How can people transcend themselves?
Transcendence is an ability and a responsibility. In a highly competitive and complex social environment, we often find that we have lost judgment on our own abilities. Hesitating, acting rashly, and being carried away by victory are all used to describe this life situation. Perhaps it is because of lack of experience that one cannot see the truth of things clearly; perhaps it is because one is bitten by a snake and is afraid of well ropes for three years, and is timid and shrinks from moving forward. Therefore, we often miss some big or small opportunities at critical moments in life, leading to regrets in the future. In fact, there are no big or small opportunities. Small opportunities are the beginning of big opportunities, and big opportunities are hidden among small opportunities. This book∷comes from∷Fantasy u15 sword n96 book a69 alliance unlimited reading p94 Win with the fantasy sword!
Transcendence is a challenge, and transcendence is a state. In addition to some well-known critical moments in a person's life (also known as flat critical moments) such as entering a higher education, working, choosing a spouse, transferring, etc., there are also many critical moments that are not suitable for people to notice, and even turning passivity into initiative, and passivity into Positive moments of truth. Frustration is not necessarily a bad thing. "A blessing in disguise" and "Failure is the mother of success" are all about how to face adverse situations positively. Therefore, human life is three-dimensional and has multiple possibilities. If you face problems in a mechanical and improvised manner, it will be difficult to stay calm and secure victory. Learning to transcend oneself in general is an important psychological guarantee for a person's development. Specifically, only by accumulating self-cultivation and adjusting your mentality in order to flexibly grasp and adapt to every opportunity to the greatest extent can you finally achieve self-transcendence. This book∷comes from∷Fantasy b85 sword x23 book g13 alliance unlimited reading s10 win with fantasy sword! ; Through more than 100 vivid examples and stories, this book tells the philosophical thinking and successful examples of transcendence at various critical moments in life. It has a very practical reference value for everyone who cares about their career, especially for those who are in the For teenagers in the growing period, these stories can also encourage and inspire them to face life's problems correctly. How can people transcend themselves?
There is a saying in the world that "If a person does not serve himself, he will be destroyed by heaven and earth." There is no doubt that people are independent subjects of interests and feelings. People must satisfy themselves and have a strong impulse to satisfy themselves. Biologists have eloquently demonstrated that unconditional altruism cannot escape the scissors of natural selection. Some geneticists believe that human nature's selfishness is determined by its original genetic code; if it happens to have altruistic genetic code, it will gradually sacrifice itself during its life. From this alone, can we conclude that people are selfish? How to explain various altruistic behaviors?
1. Humans are a combination of self-interest and altruism
Humans are social animals and cannot be isolated. To survive, since we need to live in groups and divide labor and cooperate, we need to dedicate part of ourselves and cannot always think about ourselves. Being self-centered, one can think, but cannot say, and in most cases cannot do anything. Our unwillingness to cooperate with selfish people becomes what others demand of us. If people only think about self-satisfaction, they will arouse resentment and opposition, and they will be alienated, isolated, and even eliminated. Selfish people will not trust anyone, not parents, brothers, wives, friends, colleagues, and organizations. The cost of living this way is too high, they cannot create higher productivity, their mood is too bad, and they will not have a peaceful and happy life. Unconditional self-interest has a very low survivability, so a combination of the two is best. Only those who dare to give will be rewarded, and those who give up will be rewarded. This has become a dialectic that must be understood in life. From this perspective, "altruism" is precisely for "self-interest".
In a colony of social insects (ants, bees, etc.), sterile worker bees or worker ants devote their lives to the queen bee or ant queen, building and protecting honeycombs or ant nests, foraging for food and raising larvae. , this behavior is the greatest degree of altruism: they themselves did not leave any offspring, therefore, the fitness of the individual can be regarded as zero, but their behavior greatly helped the queen bee or ant queen to reproduce offspring for the benefit of the entire species.
