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How to practice taekwondo
Unarmed combat is the most basic quality, but it is also the most dangerous, so this chapter takes up a lot of space. When learning unarmed combat, you should follow the following principles:

1, make full use of all available means of attack, that is to say, unarmed combat is not limited to unarmed combat, but should make full use of all available weapons and tools and use all kinds of seemingly or actually despicable means.

2. Take the initiative to attack the enemy's weakest place with the greatest strength.

3. attack the enemy to make it out of balance, while maintaining its own balance.

4. Be good at using the enemy's movement to increase your attack power.

5. On the basis of accurately mastering all kinds of basic movements, through constant practice, improve speed and strengthen strength. In combat, we must resolutely implement the principle of "quickness, fierceness and accuracy", and pay attention to the fact that these three things are in order-only by moving quickly can we grasp the initiative and knock down our opponents before they react; Only by taking a hard hand can we defeat the enemy with one move, and even if we can't succeed, we can overwhelm our opponents from the momentum; Accurate moves and correct hitting position can achieve the maximum killing effect.

The basic method of attack

1 In unarmed combat, your life is in danger at any time, so you should use all available tools, such as throwing sand at the enemy's face, hitting your opponent with wooden sticks and belts, etc. If it doesn't work, you can pretend to throw something at your opponent to make him back or seek cover. If your opponent is cheated, you can take the opportunity to attack him.

2. If nothing can be used as a weapon, use your own body:

A. Outside the palm: Keep your fingers together and straight, so that the outside of the palm is as hard as possible, and your thumb is close to your index finger. Common methods: if the enemy reaches out to catch you, you can chop off the part between his open fingers with a split palm; It can also be used to cut the bridge of the nose, eyes or the back of the neck (this technique is similar to the "hand knife" in karate, and a master can split the bottle with a hand knife. Although I don't like karate very much, I used this explanation to make it easy for everyone to understand.

B. real fist: make a fist with four fingers together and hold it in the palm of your hand. The thumb is naturally held at the first knuckle of the index finger and middle finger. Hold your fist firmly, leaving no gap. Common methods: either hit with fist face or hit the temple with the little finger of fist.

C palm back: bend your fingers close to the first knuckle, make the palm back as hard as possible, and hit the enemy with the palm back (similar to Tiger Claw in karate). Common methods: Pushing the enemy's chin or nose in this way will cause serious injuries and even death on the spot. Pushing the jaw may cause the jaw to break or bite the tongue; Pushing the nose may break the nasal bone, even the sieve plate, and blow the broken bone into the cranial cavity. In addition, when you push your chin, you can also stretch out your fingers to dig the enemy's eyes at the same time.

D. Shoes: Needless to say, the commonly used kicking methods are poking, kicking, side kicking, holding and so on.

E. Forehead: The skull of a healthy adult is very hard, so when two people get close together, they can unexpectedly hit the enemy's nose and other relatively soft parts with their foreheads.

Shoulder: The common attack methods are: hitting the shoulder to attack the enemy's ribs.

Elbow strike: Common attack methods are: pushing elbow, bumping elbow, throwing elbow, picking elbow, etc. It is more common that the enemy hugs your waist from behind, so you can hit the enemy on the head with your left elbow first, and then the enemy must dodge to the right, and then swing your right elbow just to hit the enemy on the head, that is, "empty left and real right"; When the enemy hugs you from the front, he can press his head down and hit him on the back with his elbow. After hitting the enemy's arm with your shoulder, you can attack the enemy's chest or ribs with your elbow.

Knee: Also known as "short leg", the commonly used methods can learn from the techniques of Muay Thai, such as attacking the knee and flying the knee.

Gaskin: After training, Gaskin can be hard enough to kick a person's arm bone. There is a Japanese fighting skill-the name is forgotten-which is famous for its deadly shin kick.

The above contents can be practiced with Wu Tangmen's "Five Peaks and Six Elbows" as the teaching material.

F. Teeth: Forget it. Just take a bite. The whole world is quiet.

3. Take the initiative to attack the weakest part of the enemy with the greatest strength: take the initiative to attack, and the initiative will always be in the hands of the attacker; Seize the opportunity, attack with all your strength, and don't save your strength for a protracted war, because if you can't win with all your strength, you'd better run away.

4. Keep your body in balance and let the enemy lose balance. The basic posture is: the feet are open (the specific posture is mastered by yourself, so it is good to be comfortable, or you can learn from the extreme karate posture), the left fist is in front, the right fist is behind, and the tip of the fist, the tip of the nose and the toes should be on the same plane, which is called "three points". Aim at the opponent and relax as much as possible. Pay special attention to your footwork when fighting. Kick when you get up, step when you get down, and jump when you step together

5. Be good at using momentum: If your opponent is better than you, you should make good use of his momentum, such as "stealing sheep": sideways, stepping on your feet, holding your wrist, and then yanking your opponent. If your opponent doesn't fall down at this time and wants to stand firm as much as possible, then twist your wrist and push it back, and put it down with your hook foot.

6. Accuracy and speed: In fierce fighting, you have no time to think about how to make the next attack, so you need to form muscle stereotypes and instinctive reactions in all attack actions in your usual practice, which is also the author's persistent view: even a person with good physical fitness who has not received any fighting training is a terrible opponent.

