The Journey to the West was gradually introduced to Europe and America and translated into English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, sign language, Swahili, Russian, Czech, Romanian, Polish, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese. Chinese and foreign scholars have published many research papers and monographs, which have made extremely high comments on this novel.
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Creative background
In the first year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong (627), a 25-year-old monk Xuanzang Tianzhu (India) traveled on foot. After he set out from Chang 'an, he passed through Central Asia, Afghanistan and Pakistan, and finally arrived in India. He studied there for more than two years, and gave a lecture at a large-scale debate on Buddhist classics, which was praised.
In the 19th year of Zhenguan (645), Xuanzang returned to Chang 'an, bringing back 657 Buddhist scriptures, which caused a sensation. Later, Xuanzang dictated what he had learned about his journey to the west, which was compiled into 12 volumes of "Records of the Western Regions of Datang" by his disciples. But this book mainly tells the history, geography and transportation of countries seen on the road, and there is no story.
The book Datang The biography of Master Sanzang, written by his disciples Huili and Yan Cong, added a lot of mythical colors to Xuanzang's experience. Since then, the story of Tang Priest's Buddhist scriptures has been widely circulated among the people in China.
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A brief introduction to the content of Journey to the West
The Journey to the West, a work with grand scale and complete structure, reflects social contradictions in the form of fantasy, was written by Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty. The book has a hundred chapters and is divided into three parts: from one to seven chapters, it is written that the Monkey King Huaguoshan is the king and makes a scene in the Heavenly Palace; From August to December, I wrote about the reasons for learning Buddhist scriptures and the life experience of Tang Priest. From thirteen to a hundred times, I wrote about the eighty-one difficulties that Tang Priest and his disciples experienced on the way to learn from the scriptures. This fairy tale-colored mythical novel focuses on shaping the image of the Monkey King, a bold and rebellious mythical hero. He dares to rebel against the rulers of Heaven and Hell, and he can go to heaven and go to earth. His words and deeds are in line with the people's' wishes' and entrusted the ancient people's ideal of conquering nature. Author's introduction: Wu Cheng'en (about 15 -1582), male, whose name is Ruzhong, was born in Sheyang Mountain. Han nationality, from Shanyang County, Huai 'an Prefecture (now Huai 'an District, Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province). My ancestral home is in Gaodian, Tongcheng, Anhui Province, and my ancestors lived in Gaodian, Tongcheng, so it is called the Wu family in Gaodian. China, an outstanding novelist in Ming Dynasty, was the author of The Journey to the West, one of Four Great Classical Novels. Since childhood, Minhui has read widely, especially fond of fairy tales. In the imperial examination, he suffered repeated setbacks, and he made up for the tribute students in Jiajing. In the forty-five years of Jiajing (1566), he served as Cheng of Changxing County, Zhejiang Province. Due to the difficult official career, he never wanted to be an official in his later years and wrote behind closed doors. The Journey to the West, the main content of Journey to the West, was written in the 16th century, during Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty in China (1522-1566), more than 4 years ago. Author Wu Cheng'en, whose name is Ruzhong, and whose name is Sheyang Jushi, and The Journey to the West wrote the first draft in Wu Cheng'en's middle age, which was later polished. He recreated the art on the basis of literary works and stories about Tang Priest's learning from the past generations, and changed the original story of Tang Priest's learning from the past to the history of the Monkey King's fighting between heaven and earth. Dongsheng Shenzhou Aolai State-owned Huaguoshan, a stone on the top of the mountain, gave