Review of Notes on Mountain Residence 1 A thousand-year-old historical picture is spread out in front of me, and vivid figures, shocking historical deeds, terrible dynasty tyranny, miserable people's lives and numb social etiquette penetrate into my brain bit by bit. With Yu's journey, the structure of the historical map gradually unfolded in his mind, just like a drop of ink in the water, slowly rendering away. I was taken to that era to observe the contest between good and evil in ancient life.
Ye Luo's "It is easy to go home without a road, and how many things in the world are worth worrying about"; Wen Xian's hair is like snow and his heart is like death, and he is the first person in Chang 'an. Zhao Huan's poem "A laurel tree sprinkles its temples, and tears drop thousands of miles". Where do these sad and frustrated poems come from? Everything is a scourge left by the scientific system. The imperial examination system is essentially a civil service selection system, which combines literature and politics. The disadvantages of selecting officials were gradually recognized and improved by predecessors, from the "imperial examination system" in the Han Dynasty to the "nine-grade system" in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the imperial examination system in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, which lasted for more than 1300 years and was really abolished until 1905.
Although the imperial examination system played a positive role in the early stage, it did more harm than good in the middle and late stage. With an understanding of Jin Fan and Kong Yiji, we can know that under the shadow of this dark cloud, people's hearts are polluted and people are worried; The means of officialdom are more vulgar, and people have become sophisticated. The original blue sky is no longer clear. At that time, the gains and losses of the imperial examination had become a major social proposition involving family, relatives, hometown and surname honor and disgrace, far from being a personal matter. The great contrast of social treatment between new graduates and losers; Candidates stay in Beijing all their lives to retake the exam, but they can't see their wives and children again before they die, and finally they can only die of depression ... On the one hand, the imperial examination system is also humanized. Candidates can take the exam through self-recommendation and self-recommendation, but they will also be subjected to many secret tricks.
Not only the personality of candidates is distorted by the poisonous gas of the imperial examination system, but even the examiner has become the undertaker of the evil of the imperial examination system. Most examiners are overwhelmed by the power of officialdom, otherwise they will be treated unfairly, such as being demoted and transferred. But they also have their own interests, and their social prestige is unparalleled. They can solemnly thank the Jinshi and reward them for life, and even apologize for their death. China culture pays attention to details, but this habit is used in exams, which leads to the tragedy of thousands of candidates who have experienced the imperial examination system. Examiners often deny the overall cultural level of candidates through small clerical errors, but they are also affected and have to bear great psychological suffering.
However, the complete failure of the imperial examination lies in its content. The appearance of stereotyped writing, in particular, has seriously bound people's thoughts, destroyed the innovative spirit of literati, cultivated a lot of waste for ancient China society, and resisted commercial civilization with the imperial examination system. In my opinion, this is just a tragedy of another era.
In Notes on Mountain Residence, the chapter of 100,000 literati is deeply remembered. Looking back on the muddy road that China has traveled for more than 1300 years, I seem to hear the long hooves of candidates rushing to Beijing to take the exam, setting off a red dust. ...
Read "Notes on Mountain Residence 2". When I read the beginning of Notes on Mountain Exile, I was quite puzzled: an article by Yu Dawenhao actually started with buying melons! I don't understand. What does this have to do with exile? However, when the eyes looked down again, all doubts vanished.
It is mentioned in the article that sweet northern melon is a place called "Ninggu Pagoda" in ancient times and a hell for countless prisoners for hundreds of years. No matter how good this place is, it is impossible to cultivate northern melons. What happened?
When I first read the word "Ningguta", to be honest, I was still wondering whether the tower was high or not. You don't know what an absurd idea this is until you read it. The word "Ningguta" is completely based on the phonology of Manchu people, which means "six" ("Gu Ning" means "six" and "tower" means "one"). There is good reason to say that this is the most unlucky spell in the whole country. When we arrived here, it all ended overnight. What wealth, reputation, honor, knowledge, and even the fate of the whole family will fall into the endless abyss of darkness, so it is not unreasonable for this "Ningguta" to be called the nightmare of all officials and the rich.