Section 3 Vulnerable parts of the human body

The key part is the part of the human body that is most vulnerable to impact or extrusion. Knowing and learning to attack these key parts, coupled with courage and confidence, can quickly kill the enemy in the battle. Remember, you can't hesitate to take these attacks, just don't consider the life and death of your opponent.

The human body can be divided into three parts: head and neck, trunk and limbs, and its vulnerable parts are as follows:

Head and neck: ears, temples, eyes, nose, upper lip, chin, Adam's apple, throat, neck side, nape of neck, top of head and back of head.

Trunk: clavicle, armpit, xiphoid process (solar plexus), abdomen, crotch, ribs, waist and spine.

Limbs: fingers, wrist joints, elbow joints, shoulder joints, knee joints, ankle joints and instep.

How to hit the fragile parts of the human body;

Ear: Beating the enemy's ear with both hands at the same time can puncture the eardrum, which will impact the auditory nerve, or cause bleeding in the ear, or even cause the enemy to have a concussion or even die.

Temples: hitting the temples can kill enemies or cause concussion. The bones in the temple are very thin, with a large artery and a large number of nerves concentrated under the skin. You can hit the temple with your fist, the outside of your palm or with a hammer; When the enemy falls to the ground, you can kick his temple with your toes. If the bullet shoots forward from the back of the temple, it will only blind one eye and will not die immediately, so this is a cruel punishment.

Eyes: piercing the enemy's eyes with the index finger and middle finger in a V shape can cause blindness. You can also poke the enemy's eyes with the knuckles of adjacent fingers, or dig directly with your fingers. (Similar to "Two Dragons Playing with Beads", but this trick can also be inserted into the enemy's nostrils with a backhand)

Nose: generally hit the bridge of the nose with the outside of the palm, or push it up with the root of the palm.

Upper lip: it can cause severe pain or syncope, but it is not fatal.

Chin: Note-a direct hook is likely to hurt your fingers. Try hitting with your elbow or pushing with the base of your palm.

Adam's apple: chop or crush directly with the outside of the palm. Note-crushing Adam's apple is fatal and there is no way to save it. (similar to "the golden rooster takes the nest")

Throat: tapping the recess under the throat with your fingertips will cause severe pain, but it can't be fatal unless you have practiced hard work such as iron sand palm.

Side neck: hitting the side neck (slightly under the ear) with the palm of your hand (both backhand and forehand) can make the enemy unconscious, because this is the hypotensive sinus of the carotid artery. After hitting hard, the blood pressure can drop rapidly, but it is not fatal.

Nape of neck: Hard hitting the nape of neck, especially the protruding part of cervical vertebra, with hands or any other hard joints and objects can be fatal quickly and silently, at least for a long time. (Remember the ridge frog experiment? That's where the steel needle is inserted)

Cranium: The human skull is the thickest. According to the author's actual observation, the bones of the skull top and the back of the head are only about 3mm, and the part of the skull top is just the joint of several skulls, so it will be fragile (called "Baihui" by Chinese medicine here).

Posterior brain: the thinnest part of the skull, but it concentrates on important organs such as cerebellum and brain stem, so it is most vulnerable to injury.

Clavicle: chopping or elbowing the enemy's clavicle with the outside of the palm may break the clavicle and make it lose the ability to fight back, but it is not fatal.

Axillary: There is a big nerve under the axilla. When the enemy falls to the ground, you can kick his armpit with the tip of your shoe, which can cause severe pain and temporary numbness.

Xiphoid process: also known as "solar plexus", located in the heart socket under the sternum, it is best to use the elbow, which can immediately cause vomiting blood and death.

Abdomen: It can cause the enemy severe pain and give up the attack, but it is not fatal, except, of course, if you kick the liver and spleen.

Hip: Kicking, grabbing or other methods can be effective.

Rib: It is best to hit the enemy's right rib with elbow or knee joint, which can damage the enemy's liver.

Lumbar: There are some great nerves branching from the spine under the renal cortex. Playing the waist will cause kidney damage, and if you kick hard, it may cause kidney rupture.

Spine: The spine is the place where the spinal cord of the great nerve connects with the human body, so interrupting the spine can at least cause the enemy's paraplegia. The best place to hit is 7-9cm above the belt, which is the width of the palm. This place has the weakest protection.

Finger: the part that is most easily crushed by anti-joint pressure.

Wrist joint and elbow joint: the thickest part of the wrist joint bone is slightly in the direction of the fingers, and there is a depression here, which is the weakest part of the wrist joint. If you hold it properly, you can control the whole arm and even remove your wrist. The elbow joint is also easy to dislocate. Hold the elbow joint naturally with your hands so that the middle finger is at the tip of the elbow. At this time, the position of the thumb is an acupoint, and pressing this acupoint hard will numb the whole forearm.

Shoulder joint: After the enemy is knocked down, he can press his shoulder with one knee and fold his arm back to dislocate his shoulder joint or slam his spine.

Knee joint: kicking one side of the enemy's knee joint can tear the cartilage and ligament, because the knee ligament will contract only when the human leg is bent, which is why the leg can only swing left and right when it is bent.

Ankle: kick the enemy's ankle with the outside of your foot. Unless you are sure, try not to use your toes.

Insep: Stepping on the enemy's instep with your foot will cause a broken foot. Pay attention to step on the enemy's left foot with your left foot to prevent the enemy from attacking your crotch with your knee joint, and vice versa.