Darwin certainly noticed the spirit of self-sacrifice of organisms. After repeated reflections on this, he proposed the theory of group selection in his later years. He said that although this behavior is detrimental to individual organisms, it may be beneficial to biological groups. : "A tribe containing many members who are ready to help each other and sacrifice themselves for the common good may be the winner over most other tribes; and this may also be natural selection."
Elliot Sober and others believe that if there are two groups in a population, in each group, the altruists are less fit than the selfish ones, but when the two groups are merged together, the altruists are less fit. The fitness may be higher than that of selfish people. So altruism can evolve.
Human beings are a combination of self-interest and altruism. Different people behave differently under different circumstances, and they can transform into each other under certain conditions. Good people often do bad things because of a single thought, and bad people sometimes have human nature. Under the social and historical conditions where family, private ownership, class and country still existed, due to the reason of "differentiation of love", people "loved themselves more than others, loved themselves more than others, loved blood relatives more than everyone else". In general, altruism is conditional, while altruism is unconditional. Human selfishness has both biological and social roots. In the past, we only emphasized its social roots and believed that it was a product of private ownership society, while ignoring the biological roots, that is, people are born with the instinct of self-interest. It seems that in a socialist society where private ownership is eliminated, human self-interest loses its social conditions. This is not the case. As far as human social attributes are concerned, as long as family, private ownership, class and country still exist, there will be social conditions for selfishness to arise. As far as the natural attributes of human beings are concerned, the fact that humans originate from the animal kingdom has determined that humans can never completely get rid of ***, so the question can always be to get rid of more or less, and to the degree of *** or human nature. difference.
2. Factors of human self-transcendence
1. Instinct. Do people have the instinct for self-transcendence? Of course they do. For humans to exist, they must reproduce. It takes several or more than ten years for everyone to be able to live independently from birth. Parents must be loving enough to bring up their children. The reason why we humans thrive and survive without extinction is because we have love. Human self-transcendence is most fully reflected in children. Although there are also phenomena of father and son fighting each other and being suspicious of each other, it is by no means the mainstream.
Human beings have a long period of growth during infancy and childhood. Maternal love is the result of natural selection. Children who receive great care from their mothers have a high survival rate. Because children who do not enjoy maternal love have a low survival rate. The parent-child instinct is the most powerful form of self-transcendence.
Humans are heterosexual animals. After black widow spiders mate, the female spider often eats the male, but the reproductive nature still allows the male spider to continue succeeding and never tire of it. In the animal world, there are also mantises, bees, cicadas and some individual fishes where males "sacrifice" females. Men and women in love are also full of the spirit of self-transcendence. Many men and women in love often risk everything for each other, including their lives. This is undoubtedly due to biological instincts. It should be pointed out that not everyone will do anything at this stage. After this stage, this spirit of self-sacrifice will also decline.
2. Feelings. People are emotional animals. Parents have deep feelings for their children, children also have deep feelings for their parents, brothers and sisters also have feelings, husbands and wives have feelings, friends have feelings, and they have sympathy for the suffering of strangers. The family is the first testing ground for self-transcendence because there are bonds of affection within the family.
Speaking of relationships, we do not deny the phenomenon of parents and brothers killing each other. Normally people can tolerate each other over some small things, but brothers and sisters may not be able to tolerate it. In the imperial family, because the interests were too great, fathers, sons, and brothers often fought for their lives. In the homes of ordinary people, it was not uncommon for brothers to fight over houses, land, and money, leading to fights between brothers. We also don’t think that feelings are two-way reciprocity. The feelings for parents are not as good as the feelings for children, and the dedication to parents is not as good as the dedication to children. People often get what they get from their parents and return it to their children. Emotions can be light or heavy, thick or light, forming a colorful world.
Human sympathy is limited, and it is inevitable that there will be distance between people near and far. In a society of acquaintances, people are more willing to invest in family affection and friendship to enhance their feelings; in a society of strangers, as the distance increases, sympathy and affection are significantly weakened.
