The description of an object is about its motion state, shape or change. Narrative is to describe personal feelings and experiences to readers through vivid language.
Narrative includes a wide range, such as taking notes, diaries, travel notes, legends, news, newsletters, novels and so on. , all belong to the category of narrative. Narrative is about what you see in your life, and you should express the author's true feelings about life.
Generally speaking, an article with narrative and description as its main form of expression is called narrative. 2. Explanatory text-The so-called expository text is to explain things and explain things as the main expression and give people knowledge. It makes people understand the shape, structure, nature, types, causes, functions, relationships or concepts, characteristics, sources, evolution, similarities and differences of things through the explanation of descriptive text of substantive things or the explanation of abstract arrangement, so as to obtain relevant information.
Giving priority to explanation is a sign that explanatory writing is different from other styles in expression. Among all kinds of article styles, descriptive style is a relatively independent category.
In people's social life, expository text shows its important role and practical value. Real life fully shows that expository writing is not an insignificant article form, but a common style widely used, which is closely related to people's production, work and life, and due to the needs of social life, expository writing is emerging in large numbers.
2. Argumentative essay-Argumentative essay is a style that analyzes and comments on a certain issue or thing and expresses one's own views, positions, attitudes, opinions and opinions. Argumentative writing has three elements, namely argument, argument and argument.
The basic requirements of an argument are: the author's views and opinions; The basic requirements of arguments are: factual arguments (celebrity cases) and rational arguments (authoritative quotes, aphorisms, poems and common sentences); The basic requirements of argumentative writing are: comparative reasoning, metaphorical reasoning and correct introduction. When writing an argumentative essay, you should consider the argument, what to use as an argument to prove it, how to demonstrate it, and then draw a conclusion.
You can put forward a general argument first, then discuss it separately, analyze each sub-argument, and finally draw a conclusion; You can also quote a story, a dialogue, or describe a scene first, and then analyze the facts layer by layer and draw new conclusions. This way of writing is called total score, which is commonly used by middle school students.
You can also ask a question that everyone cares about at the beginning of the article, and then answer it one by one, step by step, which is a difficult way to write. It also requires the author to compare two different things in the opposite way, and then draw a conclusion, which is comparative writing.
Argumentative writing is a style that uses logic, reasoning and proof to explain the author's position and viewpoint. This kind of article either puts forward some views and opinions from the front, or refutes other people's wrong views.
Comments in newspapers, essays or feelings in daily life all belong to the category of argumentative essays. Argumentative writing, also called argumentative writing, is a style of analyzing things, discussing things, expressing opinions and putting forward opinions.
By stating facts, reasoning and distinguishing right from wrong, the author can determine whether his point of view is right or wrong, and establish or deny a proposition. Argumentative writing should have clear thinking, sufficient arguments, concise language, reasonable arguments and strict logic.
Argumentative writing is a common style that takes argumentation as the main way of expression, and directly expresses the author's views and opinions by putting facts and reasoning. Using vivid narration to indirectly express the author's thoughts and feelings is different from narrative writing, which focuses on introducing or explaining the shape, nature, causes and functions of things, and is also different from explanatory writing.
In short, argumentative essays convince people with reason, narrative essays convince people with emotion, and explanatory essays teach people with knowledge. Argument is an expression that the author analyzes and comments on objective things to show his own views, opinions and attitudes. It usually consists of three parts: argument, argument and argument.
4. Poetry-Poetry is a literary genre with subjective feelings. It reflects social life in a lyrical way, is highly concise and concentrated, and expresses thoughts and feelings with rich imagination, rhythmic language and line-by-line arrangement. Poetry is a rhythmic, rhythmic and colorful language art form, and it is also the oldest and most basic literary form in the world.
5. Fiction-Fiction is a literary style, which generally describes stories of characters and shapes various characters, but there are exceptions. It is a literary work with complete layout, development and theme.
Novel is a literary genre that focuses on portraying characters and reflects social life through complete stories and specific environmental descriptions. The value essence of the novel takes time as the sequence and a certain character as the main line, which reflects the process of the emergence, development and disappearance of the value relations of various roles (political relations, economic relations and cultural relations) in social life in a very detailed and comprehensive way, and shows the interaction of various value relations in a very detailed and comprehensive way, among which the value essence of love novels reflects the evolution of gender relations, marriage relations and family relations.