birth to a monkey. The stone monkey, named the Monkey King, learned 72 kinds of changes, and one somersault was feasible, calling himself "Monkey King". He stole the anchor needle and turned it into a golden cudgel, big or small, weighing 13,5 Jin. He went to the underworld again and erased the name of the monkey from the book of life and death. The Jade Emperor wanted to send troops to capture him. Taibai Jinxing suggested that the Monkey King should be called into the upper bound to be a Bi Mawen. When the Monkey King learned that Bi Mawen was only a small official in charge of horses, he beat out the Tianmen and returned to Huaguoshan, calling himself "the Great Sage of Qitian". The Jade Emperor sent heavenly soldiers and heavenly generals to capture the Monkey King, and the Monkey King defeated the giant spirit god and Nezha in a row. The Monkey King was asked to take charge of the Flat Peach Garden. He stole the flat peach, stirred up the flat peach banquet of the Queen Mother, stole the elixir of the Grandfather and fled the Heavenly Palace. The Jade Emperor sent heavenly soldiers to capture him. The Monkey King fought against Erlang God's gambling method, regardless of the outcome. The old gentleman hit the Monkey King with a hidden weapons, and the Monkey King was captured. After being chopped with knives and axes, struck by fire and lightning, and exercised in Dan furnace, the Monkey King was unscathed. The Jade Emperor invited the Buddha, Tathagata Buddha, to put the Monkey King under the Five Elements Mountain. Buddha Buddha sent Guanyin to the east to find a Buddhist scriptures, and came to the west to learn scriptures and persuade all beings. Guanyin enlightened Chen Xuanzang to go to the Western Heaven to seek the true scriptures. Emperor Taizong recognized Xuanzang as his royal brother and gave him the title of Sanzang. Tang Sanzang westbound, in Wuxing Mountain, rescue the Monkey King. The Monkey King was put on the hoop of Guanyin, and when the Tang Priest recited the hoop spell, Wukong had a terrible headache. The master and the apprentice went west, and they collected the white dragon in the eagle sorrow stream, and the white dragon became the mount of the Tang Priest. In Gaolaozhuang, Zhu Wuneng Bajie was accepted, and Zhu Bajie became the second apprentice of Tang Priest. In Liushahe, Sha Wujing was conquered, and the sand monk became the third disciple of Tang Priest. The four of them waded through mountains and rivers, and went west to seek scriptures. Guanyin tried to test the Tang Priest's mind, and turned Li Shan's mother, Pu Xian and Manjusri into beautiful women, and recruited four of them as husbands. Tang Priest and others were unmoved, but only Bajie was infatuated with women and was hung from a tree by a bodhisattva. In Wuzhuangguan, Wanshou Mountain, the Monkey King ate ginseng fruit and knocked down fairy trees. In order to compensate, the Monkey King invited Guanyin to save the fairy tree with manna. Bai Gujing changed three times, trying to get Tang Priest, but Wukong found out. Don't tell the truth from the falsehood, Tang Priest listened to Pig's slanders and drove Wukong away, but Huang Paoguai caught him. Bajie and Friar Sand could not compete with Huang Paoguai, but Friar Sand was captured and Tang Priest was turned into a tiger. Under Bai Longma's persuasion, Bajie went to Huaguoshan and asked him to turn to the Monkey King to subdue the demon. The four of them continued westward. The king of Wuji was drowned in the well pushed by the lion essence, and the lion essence became king. The ghost of the king appealed to the Tang Priest for help, Bajie carried the body out of the well, and Wukong asked for the elixir from the Grand Master to save the king. Niu Mowang's son, Hong Haier, was holed up in the cave of fire clouds and wanted to eat the meat of Tang monks. Wukong couldn't resist Hong Haier's samadhi, so he invited a bodhisattva to subdue the demon. The Bodhisattva subdued Hong Haier and made him a boy of good fortune. King girl country wanted to recruit Tang Priest as a husband, and Wukong and others were determined to go west, but Tang Priest was taken away by the scorpion essence of the Pipa Cave in the poisonous enemy mountain. Wukong invited the Pleiadian official, and the Pleiadian official turned into a double-crowned rooster, which made the monster