Instinct and emotion are the inner factors of human self-transcendence. They come from the heart and are voluntary, but limited to a small circle. There is compassion for strangers, but there is a limit to what you can give.
3. Mutual assistance. Trivers (1971) proposed reciprocal altruism. Its basic concept is: "If you scratch my back, I will scratch your back." People's altruistic behavior can be rewarded accordingly, and both parties will benefit. . Mutual aid actually increases individual resilience. For the evolution of reciprocal altruistic behavior, the following conditions are indispensable: (1) The altruist must have the ability to recognize deceptive behavior and refuse to provide food to the individual who deceived him last time; (2) Reciprocal reciprocity The two parties must have enough repeated encounters so that the two parties can exchange positions in the relationship between providing help and receiving help, and ultimately all individuals who provide help can benefit; (3) The benefits received by the beneficiary individual must be greater than the cost paid by the altruistic individual. Since reciprocal altruism is not instantaneous, "old friends" are exempt from one-time or one-way altruism, and maintaining reciprocal altruism is a guarantee.
4. Violence and exchange. The scope of sympathy and mutual aid is limited, so new factors are introduced. This is violence and exchange.
Violence can make people transcend self-interest, relying on coercion. Slaves were forced to work by slave owners, but most of the fruits of labor were enjoyed by slave owners. The underworld forces people to give up money and forces Ma Zai to work hard. This is all due to violence.
The factors of violence are too external, lacking internal motivation, and there are endless escapes, resistances, etc. So there is another way - exchange. The most important of these is market exchange. Adam Smith told us: “If he could overcome their self-interest and make it beneficial to him, and tell them that doing things for him is in their own interest, it would be much easier for him to achieve his goal. No matter who it is, if he wants to do business with others, he must first propose: Please give me what I want, and at the same time, you can get what you want: this sentence is the general meaning of transaction. Much of the mutual help we need is obtained in this way. Our daily needs of food and drink come not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, but from their own selfish designs. We say words that arouse their altruism, but words that arouse their self-interest. We do not say that we are in need, but say that it is beneficial to them."
The West calls this "subjectively for ourselves and objectively for others." But it needs to be pointed out that being subjective to oneself does not necessarily mean being objective to others. Can counterfeiters, corrupt elements, thieves, swindlers, and those who kill people and sell goods, be subjective for themselves and be objective for others and society? If the proposition "subjective for oneself and objective for others" is promoted without analysis, It provides a defense for all illegal, disciplinary and immoral acts. The prisoner's dilemma theory fully proves this point. The police arrested two suspects, A and B, but there was not enough evidence to prove that they committed a crime. So the police imprisoned them separately. If one person pleads guilty and testifies against the other party, and the other party remains silent, the person will be released immediately, and the silent person will be sentenced to 10 years in prison; if both remain silent, both will be sentenced to 2 years in prison; if both report each other, The two men were also sentenced to 8 years in prison. From the perspective of collective interests, cooperation is the best, but from the perspective of individual interests, betrayal is the best.
In addition to the prisoner's dilemma, another famous example is the tragedy of the fair lawn. It is said that when the grassland is completely opened to herdsmen, every herdsman will want to raise one more cow, because the increased income from raising one more cow is greater than the cost of purchasing and raising it, which is beneficial. Although because the average amount of grass decreases, adding one cow may cause the unit profit per cow of the entire pasture to decrease. But for an individual herdsman, it is advantageous for him to add one cow. Others suffered losses, but he didn't have to make up for it. However, if all herders take this into consideration and add cattle at will, the grassland will be overgrazed and will not be able to meet the needs of the cattle, resulting in no income for all herdsmen. This is the tragedy of public resources. Human society has paid a price. The land, forests, rivers, oceans, and air have all been blindly exploited, and the environment is approaching the limit of its endurance.
