1. The classical Chinese Teng Wengong is selected from the original text and translation of Mencius Teng Wengong.

Mencius said, "Today, some people are busy with their neighbors' chickens, or accuse them of stubbornness:' It is a gentleman's way'. Say:' please damage it, busy a chicken next month, and then it's gone. If you know it is wrong, it will be too late. Why wait until next year? "

Mencius said: Now there is a man who steals a chicken from his neighbor's house every day. Someone advised him: "(doing) such a thing is not the behavior of a moral person." The person who stole the chicken said, "(All right), please allow me to reduce it a little.". I will steal a chicken every month and stop until next year. " If you know it's not polite, you will stop at once. Why wait until next year?

2. Teng Wengong translated by Mencius and Teng Wengong translated by Mencius

original text

Teng Wengong asked, "Teng is a small country between Qi and Chu. Is everything all right? What's wrong? "

Mencius said to him, "This is beyond my power. If there is no self, there is a flaw: it is also possible to dig a pool to build a city and keep it with the people. It is possible to die and the people will leave. "

translate

Teng Wengong asked, "Tengguo is a small country, sandwiched between Qi and Chu. Is it to rely on Qi or Chu? "

Mencius replied, "I can't plan this problem." If I have to say it, there is only one way: dig a moat, build a strong wall, and guard with the people. I would rather give my life than flee, so it will be easy. "

3. Mencius's

Mencius said, "Today, some people are busy with their neighbors, or they are stubborn:' It is the way of a gentleman'. Say:' please damage it, busy a chicken next month, and then it's gone. If you know it is wrong, it will be too late. Why wait until next year? "

Mencius said: Now there is a man who steals a chicken from his neighbor's house every day. Someone advised him: "(doing) such a thing is not the behavior of a moral person." The person who stole the chicken said, "(All right), please allow me to reduce it a little.". I will steal a chicken every month and stop until next year. "

If you know it's not polite, you will stop at once. Why wait until next year?

4. What does Mencius mean by "Teng Wengong Xia"? Those who are self-defeating cannot be straight. The former Chen Dynasty also said: "If you don't see the princes, you should be; At first glance today, the big one is king and the small one is bully.

And "Zhi" said: "Take ② without ruler", which is appropriate if it can be done. Mencius said: "In the past, in Tian (3), people were invited to be warned in danger (4). If they fail, they will be killed.

People with lofty ideals do not forget the valley, and warriors do not forget the loss of Yuan (6). What did Confucius take? If you don't take it, you won't go. What if we don't wait? What's more, the husband is looking for a waste of feet to make a profit.

If it's beneficial, it's useless to find a ruler. It's beneficial, or can it be? Zhao Jianzi (7) asked Wang Liang (8) and Pi Xi (9) to sit together, but he didn't get a bird. Yan Xi Rebellion (10) said:' The world is cheap.

Or sue Wang Liang. Liang Dao:' Please reply.

Be strong, then you can get ten birds at a time. Yan Xi rebelled and said, "So are the best works in the world.

Jane said, "I'm with that woman." Wang Liang said.

Ok, say,' I'll drive for it (1 1), and I can't get one all day; If you encounter it (12), ten at once. As the cloud says, "Give up your vector if you don't lose it (13)."

I failed (14), please resign. The ratio of defense and shame to shooter (15); Compared with wild animals, it is a hill and a blessing.

If you follow the Tao in vain, why not? Besides, sons have gone too far: those who waste themselves cannot become upright people. Chen Dai said, "It seems to be just a formality not to meet the princes.

Now, if you go to visit the princes, you can implement benevolent policies and make the world submit; Small can dominate the princes. Besides, the book "Historical Records" says:' Bend one foot long and stretch eight feet long.

It seems that you can bend and stretch like this. Mencius said: "Once upon a time, when Qi Jinggong was hunting, he used the national flag to summon the keeper of the hunting ground, but the keeper ignored him because he summoned him in the wrong way.

Qi Jinggong tried to kill him, but he was not afraid at all. So it was praised by Confucius.

Therefore, people with lofty ideals are not afraid to abandon their bodies, and brave people are not afraid to lose their heads. What does Confucius think of gamekeeper? It is with the spirit that he will not go because of improper summoning.

If I don't wait for the call of the ministers to come to the door in person, what is it for? Moreover, the so-called one foot bending and eight feet stretching are all considered from the perspective of interests. If we consider the problem from the perspective of profit, it is beneficial to bend eight feet long and stretch one foot. Does it still work? Once upon a time, Zhao Jianzi ordered Xi, Wang Liang's favorite young minister, to drive to hunt, but he didn't catch a prey all day.

