Unfortunately, I slammed the door and rushed into the studio. I saw Flaubert crying in front of the case and didn't even notice his friend coming in. The friend stepped forward, shook his shoulder and asked, "What made you cry so sad?" Flaubert said sadly, "Madame Bovary is dead!" " His friend was puzzled and asked him, "Which Madame Bovary?" Flaubert pointed to a pile of manuscripts several inches thick on the table and said, "It's Madame Bovary from my Madame Bovary!" " The friend realized that he was saddened by the death of the heroine in the novel. Therefore, I advised him to say, "Since you don't want her to die, write that she is alive!" Flaubert said helplessly: "Writing here, the logic of life let her die, there is no way! "Flaubert's deep feelings for the characters in his works and his loyalty to realistic creative methods can be seen here.
Flaubert,18211212, was born in Rouen, France, to a family of doctors for generations. When I was young, I studied law in Paris and dropped out of school because of illness. 1845 After his father died, he moved to Crova Villa in the suburb of Rouen, lived on a rich legacy and devoted himself to literary creation until 1880. Madame Bovary, the first novel published by 1856, is his masterpiece and a masterpiece of critical realism literature.
Madame Bovary describes the miserable life of Emma, the daughter of a rich peasant in mainland France. Describe how she was corroded by the vulgar and despicable environment of the upper class, and finally went down the road. Finally, she went bankrupt because of borrowing money and had to commit suicide by taking poison. The words between the lines are full of the author's anger and accusation against the existing society, which angered the government authorities and Flaubert was accused of being "indecent". Later, Flaubert turned to writing historical themes, and published a long historical novel Salangbo in 1862. But not long after, he began to write novels with realistic themes, and published the political novel Emotional Education at 1869.
Flaubert is a famous French writer of critical realism. He has made great achievements in novel creation and enjoys a high reputation in the world.
Text discussion
First, the overall grasp
This article was written by four writers. To learn this text, we must first master the appearance characteristics and personality characteristics of the four writers written by the author.
The author is good at grasping the characteristics of four writers in portraits and personalities, and focuses on their portraits, movements and languages. Which writer has the most characteristics in which respect, it is necessary to rewrite which aspect. The portraits of the four writers are all described, among which Zola is the most detailed one, followed by Dude, and the portraits of these two writers are in sharp contrast. In terms of language description, the specific dialogues of the four writers are not written in detail, but the author summarizes their dialogues. But the tone and way of their conversation have been described a lot; I also made some comments on their eloquence. In the aspect of action description, there are details, Flaubert is the central figure of the full text, and his action description is of course more detailed; Zola's sitting posture is quite special, and there are many pen and ink descriptions; There is only one sentence about Turgenev's action description. The portraits, actions and language of the four writers are often written to express their personality characteristics.
Second, the problem research
What is the function of the author to insert some lyricism and discussion between narration and description?
It is helpful to reveal the personality characteristics of the characters and make readers know these four writers better. For example, about the meeting between Turgenev and Flaubert, the author said: "... they often hit it off, and when they met, they both felt a kind of happiness, not so much mutual understanding as inner joy." The discussion here tells readers that Turgenev and Flaubert have the same ideas and philosophical views, the same interests, lives and dreams, the same literary concepts and fanatical ideals, and the same appreciation and erudition, so they have already surpassed the "joy of mutual understanding" but "inner joy of the soul", which makes readers have a deeper understanding of the relationship between the two great writers.
Practice note
Familiar with the text, summarize the portraits, language, movements and personality characteristics of Flaubert, Turgenev, Dude and Zola respectively, and explain them with tables.
The purpose of setting questions is to let students master the main content of the text and exercise their generalization ability.
Reference answer:
portrait
language
behaviour
trend
Flaubert has a warrior beard and big blue eyes. His voice is very loud, as if he were blowing a horn. Sometimes you have a good eloquence. He can end an argument with a clear and profound sentence. His thoughts jumped for centuries, and two similar facts or two similar aphorisms were discovered and compared. So generation shows the spark of enlightenment. As soon as the doorbell rings, cover the desk with a red gauze blanket. Go and answer the door yourself. Embrace Turgenev like brothers. Walk from person to person. Send the guests to the front hall one by one, talk, shake hands and clap their shoulders. Enthusiastic, excitable, amiable, knowledgeable and wise.
