First, further emancipate the mind and strive to break through the shackles of outdated old ideas. Emancipating the mind is an endless source for a nation to maintain the advancement of its theoretical thinking and stimulate its spiritual vitality. Only by emancipating the mind can it be possible to break through the shackles of tradition and dogma and put forward new perspectives and insights. The reform of the governance system belongs to the category of political reform. It is more politically sensitive than other reforms and is more likely to make people timid. It is especially important to emancipate the mind. "Practice and development will never end, emancipation of the mind will never end, and reform and opening up will never end." The "never-ending" mentioned in the "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China not only refers to the dimension of time, but also includes the dimension of space. In terms of time, emancipating the mind and reform and opening up are an infinite process; in terms of space, emancipating the mind and reform and opening up involve various fields, including the political field, especially the field of governance. To judge a new idea, concept, system or policy, we should first see whether it is conducive to the prosperity and democracy of the country, the freedom and happiness of the people, social fairness and justice, and whether it is conducive to building a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious society. A modern and powerful country. As long as new concepts and practices are conducive to "promoting fairness and justice and enhancing people's well-being," they are worthy of attention and exploration. On the contrary, all institutional mechanisms that restrict social and political progress should be eliminated.

Second, strengthen top-level design and strategically plan the modernization of the national governance system. As the "Decision" points out, we must not only cross the river by feeling the stones and explore in practice; we must also strengthen top-level design and strengthen macro guidance. The national governance system is an institutional system, including politics, economy, society, culture, ecology and other fields. It is necessary to consider and plan the reform plans in various fields as a whole, and to strengthen the leadership and guidance of the governance system reform from the central macro level. Fragmentation, short-term behavior, multiple policies, departmentalism and localism are the fatal weaknesses of our country's current governance system and public policies. They have seriously weakened the country's governance capabilities. In view of such a realistic situation, top-level institutional design and macro guidance are particularly important for the modernization of the national governance system. We should strengthen strategic research on the modernization of the national governance system, and formulate a roadmap and task list for the reform of the national governance system in stages in accordance with the overall goals of the Decision. On the one hand, we must stand at the height of the fundamental interests of the country and the nation, transcend departmental and regional interests, carry out overall planning, and break away from the shackles of vested interests. On the other hand, we can neither treat a headache or treat a headache, nor act hastily. We should discuss it extensively, plan for the long term, and avoid short-term actions.

Third, summarize the experience of local governance reform and innovation, and promptly upgrade excellent local governance innovation practices into national systems. Over the past 35 years of reform and opening up, we have made a lot of valuable explorations in government governance and social governance, and accumulated a lot of valuable experience. However, many good governance reforms were discontinued because they did not rise to the level of national institutions, or were implemented only on a small scale. The governance reform experience of governments at all levels should be systematically summarized, mature reform and innovation policies should be upgraded to laws and regulations in a timely manner, and the problem of motivation for reform and innovation in government governance and social governance should be solved institutionally. Fundamentally speaking, the driving force for the reform and innovation of the national governance system comes from economic development, political progress, people's needs and the impact of globalization, but its direct driving force is pressure, incentives and institutions, of which institutions are the long-term driving force. Reform and innovation in government governance and social governance, no matter how effective they are and how much they are supported by the masses, if they are not fixed and promoted in the form of institutions, then this kind of innovation will be difficult to sustain in the end, and it will inevitably lead to "people taking over politics" , becomes a short-term behavior.

Fourth, combined with my country’s specific national conditions, we should learn from foreign good experiences in government governance and social governance. Reform and innovation in government governance and social governance is a worldwide trend. Countries have many successful experiences and many profound lessons in this regard, which we should learn from. We have always advocated learning from all the outstanding achievements of human civilization, including of course the outstanding achievements of political civilization. Since the reform and opening up, many of our progress and achievements in establishing a modern national governance system have actually benefited from learning from advanced foreign experience. For example, the "hearing system" in the policy formulation process, the "one-stop service" in public service, the "government accountability" system in responsible government construction, the "lawyer system" in judicial practice, and the "lawyer system" in government affairs disclosure The "spokesperson" system and "participatory governance" in social governance were all introduced directly or indirectly from Western developed countries. We should have the same ambition and courage as Comrade Deng Xiaoping did when he introduced the market economy. We should stand at the height of national prosperity, people's happiness and national rejuvenation, with the goal of liberating and developing social productive forces and liberating and developing social vitality. We should clearly understand the world's development trends and base ourselves on China's national conditions boldly borrow all the outstanding achievements of human political civilization.

Fifth, resolutely eliminate the systems and mechanisms that hinder social progress, and establish and improve a modern national governance system that is consistent with the requirements of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics. The most important thing for the modernization of the national governance system is the modernization of institutions and mechanisms and the modernization of people. There are two basic factors that affect the level and effectiveness of a country's governance, namely the quality of governors and the governance system, both of which are indispensable. But comparatively speaking, the system is more fundamental, because the system can transform people's quality and restrain the abuse of power and dereliction of duty by those who govern.

Therefore, the key to modernizing the national governance system lies in the reform and innovation of the system, that is, the destruction and establishment of the system. On the one hand, as stated in the Decision of the Third Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, we must "take promoting fairness and justice and enhancing people's well-being as the starting point and goal" and "resolutely eliminate the shortcomings of systems and mechanisms in all aspects." Many existing governance systems and mechanisms are unreasonable, some violate the axioms of political science, and some seriously damage the interests of the country and citizens. For example, there are still some institutions that only have power but almost no responsibilities. There are many phenomena such as multiple branches of government, unclear responsibilities, and misplaced functions. On the other hand, we must improve and perfect the government governance and social governance systems in accordance with social development and the new requirements of the people. For example, the People's Congress and the political consultation system are our country's fundamental and basic political systems. However, both of them are far from playing their due role, mainly because many important institutional mechanisms are still missing or extremely imperfect. Many citizens' rights and interests stipulated in the Constitution have not been well implemented, and an important reason lies in the lack of relevant enforcement systems.

Sixth, get rid of the concept of officialdom and eliminate the poison of officialdom. As far as the current actual situation in our country is concerned, the concept of officialdom and the phenomenon of officialdom are important factors affecting the quality of governors. Officialism is the political culture and political system that has long dominated our country's traditional society. Its essence is the power standard of officials. It is incompatible with modern political civilization and modern national governance based on the citizen's rights standard, and is incompatible with socialist political civilization. It's the opposite. After 35 years of reform and opening up, my country's democracy and rule of law have made significant progress, and core socialist values ??such as democracy, freedom, equality, and justice have become increasingly popular. However, it is undeniable that the evil of official-centeredism of "everything comes with power" still exists in reality. In some fields and places, the phenomenon of official-centeredness is even becoming more and more intense. The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China officially listed "eliminating the concept of officialdom" as an important task of reform, which can be said to hit the mark. On the one hand, we must educate the general public, especially party and government officials at all levels, on the core socialist values ??of democracy, freedom, equality, justice, rule of law, and harmony, eliminate the worship of power, and firmly establish the concept of the supremacy of citizens' rights; on the other hand, , we must rely on systems to curb the phenomenon of officialdom and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens. While locking the power of officials into institutional cages, institutions are also used to build a great wall to protect citizens' rights.