as a grandson, and fulfills it with faith. What a gentleman! ;

To make mistakes without correcting them is to make mistakes!

If you make mistakes, you will be in a hurry to change;

If you don’t express your anger, you won’t make mistakes;

Three armies can seize the commander, but an ordinary man cannot seize the will!

If a person has no long-term worries, he will have immediate worries;

If there is no desire for haste, there will be no small gains;

If you want haste, you will not achieve what you want;

If you see small gains, great things will not be accomplished;

If you do not hold on to your virtues and do not have a firm belief, how can you live or die;

When you make friends, just talk. Have faith;

Meet friends with literature, and assist benevolence with friends;

Three friends will benefit you, and three friends will harm you;

Friends are straight, friends are forgiving, friends are knowledgeable, Benefit. A friend is friendly and gentle, and a friend is sycophantic, which is a loss;

A gentleman wants to be slow in words but quick in deeds;

A gentleman has no food to eat and no need to live in peace, so he is smart. If you are cautious about things and careful about your words, you will be righteous and righteous, and you can be said to be eager to learn;

Clever words confuse morality.

Knowledge of words and beauty, freshness of benevolence;

Strongness, perseverance, woodiness, and simplicity are close to benevolence;

Those who are virtuous must cultivate their words, and those who are eloquent do not need to cultivate their virtues. ;

Listen to his words and observe his actions;

You do not use your words to lift people up, and you do not use people to waste their words;

The ancients did not speak out their words; A gentleman's name must be eloquent, and his words must be actionable. A gentleman is just unscrupulous in his words;

You can talk but not follow. If you talk too much, you will lose someone; if you talk to someone you cannot talk to, you will lose your words. A person who knows does not miss people, nor does he miss words;

To say something that has not yet been mentioned is called impatience; to talk about something without speaking is called concealment; to say that the color is not seen is called blindness;

< p>If you are fond of benevolence and don't learn, you will be blind; if you love knowledge but not learn, you will be blind; if you are trustworthy and don't learn, then you will be a thief; if you love straightness but not learn, then you will be blind; good. If you are brave and don't want to learn, you will be confused; if you are tough and don't learn, you will be crazy;

Being respectful but rude will lead to fatigue; being cautious but rude will lead to confusion; being brave but rude will lead to chaos; being straight and rude Ritual is the key;

Serve the king with respect, and then eat the food;

The use of ritual, harmony is the most valuable;

Practice with profit in mind, and do more Resentment;

Don’t worry about what others don’t know, but worry about what others don’t know;

Three thousand disciples, seventy-two sages;

Learn and practice from time to time Isn’t it a pleasure? Isn’t it great to have friends from far away? ;

Isn’t it a gentleman if a person doesn’t know something but doesn’t feel embarrassed? ;

When the year is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will wither;

The wise will enjoy the water, and the benevolent will enjoy the mountains. The wise are active, the benevolent are still. The wise are happy and the benevolent live long. ;

Is it tolerable, which one is intolerable?

Laozi’s famous sayings

1. View of the universe

“Tao gives birth to one, one gives rise to two, two gives rise to three, and three gives rise to all things.” ．Ji Mo! Being independent and unchanging, I can be the mother of the world. I don’t know its name. The name of Qiang is Da. , the sky is big, the earth is big, the king is big. There are four big things in the domain, and the king is one. Human beings follow the earth, earth follows the sky, heaven follows the Tao, and the Tao follows nature. The mother of things. Therefore, there is always nothing, so as to observe its wonders; both come from the same place, but have different names. , "Being and nonbeing arise from each other, difficulty and difficulty complement each other, length and weakness are in harmony, sound and sound are in harmony, and front and back follow each other."

2. Values

< p>Nothing, Dao, and Virtue

Laozi's values ??are composed of "wu", "dao" and "virtue".

When Laozi said "nothing", he said: "Everything in the world is born from existence, and existence is born from nothingness." When the universe has not yet been formed, everything will not exist, so it is called "nothing". The heaven and earth first opened to form the universe, so it is called "being". "All things" are derived from "being", and "being" is derived from "nothing". Everything in the world starts from "being" and ends with "nothing".

When Laozi talks about "Tao", he once said: "There is something mixed, born in advance of heaven and earth, lonely and lonely, independent and not changing, moving around without peril, it can be the mother of the world, I don't know its name , the word is called Tao, and the strong name is called Da. "Laozi believes that "Tao" is the essence of the universe and the source of all things, so he says: "Tao gives birth to one, one gives birth to two, two gives birth to three, and three gives birth to all things." "Tao" Born before all things in heaven and earth, it exists independently and eternally outside of all things. It circulates continuously, pervading all things in heaven and earth, and will never stop. Laozi also believed that "Tao" is intangible and indescribable, so he said: "The shape of the formless, the spring of nothing." It can only be represented by "Tao", and it can also be called "big". Therefore, it is said: "Tao can be Tao, but it is not Tao. It can be named, but it is not named. Wu is named the beginning of heaven and earth; existence is named the mother of all things." It means that "Tao" is mysterious and profound, and it is difficult for ordinary people to understand and describe. If words can be used to describe "Tao", it is not the real "Tao". When all things in the universe were formed, humans would give names to all things, but they were not the real names of things, because all things in the world were derived from "Tao". Human beings are one of all things in nature, so they must abide by the laws of nature. Therefore, it is said: "Man follows the earth, the earth follows the sky, heaven follows the Tao, and the Tao follows nature." "Tao" gives vitality to all things so that each can live its life, so Laozi believes that " "Tao" is the master of all things.