Ok, forget all the people here, but there are more ways to kill people here, which is amazing! The article mentioned that Emperor Jiaqing killed a chef who used a knife like him. Because it was not described in the article, he deliberately looked it up on the Internet (cut 3357 knives and take a rest with 10 knife first). On the first day, I cut 357 knives, such as a big nail slice, and cut my chest for 3 days. ) Although I haven't eaten for several days like Yu Dawei, I almost threw up everything I ate that night! Generally speaking, Ningguta really expels humanity, morality, faith, tolerance and peace.
"Notes on the Land of Mountain Refugees" wrote something like this: after an exam, the scholars who failed in the exam complained one after another, and they made it up without any basis, saying that the examiner and the Anhui youth who took the exam were "distant relatives." It happened that these hearsay stories were heard by an official and played by the emperor. This time it was fun, and all the examiners and related students took care of it: those who should be executed, those who should be slaves, and even other relatives were spared. Thus, China ancient punishment is heavy.
But perhaps it is these literati who watered this land with their own cultural blood that made this "hellish" land grow sweet northern melons! Perhaps this is the spiritual destination of literati. Only by throwing away everything outside our bodies can we change our minds by going up a flight of stairs!
A few words mentioned at the end of the article made me a little confused:
1, civilization may produce barbarism and barbarism, but it never likes barbarism. We can survive suffering, but we will never praise it. We are not afraid of persecution, but we are not sure of persecution.
These noble people are stupid, but smart people are lowly people. But this distinction between stupidity and cleverness belongs to the category of "skill" and has nothing to do with "Tao" ...
The first sentence thought for a night and came to this conclusion:
Civilization grows in barbarism, but when it reaches a certain level, it does not support barbarism. By the same token, all of us can survive in adversity and improve our quality, but not everyone likes suffering. After all, if the suffering is beyond your tolerance, the consequences will be unimaginable. We are not afraid of natural and man-made disasters, but can we be sure?
As for the second sentence, I'm sorry that a seventh-grade junior high school student's thinking ability is really limited ... please help me solve it!
In recent days, I have the honor to read Mr. Yu's Notes on Mountain Living. According to my original reading habit, because it is Mr. Yu's work, I am going to take notes before reading-new notes. Prepare to record rich words, wonderful sentences and paragraphs as reading notes! However, I was disappointed after reading it. Don't say flowery words and wonderful paragraphs, I haven't even seen one or two uncommon words. After reading a sentence, I feel that there is not a word missing, and I can't express what the author wants to say. Even changing a similar word will make the sentence inaccurate and not profound. -Is that what everyone writes? Simplicity is permeated with beauty. From this book, I can see that as long as I have a third-year education level, as long as I have profound thoughts and essence, I can write good articles.
In this book, Mr. Yu deeply analyzes the people's own bad things, such as lies, jealousy and villains. The author is not aiming at the individual, but exploring and thinking about the wholeness of the whole. From the origin, development to the external environment, and the most essential root of this thought and practice. Of course, the author also gives the prescription of treatment. In my understanding, the essence of prescription is self-awareness and thinking, and thinking plays a decisive role. As long as you have the depth of thinking, you can grasp the essence of things and grasp the essence. Is there any problem that cannot be solved?
When it comes to ideas, broad ideas are expressed in words, but not all gorgeous and beautiful words are used to express ideas. Profound thoughts are often expressed in simple or even plain language. Ideas and ideas are different, just like the contrast between a strategy and a battle. Thought considers grand problems, while thought is the realization of thought, partial and one-sided, and it is a drop in the ocean of thought. With thoughts, we can have concrete ideas to practice and realize step by step.