5. Rules, regulations and laws. Rules and regulations appear in the form of family rules, business management systems, gang rules, etc., and use certain coercive force to ensure implementation, such as economic rewards and punishments, violent coercion, etc. The law is implemented by state power through state coercion.
6. Religion. No matter which religion, it must pursue the purpose of persuading people to do good and benefiting the country and the people. This is true for Islam, Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, and Catholicism. The 11th Panchen Lama said at the Political Consultative Conference that the most important idea in our Buddhism is to do good deeds. We say: "Don't do any evil, do all the good deeds, and calm your mind. This is the foundation of Buddhism. Don't do evil because it is small. Do not do good deeds if they are small." What needs to be realized is that religions are often exclusive in their early stages. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are no different. Pagans must either change their beliefs, or be conquered or even killed in the name of gods. For thousands of years, Throughout history, interreligious wars have never ceased. Cults also talk about goodness, but they usually lead "toward goodness" to "toward God" and finally to "towards the leader." No matter what the leader wants to do, it is right, and whatever he asks you to do is what you should do. This laid the foundation for deifying the leader and seeking the leader's luxurious life.
7. Morality. Morality is a standard of self-restraint and regulation for people. It is characterized by taking good and evil as the yardstick. It judges a person's quality based on social public opinion, traditional culture and living habits. It mainly relies on people's conscious inner concepts to maintain it. Social development requires moral support, and human progress requires moral support. Morality is different from law. Law relies on the coercive power of the state to ensure the implementation of behavioral norms. It is a set of hard methods and measures and a "heteronomy" of the human spirit. Morality is a set of soft behavioral norms driven and maintained based on social public opinion, living habits, traditional ethics, especially people's inner beliefs. It is the "self-discipline" of the human spirit. Therefore, legal heteronomy and moral self-discipline, as well as their "hard" and "soft" means, all penetrate, complement and maintain each other, and are complementary to each other.
People’s behavior of dedicating themselves to emotions, morality, and ideals cannot be said to be a very pure person. Human self-transcendence, but the transcendence mixed with various factors, is not pure, but it is still the transcendence of self-interest.
3. Conclusion and insights
People cannot be self-centered at all times. For themselves, as well as for their family, nation, and country, people need to transcend themselves and establish competitive and cooperative relationships. Mutual benefit wins the relationship. This is an important sign of a person's maturity, and also an important sign of a society's maturity.
Acknowledging people’s altruistic tendencies does not deny people’s self-interested tendencies. It is necessary for human beings to combine self-interest with altruism and heteronomy with self-discipline through various means to create a better life. How to surpass yourself
Defeat yourself and surpass yourself
Life is a battlefield, and you are the protagonist in this tough battle!?
The journey of life is inherently full of ups and downs. It is uncertain, and life is also woven with laughter and tears. Just like the characters in the movie, whether they are the protagonist, supporting role or extra, as long as they do their duty, act well, challenge difficulties and surpass themselves, they know how to understand. The man of the true meaning of life. ?
Have you read "A Boat in the Ocean"? The protagonist in the book, Mr. Zheng Fengxi, is a person who can break through the status quo, surpass himself, and pursue a more perfect life. He does not feel sorry for himself all day long because his legs are bent and unable to walk. Instead, he challenges himself with perseverance and confidence. Although he also suffered failures, he looked back with confidence and acted as a forward with perseverance. He finally defeated himself and his legs and became a winner that surpassed himself.
Failure is not shameful. What is shameful is that you no longer stand up bravely and accept the challenge, but blindly escape and dare not face reality!
The writer Xing Linzi suffered from joint problems since childhood. I often lie in bed and cannot do anything. But she firmly believes that one day, she will be able to do what she loves like ordinary people. When she has the confidence to challenge herself, half the battle is won. She tried writing and found that she found herself in writing, so she regained the idea of ??challenging life! She once said that the real disability is the death of the heart, not the external disability! After she had a good start, she wanted to transcend He founded the Garden of Eden. Not only does she challenge herself, she also cares about others. Can her actions not make us sigh?