Turgenev's white face. Speak slowly in a soft and hesitant tone. Talking about everything brings extraordinary charm and great interest. Conversation rarely involves trivial matters, and always revolves around events in the history of literature. Translate some poems of Goethe and Pushkin very fluently. Sit back on the sofa. Have fanatical ideals, indulge in literature, and be knowledgeable.
Dude's head is small but beautiful, with thick ebony curls hanging from his head to his shoulders and connected with a curly beard. His eyes are like a crack, narrowed, but they emit black light like ink. Perhaps because of myopia, his eyes are sometimes blurred. I will talk about Paris as soon as I come, and tell the story of this enjoyable, fun and very positive and happy Paris. Draw a funny outline of someone in a few words. He talks about everything and everyone with his unique southern flavor and attractive irony. He is used to stroking the tip of his beard with his hand. He has an active manner and vivid gestures, and has all the characteristics of a southerner. Active, talkative and disgusted with decadent lifestyle.
Zola is of medium height and slightly fat. Have a simple but stubborn face. His head is not beautiful, but he shows wisdom and strong character. His well-developed forehead has short hair, and his straight nose seems to have been suddenly cut off across the board on his mouth with a thick beard. The lower half of this chubby but determined face is full of short beards, and black eyes are short-sighted, but sharp and searching. His smile always makes people feel a little ironic, and the special lip groove makes his upper lip rise high, which is very funny and playful. Seldom speak. Say a few words: "but ... but ..." When Flaubert's passion passed, he took his time to start discussing again. His voice was always calm and his sentences were gentle. After climbing six floors, I was panting. As soon as I came in, I leaned against the sofa. Start looking for the atmosphere of conversation from everyone's face and observe everyone's mental state. Always sit askew, with one leg propped up and one ankle propped up by hand, and listen to everyone carefully. Gentle, silent, firm and intelligent.
Second, a short essay was written by four writers. How did the authors organize the materials and arrange the structure? What symbols are there in the language?
The purpose of setting the topic is to let students master the structure of the article and the language that shows the writing order.
Reference answer:
The whole text seems to be a stage play. Time: Sunday. Venue: Flaubert's home, single dormitory on the sixth floor. Characters: Flaubert is the core figure, and Turgenev, Dude and Zola appear one by one. Main contents: portraits, language, actions of each character and communication between characters. The structure of the full text seems to be the structure of a stage play.
It's basically written in chronological order. "ivan turgeneve always ranks first." Write Turgenev first. "After a while, dude came", and then wrote dude. "Then there was Zola", and then wrote Zola. "Gradually, there are more and more people", and the following focuses on Flaubert. "First", "After a while", "Then" and "Gradually" are all language symbols, so we should pay special attention to them when reading.
3. Flaubert was the first teacher of Mo Bosang's literary creation. He once said to Mo Bosang, "All you want to say is one word, one verb to express its action and one adjective to describe it. Therefore, we should look for it until we find this word, this verb and this adjective, and we should never be satisfied with' almost' ... "Try to find accurate and vivid words or sentences describing characters from the text to verify Flaubert's influence on Mo Bosang's creation.
The purpose of this topic is to let students know Flaubert's famous words about the use of literary language and appreciate the accurate and vivid language used by Mo Bosang in this paper. Because of translation, Mo Bosang's brilliant use of language may have lost a lot after being translated into Chinese, but we can still see some.
Reference answer:
For example, "it's like two identical stones touching together, and from his words, generate has a little spark of enlightenment." It should be said that the word "generation" is used accurately and vividly. Two stones collide and spark, and generate is the best.
Another example is, "He drew a funny outline of a person in just a few words". "Sketch" and "outline" match well. "Just a few words" and "sketch" are also consistent.
Teaching suggestion
First, let's learn the methods of character description from this article, so that students can read silently and try to compare the different writing methods of several characters.
Secondly, this article can be used as an example of composition, so that students can learn the method of scene description. For example, the order of writing, the cutting of materials and the configuration of characters can all be inspired by the text.