Only with profound thoughts can we grasp the essence of things and see the essence of things from the superficial phenomena that have been disturbed one after another. When you find the essence, you find the solution to the problem. There is a story in Notes of Hou Weidong Officialdom that impressed me deeply. Zhou Changquan has three secretaries who are his right-hand men. Among them, Huang is good at conspiracy, and Hong Ang is good at conspiracy. He is a good cook and focuses on practical work. Zhou Changquan, who took over as party secretary, didn't think much of these three people, and Hong Gang was not promoted when he was secretary of the Commission for Discipline Inspection for several years. Hong Gang has many ideas. Hong Gang showed his specialty and played a public plan with the Party secretary. In the name of the secretary of discipline inspection, he gave the secretary a severe briefing. There are various reasons for writing the report, but his original intention is to catch a fugitive, and many officials are involved with the fugitive. Therefore, as long as the fugitive is caught and the officials are involved, regardless of whether the secretary is involved or not, the secretary will be given a disciplinary action of poor leadership or lax definition, and the secretary will be transferred, and Hong Ang himself will have a chance of promotion. Things developed as he thought, and his purpose was soon achieved.
This is a little sentiment, there is no right or wrong, just a profound and not profound question. I haven't finished reading this book yet, so I'll write and read while reading! Also use this to practice writing. Anyone who has read this book can communicate with each other.
The first "encounter" between Notes on Mountain Residence and this book was an encounter in a bookstore.
The first thing that attracted me was, of course, its first chapter-the back of a dynasty. It did not describe how brilliant the Qing Dynasty was at the beginning, but approached it as an open-minded tourist, visited the spectacular sites created by the Qing Dynasty and spied its dazzling glory. What a difficult dynasty this dynasty was. Fortunately, there were several monarchs: Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. I admire Kangxi most, and I appreciate his consciousness when he expressed whether to continue to build the Great Wall: the only way to defend the country is to live in Xiu De. What the people like, what the country wins, and what the border is solid. But I am also sorry that the Qing Dynasty was defeated by a woman. ...
After a chapter, I was moved by it and decided to be "friends" with this book.
I have read one or two hundred old gentlemen's books before, and I feel that his analysis of people and things hits the nail on the head, and he can always reach the center in the most concise language. The Notes on Mountain Residence more embodies the multi-level analysis of people and human nature, and gradually clears the fog for readers and sees the essence clearly. Just like a sentence in Peach Blossom Spring, "It was very narrow at first, but it was easy to understand people. After a few steps, I suddenly became enlightened. "
Thank this friend for letting me see the dark corner of the calendar. In the chapter "Su Dongpo's Breakthrough", in order to show the strangeness of China's secular social mechanism, that is, "on the one hand, he is willing to spread and spread the reputation of a cultural celebrity, use it, extract it and seduce it, on the other hand, he is essentially regarded as an alien, and sooner or later he will reject him, ruin him and destroy him", and he lists five libels against Su Dongpo. There are two high-ranking officials in North Korea, such as Li Ding, but an unfilial person also slanders Su Shi for his ignorance and poor diction. And Li Yizhi, a local official. He insisted on slandering Su Shi for writing a poem when he was visiting a garden in Anhui. The content of the poem is that people don't need to be keen on being officials. He wrote to the emperor to expose Su Shi on the grounds that the poem was not ambitious enough and would affect the election of officials. The absurdity of the reason is really ridiculous. Perhaps a small person like him would not be known to future generations if he had not caught up with the anti-Soviet upsurge in the ruling and opposition parties and got involved in it. And the great man who slandered Su Shi. He is Shen Kuo, an ancient scientist in China. He was jealous that Su Shi won the praise of the holy family and the people with his writing style, so he often spoke ill of Su Shi in front of the holy family. It can be seen that a person's greatness on the one hand does not hinder his initiative on the other. The examples chosen by the author seem to be messy but imply profound meaning: the ministers of the DPRK just vilified Su Shi, and even officials as big as sesame and mung beans dared to get their hands on them, even the "great men" with outstanding political achievements, which shows the darkness and sadness of China's secular social mechanism. Under this mechanism, even the history of great men can't escape the bad luck of being framed, so many unknown literati are treated inhumanely.