show its true colors. Soon, the Tang priest killed the highwayman again because of Wukong, and drove him away again. Liu er Monkey King took the opportunity to change into Wukong, snatched the luggage and customs, and changed the little demon into Tang Priest, Pig and Friar Sand, trying to cheat the scriptures in the Western Heaven. The true and false Wukong was killed from the sky to the underground, and the Bodhisattva, the Jade Emperor, and the Earth Treasure King could not tell the true and false. It was not until the Leiyin Temple came to the Buddha's place that the Buddha revealed his true nature, and the monkey essence was killed by Wukong. The four masters and apprentices made up as before, and made concerted efforts to rush to the West. In the Flame Mountain, I want an iron fan, a princess, a banana fan to extinguish the flame. Princess Tiefan was angry that Wukong sent her child Hong Haier to Luojiashan as a boy and refused to borrow it. Wukong, Princess Iron Fan and Niu Mowang fought wits and tricks several times, using the divine power of heavenly soldiers to subdue the three monsters and put out the fire. King Bhikkhu was puzzled by the changing monarch of the White Deer, and wanted to use the heart of 1,111 children as a medicine guide. Wukong rescued the baby and repelled the evil spirits. The birthday boy came to take back the white deer. Destroy the French king vowed to kill 1, monks, and the Monkey King cast a spell to shave off the hair of the king's empresses and ministers of civil and military affairs, so as to make the king change his mind and change France into Qin France. In Tianzhu, the Tang Priest was hit by a fake princess throwing a lottery ball with five rabbits in the Moon Palace, and wanted to recruit a horse. Wukong saw through the truth, joined Taiyin Xing Jun to capture the jade rabbit and rescue the real princess who was living in the Arc Temple outside the city. After going through all kinds of hardships, the four men finally came to Lingshan Holy Land to meet the Buddha. However, because they didn't send any personnel to Ah Nuo and Gaya, they only got the scriptures without words. The Tang Priest and his disciples returned to Leiyin Temple, and presented the Zijin Bowl given by the Tang King as a personnel, so as to obtain the true scriptures and return to the mainland. I don't want eighty-one difficult to be short of a problem yet. In Tongtianhe, the old man threw four people into the river and wet the scriptures. So far, the Buddhist Scriptures are incomplete. Tang Sanzang and others returned the Buddhist scriptures to Chang 'an, the capital of Datang, and returned to Lingshan. Sanzang was named as the Buddha of the Buddha, Wukong was named as the Buddha of Fighting and Overcoming, Bajie was named as the messenger of the altar, Friar Sand was named as the golden body of Lohan, and Bai Longma was promoted to eight dragons, each returning to his own standard, enjoying bliss.
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Introduction to Journey to the West
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Introduction to the author of Journey to the West
Wu Cheng'en (15-about 1583), whose name was Ruzhong, was born in Sheyang Mountain. Han nationality, from Shanyang County, Huai 'an Prefecture. Wu Cheng'en is the author of The Journey to the West, Yu Ding Ji, Sheyang Ji, and Biography of Spring and Autumn Period. Wu Cheng'en's poems are scattered, and there are four volumes of Sheyang Survival Draft compiled by later generations. Wu Cheng'en's frustration in officialdom all his life and the hardship of his life deepened his understanding of the feudal imperial examination system and the dark social reality, which prompted him to express his inner dissatisfaction and resentment in the form of strange novels. He said to himself: "Although my title is Zhi Guai, I don't know ghosts, but I actually remember human variation, and I also have a little lesson." Wu Cheng'en also wrote a collection of short stories "Yu Dingzhi", but it has been lost, and only an introduction can be seen. Wu Cheng'en, about 5 years old, wrote about the first ten times of The Journey to the West, but it was interrupted for many years for some reason. It was not until he resigned in his later years and returned to his hometown that he was able to formally create The Journey to the West.