Laozi talks about "virtue" and believes that "virtue" is the embodiment of "dao", and "virtue" should be subordinate to "dao", so he said: "The appearance of Confucius' virtue is only obeyed by Tao." Taoism emphasizes that people should practice the Tao well in order to help themselves cultivate themselves and avoid making mistakes.

Keep the softness

Laozi said "Keep the softness", and he said: "The most soft in the world, the most strong in the world." The reason why "Tao" can circulate endlessly is, Because "Tao" possesses the characteristics of weakness, he said: "The weak are weak." Laozi used "water" as a metaphor: "Nothing in the world is softer than water, and no one can conquer a strong enemy. "Easy." He also said: "Weakness overcomes strength, and softness overcomes hardness. No one in the world knows it, and no one can do it." Laozi emphasizes the use of softness to overcome hardness, and believes that "the strong will not die." The purpose is to teach people to be humble and submissive. , retreat to advance. If a person is like this, he can be wise and wise to protect himself, so it is said: "Know the male, guard the female, and be open to the world; be open to the world, never leave the virtue, and return to the baby." This means that people can be ambitious, but they should not be aggressive and eager to win. Adhere to the way of being weak and humble, and maintain your simple nature. Lao Tzu emphasizes "keeping gentleness" because he believes that except for "Tao", everything in the world will eventually decline. Therefore, it is said: "The wind will not end, and the rain will not end." Laozi also believes that the world is unpredictable, so he said: "Blessings come from disasters, and misfortunes come from blessings." Laozi emphasized "keeping gentleness" and asked people to be clear. Stay humble and guard yourself, don't be strong and eager to win, otherwise you will not end well.

Stay behind and not fight

Lao Tzu believes that people should have the mentality of "staying behind and not fighting". He once said: "I have three treasures, hold on to them and protect them; the first is compassion, the second is frugality. , The third one is to dare not be the first in the world. A husband can be brave because of his kindness; he can be broad because he is thrifty. He can become a leader only if he does not dare to be the first in the world. "Only those who are kind, frugal, and humble can have moral courage and then gain wisdom. Give to others, gain respect and support, and become a great weapon. Lao Tzu once said: "The sage follows his body first, and his body exists outside his body. It is not because he is selfless, so he can achieve his selfishness." As long as people can give up the desire to be first and win, and understand clearly that "it is not as good as holding on to it and enriching it." "It's true that you can't protect yourself if you are rich and arrogant." Don't rely on your own intelligence, because your sharpness will be too obvious. You should adopt the attitude of retreating in order to advance, so as to achieve the state of "the husband will not fight, so no one in the world can fight with him."

Have few desires

Lao Tzu said that people should have "little desires", so he said: "No crime is greater than what you want, no harm is greater than not being satisfied, and no blame is greater than what you want. Therefore, contentment "Sufficiency, always enough." If a person has the heart of "desire" and "dissatisfaction", then greed will arise on his own. Only the satisfaction brought by "contentment" is true satisfaction. Lao Tzu pointed out: "The five colors blind, the five tones deafen, and the five tastes refresh the mouth." Indulging in sensual pleasures and materialistic desires can make people dizzy and damage the body's senses and spirituality. Therefore, Lao Tzu requires people to "have no desires" and "get rid of desires", so he said: "This is why a sage should get rid of excess, luxury, and peace." He also said: "He who is good at being a scholar does not use martial arts. He who is good at fighting does not get angry. He who is good at defeating the enemy Those who make good use of people should be "simple in their daily life and dealing with others, and have few selfish desires" to achieve the state of "being content without being humiliated, knowing that you will not be in danger, and you can last for a long time".

3. Political View

Wuwei

“If you don’t have good people, the people won’t fight; if you don’t value hard-to-find goods, the people won’t steal; if you don’t see what you want, To make the mind undisturbed, the sage treats: emptying the heart, strengthening the belly, weakening the will, and strengthening the bones. If the people are often ignorant and have no desire, the wise will not dare to do anything, and then everything will be cured."

"Inaction" cannot be understood as doing nothing. "Huainanzi·Yuan Dao Xun": "Doing nothing and doing it is consistent with Dao". Taoist "inaction" means tranquility and self-preservation, and it is the ideal state of "being in line with the Tao" that Taoists aim to achieve by cultivating themselves with the "Tao". If you can reach this ideal state, you can do anything (do nothing but do nothing).

Be good at being inferior

"In ancient times, those who were good as soldiers did not use force, those who were good at fighting did not get angry, those who were good at defeating the enemy did not fight, and those who were good at using benevolence were inferior. This is called the virtue of not fighting. "Using human strength is the best way to match the ancients." "There is a saying in military use: "I dare not act as a guest, and I dare not advance an inch." This means that if you have no action and no arms, you will still be able to fight. Invincible, holding without soldiers. There is no greater disaster than underestimating the enemy. Underestimating the enemy will cost us our treasure. Therefore, if the resisting troops add up, the sad ones will win. ”

4. Theory of Knowledge

“He who knows others is wise, and he who knows himself is wise. He who conquers others is powerful, and he who conquers himself is strong. Those who are content are rich, and those who are ambitious are forced. He who does not lose his place will live long, and he who dies but does not die will live long. ""The saint has no heart, but takes the people's heart as his heart. I will do good to those who are good, and I will do good to those who are not good to achieve good. I believe in those who believe, I believe in those who don’t believe, and I believe. When a saint is in the world, he is terrified; for the sake of the world, his heart is clear. The common people pay attention to his ears and eyes, and the saints all pay attention to him. " "Knowing but not knowing is the best; not knowing is the disease. Therefore, saints do not get sick. Because it is sick, it is not sick. ”