Now it seems that this mechanism still exists, and how many people have been concerned by many parties because of their brilliant achievements, and then questioned by many parties, and finally they can't escape bad luck. Like Hemingway and Yasunari Kawabata, they both committed suicide shortly after winning the Nobel Prize. Looking around, maybe we have heard or experienced a mountain of loss of power ourselves. After a person fails, there will always be many people around him who exert cold and indifferent violence on him, and even throw him when he's down. In fact, this mechanism is not a patent of China, and it may be more prominent in China. I dare not say that this mechanism comes from people's bad habits, but we should reflect calmly, at least we can't be that despicable person and hinder the world from creating greatness.
Thanks to my friend Shan's notes, which let me see deeper problems. I will also learn from history and live up to my acquaintance with it.
After reading "Notes on Mountain Residence", I accidentally glanced at the bookshelf, and "Notes on Mountain Residence" came into view with books. I feel that the sun has set, and I can't help but feel a little strange, because I actually smell something from those casually written words. To be exact, I found an unprecedented feeling collision between the lines, perhaps this is what is usually called spiritual resonance!
Notes on Mountain Residence starts from the back of a dynasty and ends in the dark corner of history. I lead us to browse the traces of time in the landscape and recall the rise and fall of history in front of the ancient temple. He takes us to read the vicissitudes of China more deeply. He looked sadly at the back of a dynasty and told us about the ups and downs of the Qing Dynasty. From a summer resort, he read that several generations of kings in the Qing Dynasty were either brilliant or ignorant, prosperous or declining, or heroic or cowardly. He looked at a fragile capital with heartache, telling the story of civilization and barbarism, past and future. He told Su Dongpo's greatness and grievance, chic and sadness with reverence. With its concise and gorgeous language, vivid and exquisite metaphor and compact and ingenious article layout, I told us about the long and thick history of China.
Yu visited Chinese civilization for us by personal travel and personal experience. He went to look for cultural sites, cultural sites, and then told us his surprise, sadness, regret and emotion. Every paragraph of text and the past have brought us a strong shock. I have to admire Mr. Yu's extensive knowledge and profound taste. The whole book is full of his brilliant and profound knowledge, and each chapter is full of a lot of historical materials, famous sayings and various literary knowledge. I am amazed at the breadth of knowledge involved in the whole book.
In addition, reading Mr. Yu's answers to classmates' questions at the end of the book made me respect him even more. There is such a passage that I still remember. "Q: In recent years, there have been a lot of comments on you in newspapers and magazines, some of which are obviously malicious. Why don't you refute? " A: Some articles use sharp words, but they also point out some mistakes or doubts in my articles. For example, this is an invaluable gift with a rough package. At most, you can only say' bad words', not' malice'. "Such a generous attitude, such a tolerant atmosphere, once again let me know the master's demeanor! Let me respect such a writer of the new era.
After reading "Notes on Mountain Residence", I only feel a little heavy, with historical precipitation and cultural accumulation. Mr. Yu told me that a thousand years is not as good as running water, as Chen Ziang described in You Zhou Tower: "Where is the time that passed before me?" Behind me, where are the future generations? I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, my tears fall. " Therefore, I feel that he only has rich knowledge, and I share his breath: the sufferings of exiles, the struggles of scholars, and the ferocity of young people ... It seems that there is only one word "gray" in the Millennium scroll-it is hard to breathe, and this is the prosperity of China's history for 5,000 years. What kind of naked defeated scene is hidden under the surface? Has human civilization progressed? Why do you suddenly find that things around you have a historical reappearance?
Whether he is an emperor, a scholar or a grass-roots person, whether his position is noble or humble, he first exists as an independent person. Whether he is immortal or immortal is a personal choice. Some people find their place for the country on that page of history, and some people judge his success or failure!