"It will rain and the ground will be slippery. If you fall, you will have to crawl." When you encounter difficulties, there is no need to feel sorry for yourself, and there is no need for others to "help you." "Only to get up from the quagmire, the important thing is to have a challenging heart and save yourself. If you fall, get up by yourself, take another step, and run forward again.
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Some people live in this world and are confused as to what the purpose of existence is. In fact, the life God gives us is by no means free. I often ask people how they are doing lately. The answers are almost always the same: "No, I just make a living." "I'm just a clerk." Why do they always say this? That's because they lack the idea of ??self-challenge and self-breakthrough, and always think they are content with the status quo. That is blessing. Such people will remain where they are in ten years, unable to move forward.
Challenging oneself means transcending the current me and moving towards a new me. It does not mean staying still, nor does it mean being content with the status quo. Take our students for example. During the monthly exams, if you can break through yourself and challenge your original results, as long as there is progress, even if it is an improvement of two or three points, it is considered a success in the challenge! Otherwise, you will be in last place, and your results will always be the same. How embarrassing it would be to stay where you are!
Life is rugged and you can only move forward by challenging yourself. And think of self-challenge as a sharp knife, use it to cut off the thorns in the journey, surpass the peak, and surpass yourself!
Have you seen the roly-poly? Its spirit of falling and rising again and again, This is what we should learn. Although our lives are limited, being able to learn to defeat the original self and show a new and good self is a breakthrough. Isn’t it?
There are countless setbacks in the journey of life. But setbacks are just a small episode in the journey of life. People who are knocked down by setbacks will not be able to realize themselves if they do not get back up. There is no need to be afraid of setbacks, it is a good opportunity to challenge yourself. Friends, pick up the confidence and challenge yourself! Break the bad records of the past, starting now. Use challenges as a compass, failure as a touchstone, bravely challenge yourself, defeat yourself, and surpass yourself.
1. Give full play to your strengths. Everyone has strengths, and as long as we give full play to our strengths, we can use them to win good results for us.
2. Know your shortcomings. Everyone has their own shortcomings and shortcomings. As long as we try to avoid them, I believe that shortcomings will also inspire you.
3. Learn the strengths of others and use them to my advantage. Confucius said, "Three people must have a teacher. Choose the good ones and follow the bad ones and change them. As long as you learn effectively, you can become your own thing and increase your own strength."
4. Reason. Sometimes our failures are often due to emotions. If you can do things rationally, then you will not be tied down by emotions.
5. Put pressure on yourself. Sometimes we can despise ourselves appropriately, because despising ourselves will make us feel inadequate. This is putting pressure on ourselves. When there is pressure, we will be motivated.
6. Understand yourself comprehensively and expose yourself. Make a list for yourself to see what kind of person you are. Only by exposing yourself can you feel ashamed of yourself and can you defeat yourself.
Personality is a person's overall mental outlook. Personality is "all the behaviors of an individual that are different from others." Distinctive and unique personality easily leaves a deep impression on people. Everyone has a personality, and everyone's personality is different. It is these people with vastly different personalities who make up our lively, colorful world and various human groups that are both interconnected and mutually restrictive, and drive the progress of history and the changes of the times. Personality. On your own journey, there is no frustration or regret, no loss or hesitation. In order to pursue more living space, you must constantly surpass yourself.
You can transcend yourself by taking every minute of your life seriously. Self
I suggest you take a look at Xunzi’s chapter on how to surpass yourself by building a strong country.
First of all, you must correctly understand yourself and understand your own strengths and weaknesses. Secondly, we must correctly understand how others evaluate ourselves. Make yourself more perfect. On the other hand, we must constantly acquire new knowledge and recharge ourselves.