After Naxi came back, he reported to Zhao Jianzi: "Wang Liang is really the worst driver in the world!" Someone told Wang Liang about it. Wang Liang said to Xi, "Please let me drive for you again." .

Xi reluctantly agreed. As a result, he killed ten prey in one morning. After Xi went back, he reported to Zhao Jianzi:' Wang Liang is really the best driver in the world!' Zhao Jianzi said, "I asked him to drive for you.

When Zhao Jianzi asked Wang Liang for advice, Wang Liang refused. He said:' I drove for him according to the rules, and he couldn't catch a prey all day; I didn't drive him according to the rules, but he shot ten prey in one morning.

The Book of Songs says: "If you drive according to the rules, you will hit the target as soon as you put the arrow." I'm not used to driving for a villain like him. Please let me resign.

Drivers are still ashamed to cooperate with poor shooters, even if cooperation can make a prey mountain. If I twist my body and follow those princes now, what is it for? In addition, your point of view is wrong: it is impossible to make others stand upright by twisting themselves. "

The second part (The Way of Concubine and the Way of Being a Man) Teng Wengong's Way of Concubine and the Way of Being a Man. Yuan Jingchun said, "Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi both men?" In a rage, the governors are all afraid and the world is destroyed. Mencius said, "How can you be a gentleman? Haven't you learned manners? The crown of the husband is also the life of the father (5); When the woman got married, she was sent to the door by her mother, and was warned:' When you go to your daughter's house, you must be respectful and restrained, without violating your master's intention!' He who takes obedience as the right path is also a concubine. Live in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best in the world (6); Success, with the people; Go your own way when you are frustrated.

Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. This is called a gentleman. "Reading Jingchun thought that Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi could control the princes and provoke wars between countries." When the princes are angry, they are all afraid of it, and the world is dead. "This is a great man. Mencius believed that Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi climbed up by shaking their tongues and obeying the wishes of the governors, and there was no principle of benevolence, righteousness and morality. Therefore, they are just villains and women, and what they do is "the way to entrust women." Mencius' statement is implicit and humorous, only by saying "courtesy" to explain the mother's instructions when a woman gets married, thus drawing the conclusion that "those who take obedience as the right path are also concubines".

What deserves our attention here is that the ancients thought that a wife's way was like a minister's way. Of course, I should obey you, but the principle of obedience is justice. If you are unfair, I will protest.

The same is true of a wife to her husband. Of course, a wife should obey her husband, but if he has, he should be advised to correct it. In short, it should be "harmony but difference".

Only eunuchs, little wives, little maids, don't ask right and wrong, blindly obey the principle. Actually, there is no principle. It can be seen that "the way of concubines" can not be generally understood as the way of women, but actually the way of little wives.

Mencius' satire was profound and sharp, and he hated Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi. Regrettably, although Mencius hated this "obedience is the right way", such "concubines" have emerged continuously for more than two thousand years.

Today, monogamy has been protected by law, "concubine" is hard to exist, but the theory of "concubine" may not exist, or even be popular. What do we do? Mencius' method is to put forward the real way of being a man in a tit-for-tat way.

This is his famous saying, which has been passed down through the ages: "Wealth cannot be lewd, poverty cannot be moved, and power cannot be bent." How? Then you have to "live in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best in the world."

Or go back to the benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom that Confucianism has always advocated. After doing so, we will embrace "success and people"

5. What does Mencius mean by "Teng Wengong Xia"? Those who are self-defeating cannot be straight. The former Chen Dynasty also said: "If you don't see the princes, you should be; At first glance today, the big one is king and the small one is bully.

And "Zhi" said: "Take ② without ruler", which is appropriate if it can be done. Mencius said: "In the past, in Tian (3), people were invited to be warned in danger (4). If they fail, they will be killed.

People with lofty ideals do not forget the valley, and warriors do not forget the loss of Yuan (6). What did Confucius take? If you don't take it, you won't go. What if we don't wait? What's more, the husband is looking for a waste of feet to make a profit.

If it's beneficial, it's useless to find a ruler. It's beneficial, or can it be? Zhao Jianzi (7) asked Wang Liang (8) and Pi Xi (9) to sit together, but he didn't get a bird. Yan Xi Rebellion (10) said:' The world is cheap.

Or sue Wang Liang. Liang Dao:' Please reply.

Be strong, then you can get ten birds at a time. Yan Xi rebelled and said, "So are the best works in the world.

Jane said, "I'm with that woman." Wang Liang said.

Ok, say,' I'll drive for it (1 1), and I can't get one all day; If you encounter it (12), ten at once. As the cloud says, "Give up your vector if you don't lose it (13)."

I failed (14), please resign. The ratio of defense and shame to shooter (15); Compared with wild animals, it is a hill and a blessing.