Extended information: Wu Cheng'en's writing characteristics Wu Cheng'en was contemporary with the seven sons before and after the Ming Dynasty, and his literary and artistic thoughts were similar to theirs. "Ru Zhong said that since the Six Classics, only the Han and Wei Dynasties were near ancient, and since the three hundred poems, only the Tang Dynasty was near ancient; Scholars in modern times, but Xie Chaohua didn't know how to store more knowledge, and went to express their words without knowing how to wash them, that is, it was difficult to write poems. " "This theory is much more than He and Li Tongda, so his poems are more from the chest. He said in "A New Preface to Flowers and Plants": "Pay attention to people and their words, but their skills are not the only ones. Li is all collected, and Zheng Wei can work in Ya Song; Hong Yi played in parallel, and Cao Cao was in Chyi Chin. " Emphasize the achievements of literary creation and attach importance to the artistic value of artistic works themselves: "beauty", "beauty" and "beauty in artistic form" are its values. This broke through the literary views of the seven poets in the pre-Ming and post-Ming dynasties, and became unique, advocating the "emotion" and "loyalty" in literary and artistic creation and pursuing the artistic style of "strangeness" and "beauty".
References: Wu Cheng'en-Baidu Encyclopedia
8113 likes 135,745. Browse the introduction of Journey to the West on October 27, 219.
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within 5 minutes | 1,. The Jade Emperor sent the Grand Priest to soothe the Great Sage. Unexpectedly, the monkey didn't want to be bound, causing havoc in the Heavenly Palace. He was imprisoned in the alchemy furnace for 49 days, and kicked the alchemy furnace out of control, and was suppressed by the Tathagata at the foot of Wuzhishan. Five hundred years later, a monk came from the Tang Dynasty in the east, who was originally the reincarnation of the golden cicada. Guanyin chose him to go to the Western Heaven to learn from Purdue sentient beings, rescued the Great Sage through Wuzhishan, and collected Bajie, Friar Sand, Master and Apprentice along the way to subdue the demon and embark on a long journey of learning from the Buddha. In the end, through eighty-one difficult, we obtained the true scriptures and made them into positive results. About the author: Wu Cheng'en (about 15 -1582) was born in Sheyang Mountain. A native of Shanyang County, Huai 'an Prefecture. My ancestral home is in Gaodian, Tongcheng, Anhui Province, and my ancestors lived in Gaodian, Tongcheng, so it is called the Wu family in Gaodian. China was an outstanding novelist in Ming Dynasty. Since childhood, Minhui has read widely, especially fond of fairy tales. In the imperial examination, he suffered repeated setbacks, and he made up for the tribute students in Jiajing. In the forty-five years of Jiajing (1566), he served as Cheng of Changxing County, Zhejiang Province. Due to the difficult official career, he never wanted to be an official in his later years and wrote books behind closed doors.
Extended materials: Appreciation of works: The Journey to the West's content is the most complicated in China's classical novels. It combines the thoughts and contents of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. It not only allows the immortals of Buddhism and Taoism to perform at the same time, but also injects the human feelings of the real society into the world of gods and Buddhists, and sometimes inserts a few words of Confucian wisdom to make it look harmonious and interesting, which makes the book win the interests of readers at all levels of culture. The author of The Journey to the West lived in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, and experienced five periods: Hongzhi in Xiaozong, Qin Long in Mu Zong and Wanli in Shenzong. The social situation in the middle and late Ming Dynasty was very different from that at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Politically, class contradictions, ethnic contradictions and contradictions within the ruling class were intensifying. The ideological and cultural enlightenment rose, the ideological trend of human liberation rose, civic literature flourished day by day, novel and drama creation entered a period of all-round prosperity, and capitalism sprouted economically.
References: Baidu Encyclopedia-Journey to the West
528 likes 23,854. Browse the profile of Four Great Classical Novels on August 31, 219. The profile of Journey to the West
The Journey to the West is a classical ghost novel in China and one of the "Four Great Classical Novels" in China. The book tells the story of the Tang Dynasty mage learning from the West, showing the ancient theme of punishing evil and promoting good. The Journey to the West's book was written in the mid-Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. Since its publication, it has been widely circulated in China and all over the world and translated into many languages. Journey to the West is a household name in China and even some parts of Asia, among which the Monkey King, Tang Priest, Pig Bajie, Friar Sand and other characters and stories such as "Rioting Heaven", "Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon" and "Flame Mountain" are particularly familiar. For hundreds of years, Journey to the West has been