Compared with other literary styles, the novel has a large capacity, which can show the characters' character and destiny in detail, show the intricate contradictions and conflicts, and describe the social life environment in which the characters live. The advantage of novels is that they can provide a complete and broad social life.
6. Prose-Prose (Prose; Prose is a kind of literary genre, also known as poetry, novel and drama. Prose that does not pay attention to rhythm, including essays, essays and travel notes. It is the freest style, without paying attention to phonemes, parallelism and any restrictions. It is also the earliest style of writing in China.
Usually, an article has one or more central ideas, which are expressed by lyric, narrative and logical means. The form is scattered but the spirit is not scattered. The article is written casually, but every word is related to the theme center.
Short and pithy, lively and interesting. In the traditional sense of our country.
2. The difference between literary style and applied style. aesthetical standard
Practical writing has two basic requirements for language, one is simplicity and the other is elegance. The purpose of practical writing is to apply. From this point of view, practical writing should have aesthetic value, and its aesthetic value should also be reflected in the utility of its application and the process of expressing this utility.
The beauty of literary style is mainly reflected through literary works, and the beauty it embodies is a whole, not only in structure but also in content. Ideology is the theme and soul of literary works. It directly determines the fate of literary works.
Second, language and its expression
In order to achieve the practical purpose of the article quickly, practical writing always tries to convey information in a style recognized by the public, especially in official documents, and generally does not use personalized spoken language or dialects in a certain area to avoid ambiguity and delay work. Therefore, practical writing often uses narrative language for objective description, which always requires concise language. Metaphysics requires compact articles, short and pithy, straight to the point, direct topics, no suspense to arouse people's appetite, and no pursuit or flashback for the ups and downs of writing, but straightforward and chronological events; The ending is never subtle, meaningful and memorable, let alone the so-called "open ending"
In terms of literary style, a good literary work, with its clever language, simple understanding, simple warning or gentle touch, carries the author's profound meaning, flows slowly, with meaning between the lines, and is sweet and delicious. So it uses descriptive and lyrical language to describe what it sees and hears with subjective feelings. Its personalized characteristics are very obvious, which show that the language strives for unfamiliar forms, is characterized by novelty and strangeness, and achieves the sought expression effect through a series of rhetorical means.
Third, the way of thinking.
Practical writing is an important tool for people to communicate and is written to solve practical problems. Therefore, practical writing is mainly based on abstract thinking (that is, rational thinking). The author of practical writing should put aside the perceptual form of things, seek their internal relations, find the internal laws of things, and use logical thinking and mode thinking to write.
Literary style is dominated by thinking in images. Many literary forms, such as novels, plays, poems, essays and so on, are composed of plots, characters, environments, conflicts, images, artistic conception, etc. Although they seem to be complex and changeable, showing bright or dark colors, grand or exquisite structures, or tragic or sad feelings, they are all constructed by the author by using the thinking mode of images, which fully embodies the author's subjective feelings. The characters he created strive to be lifelike, and the event process emphasizes truth and vividness. Whether writing landscapes, describing things, or even lyrical shouting, readers' psychology is finally occupied by three-dimensional sensible images, which are narrated, reasoned and lyrical. At the same time, literary writing is a creative thinking activity, which is caused by uncontrollable emotional impulses. For a thing and a person, a literary author can have his own views, positions and emotions. Because he is a personality subject relatively independent of society, it is up to the literary author to decide what he writes, how he writes and whether he writes or not. His thinking is free and random. People and things involved in practical writing can only respect objective facts and history, and writing according to facts must put an end to personal likes and dislikes and spontaneity.
Fourth, the meaning of the theme.
The main function of applied style is to serve life or affairs and convey specific ideological content. So it can only be a single theme, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information conveyed. The function of applied style determines the singleness of its writing purpose, and the singleness and utilitarianism of its writing purpose determine the writing idea and method of giving priority to the theme, that is, starting from reality, first establish the theme, and then find materials to explain that the theme is dominant. What is required to be written is not for feelings, but for things, not for personal will. It will inevitably lead to the singularity and certainty of the meaning of the text, so readers do not need to exert a lot of creativity in the process of interpretation, and it also leads to the unity of motivation and effect of the article, that is, the content of the article is single, direct and clear.
The main function of style is to make people appreciate the beauty, resonate through touching the heartstrings of literary works, and make people feel the spring breeze when reading. However, due to different personal temperament, cultural accomplishment, education level and life experience, the aesthetic tendency of literature is different, which will lead to multiple themes or even no themes in literary works.