Third, the text is rich in words, so that students can pay attention to accumulation.
related data
I. About Flaubert, Turgenev and Zola
Flaubert is a French writer. Born in a doctor's family. Early works Memoirs of a Madman and November are romantic and melancholy. 1857 published the novel Madame Bovary, which exposed the depravity of bourgeois morality. 1862, he wrote the historical novel Saranpo, which described the love between Maddox, the rebel leader, and Saranpo, a Carthaginian girl. The story was set in the mercenary uprising in ancient African slave countries. 1869 completed the novel Emotional Education (subtitled "The Story of Young People"), describing the life of a bourgeois youth who lost his ideals and was selfish. The Temptation of Saint Anthony, published in 1874, is based on religious legends and reflects the author's despair of bourgeois social system and spiritual culture. Bouffarde and Bai Juyi, the last unfinished novel, describes the lives of two people who can't find their ideal lives, which is full of strong pessimism. His works are concise in words and are a model of modern French prose.
Turgenev is a Russian writer. Born into a noble family. He wrote poems (Palasha, Landlord, etc.) in his early years. ). 1847 ~ 1852 published the hunter's diary, which exposed the cruelty of serf owners and the miserable life of serfs, so he was exiled. While in prison, he wrote a novella Jiang Mumu to protest against serfdom. Later, Luo Ting (1856), Noble House (1859), novella Xia, Diary of a Redundant Person and so on were published. Describing intellectuals from aristocratic landlords who are argumentative but lack the spirit of struggle. The novel Eve (1860) portrays the image of Salov, a Bulgarian revolutionary and an Englishman. Later, he published the novel Father and Son, which described the ideological conflict between aristocratic liberals and civilian intellectuals. Later novels Smoke (1867) and Virgin Land (1877) denied aristocratic reactionaries and aristocratic liberals, criticized incomplete populists, but showed pessimism. In addition, he also wrote the play Village in January and prose poems.
Zola (1840— 1902) is a French writer. Born into an engineer family. Worked as a clerk. Influenced by romanticism in his early works, he later believed in positivism philosophy and wrote a novel "Teles Lagan" to explain the protagonist's behavior with physiological reasons. The collapse of the Second Reich and the uprising of the Paris Commune prompted him to pay attention to social problems. During the period of 187 1 ~ 1893, he wrote 20 novels, among which the most important ones are Inn, Nana, Germination, Money and Collapse, and the content is mainly naturalistic. He also published "On Experimental Fiction" and put forward the principle of naturalism. After 1894, three cities (Lourde, Rome and Paris) came out one after another, exposing the despicable activities of the Roman church and reflecting the reformist thought of Utopia. After the Dreyfus case, 1898 published my complaint, criticizing the French reactionary authorities, and was sentenced to prison and then fled to Britain. The four gospels, the last novel, only completed three novels (productivity, labor and truth), and continued to play the utopian reformist thought.
Second, the author introduces (Zhang Yinglun)
Mo Bosang (1850— 1893) is a French writer. 1850 was born in a declining aristocratic family near Dieppe, a small town in Normandy, northwest France. 1870 just went to Paris to study law, which coincided with the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. He was drafted into the army and personally experienced the fiasco of the French army. After leaving the army, from 1872, he worked in the Ministry of the Navy and the Ministry of Education. The 1970s of 19 was an important preparation stage for his literary creation. Flaubert, a famous writer and a good friend of his uncle and mother, is his literary tutor.
From 65438 to 0880, Mo Bosang became famous for his "The Road to Suicide" and began his career as a writer. Most of his works are written between 1880 and 1890, including about 300 short stories, 6 novels, 3 travel notes, and many critical articles about literature and current politics.
Mo Bosang was born in a period when French capitalism was highly developed and began to transition to imperialism. He mercilessly exposed and mocked the problems existing in capitalist society, especially the ugliness of moral fashion. Only among the lower classes did he find some comforting health qualities. His works sympathize with and praise the little people in the lower classes.
Mo Bosang's literary achievements are the most outstanding in short stories, and he is known as a master of short stories. His short stories mainly depict human feelings and the world, which fully shows his talent as a painter of social customs. The layout of the idea is ingenious, and the details, the language of the characters and the ending of the story are all original. The text is concise and clear.