If you follow the Tao in vain, why not? Besides, sons have gone too far: those who waste themselves cannot become upright people. Chen Dai said, "It seems to be just a formality not to meet the princes.

Now, if you go to visit the princes, you can implement benevolent policies and make the world submit; Small can dominate the princes. Besides, the book "Historical Records" says:' Bend one foot long and stretch eight feet long.

It seems that you can bend and stretch like this. Mencius said: "Once upon a time, when Qi Jinggong was hunting, he used the national flag to summon the keeper of the hunting ground, but the keeper ignored him because he summoned him in the wrong way.

Qi Jinggong tried to kill him, but he was not afraid at all. So it was praised by Confucius.

Therefore, people with lofty ideals are not afraid to abandon their bodies, and brave people are not afraid to lose their heads. What does Confucius think of gamekeeper? It is with the spirit that he will not go because of improper summoning.

If I don't wait for the call of the ministers to come to the door in person, what is it for? Moreover, the so-called one foot bending and eight feet stretching are all considered from the perspective of interests. If we consider the problem from the perspective of profit, it is beneficial to bend eight feet long and stretch one foot. Does it still work? Once upon a time, Zhao Jianzi ordered Xi, Wang Liang's favorite young minister, to drive to hunt, but he didn't catch a prey all day.

After Naxi came back, he reported to Zhao Jianzi: "Wang Liang is really the worst driver in the world!" Someone told Wang Liang about it. Wang Liang said to Xi, "Please let me drive for you again." .

Xi reluctantly agreed. As a result, he killed ten prey in one morning. After Xi went back, he reported to Zhao Jianzi:' Wang Liang is really the best driver in the world!' Zhao Jianzi said, "I asked him to drive for you.

When Zhao Jianzi asked Wang Liang for advice, Wang Liang refused. He said:' I drove for him according to the rules, and he couldn't catch a prey all day; I didn't drive him according to the rules, but he shot ten prey in one morning.

The Book of Songs says: "If you drive according to the rules, you will hit the target as soon as you put the arrow." I'm not used to driving for a villain like him. Please let me resign.

Drivers are still ashamed to cooperate with poor shooters, even if cooperation can make a prey mountain. If I twist my body and follow those princes now, what is it for? In addition, your point of view is wrong: it is impossible to make others stand upright by twisting themselves. "

The second part (The Way of Concubine and the Way of Being a Man) Teng Wengong's Way of Concubine and the Way of Being a Man. Yuan Jingchun said, "Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi both men?" In a rage, the governors are all afraid and the world is destroyed. Mencius said, "How can you be a gentleman? Haven't you learned manners? The crown of the husband is also the life of the father (5); When the woman got married, she was sent to the door by her mother, and was warned:' When you go to your daughter's house, you must be respectful and restrained, without violating your master's intention!' He who takes obedience as the right path is also a concubine. Live in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best in the world (6); Success, with the people; Go your own way when you are frustrated.

Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. This is called a gentleman. "Reading Jingchun thought that Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi could control the princes and provoke wars between countries." When the princes are angry, they are all afraid of it, and the world is dead. "This is a great man. Mencius believed that Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi climbed up by shaking their tongues and obeying the wishes of the governors, and there was no principle of benevolence, righteousness and morality. Therefore, they are just villains and women, and what they do is "the way to entrust women." Mencius' statement is implicit and humorous, only by saying "courtesy" to explain the mother's instructions when a woman gets married, thus drawing the conclusion that "those who take obedience as the right path are also concubines".

What deserves our attention here is that the ancients thought that a wife's way was like a minister's way. Of course, I should obey you, but the principle of obedience is justice. If you are unfair, I will protest.

The same is true of a wife to her husband. Of course, a wife should obey her husband, but if he has, he should be advised to correct it. In short, it should be "harmony but difference".

Only eunuchs, little wives, little maids, don't ask right and wrong, blindly obey the principle. Actually, there is no principle. It can be seen that "the way of concubines" can not be generally understood as the way of women, but actually the way of little wives.

Mencius' satire was profound and sharp, and he hated Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi. Regrettably, although Mencius hated this "obedience is the right way", such "concubines" have emerged continuously for more than two thousand years.

Today, monogamy has been protected by law, "concubine" is hard to exist, but the theory of "concubine" may not exist, or even be popular. What do we do? Mencius' method is to put forward the real way of being a man in a tit-for-tat way.

This is his famous saying, which has been passed down through the ages: "Wealth cannot be lewd, poverty cannot be moved, and power cannot be bent." How? Then you have to "live in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best in the world."

Or go back to the benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom that Confucianism has always advocated. After doing so, we will embrace "success and people"