If you ask you which feudal dynasties have the most integrity in Chinese history, generally speaking, there will be three choices: Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty and Ming Dynasty. Among these three dynasties, it seems difficult to choose the one with the most integrity.
The Tang Dynasty was the dynasty with the largest territory among the three dynasties. It was also the dynasty with the strongest Chinese power among the three dynasties. The Tang Dynasty was the dynasty that expanded the most to the outside world. It was at its peak, but the Tang Dynasty was replaced by the Wuzhou Dynasty after three generations of emperors. Starting from the sixth emperor Tang Xuanzong, the Anshi Rebellion occurred, and it gradually declined. The period of Tang Dynasty's prosperity was relatively short, that is, the previous emperors.
The Ming Dynasty was a political power seized from the powerful foreign Mongols. The establishment of the Ming Dynasty only defeated the Yuan Dynasty, rather than destroying the Ming Dynasty. Although the Ming Dynasty never made peace with Mongolia, Mongolia's influence on the Yuan Dynasty was Threats accompanied the entire dynasty. Starting from the Tumubao Incident, the Ming Dynasty gradually weakened. Even the emperor was captured by the Oara people. This was a great shame for the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty never solved the Mongolian problem.
Personally, I think the most courageous dynasty in Chinese history is the Han Dynasty. Compared with the Han Dynasty, the integrity of the Tang Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty were always a little worse.
What is integrity? It is the strong and unyielding spirit in the bones of a nation, the spirit of being confident, refusing to admit defeat, daring to fight and shed blood, and this spirit was abundant in the Han Dynasty.
There are always people who say that marriage in the Han Dynasty was a humiliating method. Sending women and property to foreigners was considered weak. If you think so, it only means that you are not a political figure, and marriage is a form of humiliation. This kind of political method began with Liu Bang. Liu Bang was besieged by the Xiongnu on Baishan Mountain for seven days and seven nights. 400,000 Huns surrounded Liu Bang and launched attacks against Liu Bang again and again. However, they were still unable to capture Baishan Mountain. This was the result of Liu Bang's army. combat effectiveness.
Liu Bang made peace with the Xiongnu by political means to relieve his own pressure. When the Western Han Dynasty was just founded, the biggest problem he faced was the internal rebellion of kings with different surnames. Liu Bang needed to solve the internal political stability first and enhance the national strength. Only in order to compete with the Xiongnu for hegemony, this is not weakness, this is the political means for politicians to win, so it is not without reason that Liu Bang can stand out among so many princes in the late Qin Dynasty. If he knew that he was weak and had many internal problems, he still wanted to make peace with him. If the Xiongnu fights forcefully, that is called recklessness, and they will die miserably like Xiang Yu.
So marriage is actually a kind of keeping a low profile, leaving the problem to future generations, and to the Western Han Dynasty when it becomes stronger in the future. Therefore, more than seventy years later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty helped Liu Bang solve the Xiongnu problem. , the war between the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu lasted for hundreds of years, but it was the Han Dynasty that won in the end. This was Liu Bang's wisdom.
Let’s take a look at why the Han Dynasty was the most courageous dynasty in Chinese feudal society.
1. Strong force
The force of any dynasty increases from small to large, from weak to strong, and the Han Dynasty is no exception. Liu Bang, Lu Pheasant, Liu Heng, During Liu Qi's era, he practiced rule by inaction. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he began to change his national policy and start war against the Xiongnu. In fact, the Han Dynasty had no idea because the Xiongnu was completely different from the Central Plains dynasty. They were nomadic, had no cities, and came and went quickly. To fight against the Huns, you must have a large number of cavalry.
It is hard to imagine how a farming nation could muster enough horses to fight mobile and guerrilla warfare with a nomadic nation. The Han Dynasty, with its numerous famous generals, defeated the powerful Xiongnu in one fell swoop. Wei Qing and Huo Qubing of the Western Han Dynasty led the way. The Han army defeated the powerful Xiongnu, especially Huo Qubing, and created unprecedented achievements. He sealed the wolf in Xu, Zen in Guyan, and drank in Ma Hanhai. He was the first person in Chinese history to reach Lake Baikal.
Dou Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty created the victory of Yan Ran Leshi, completely eliminating the threat of the Xiongnu. From then on, the northern Xiongnu disappeared from the history of China, while the southern Xiongnu became a vassal of the Han Dynasty and completely surrendered to the Han Dynasty. During the Han Dynasty, in addition to Li Guangli's expedition to Dawan in the Western Han Dynasty, which is now Uzbekistan, this was the farthest expedition in the history of the Han Dynasty, with a journey of more than 10,000 miles. Why was the Han Dynasty so powerful in the Western Regions, and the success of Li Guangli's expedition to Dawan? Not irrelevant.
Of course, the Tang Dynasty was as powerful as the Ming Dynasty, but the Han Dynasty lasted 400 years, which was longer than the Tang Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, and the number of wise kings in the Han Dynasty was far more than that in the Tang Dynasty. North Korea and Ming Dynasty.
2. Vow to the death and not surrender
There was Su Wu in the Western Han Dynasty and Geng Gong in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Both of them were models of refusing to surrender to the death. Su Wu was just the head of an envoy to the Xiongnu. The Xiongnu detained the Xiongnu for 19 years because of the rebellion within the Xiongnu. The Xiongnu tried every means to force Su Wu to surrender, using both hard and soft methods, but Su Wu refused to surrender. The talisman as a symbol of the envoy's identity has always been treasured by Su Wu. This is Su Wu's treasure. His spiritual belief was also the reason why Su Wu refused to surrender for 19 years. He always reminded Su Wu that he was an envoy of the Han Dynasty.
Geng Gong was a captain of Wuji in the Eastern Han Dynasty, guarding Shule City in the Western Region. After the Han army returned home, tens of thousands of Xiongnu troops came back and besieged Geng Gong. At that time, except for Ban Chao, the entire Western Region Only Geng Gong was left. The Western Region Protector Chen Mu was killed, and another Wuji captain Guan Chong was killed in battle. Within a year, Geng Gong led hundreds of soldiers to resist hundreds of attacks by the Huns. Tried various methods, but could not persuade Geng Gong to surrender.
In order to express his determination not to surrender, Geng Gong deceived the Hun envoy into the city and killed the Hun envoy to drink blood and eat meat. This was the material for Yue Fei to create Manjianghong, which is a real historical prototype. Yes, the prototype is Geng Gong. Geng Gong's vow to refuse to surrender finally equaled the reinforcements of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Eastern Han Dynasty sent thousands of reinforcements from thousands of miles away just to rescue the soldiers who did not know life or death and fought on the front line of the Western Regions. This is a kind of non-abandonment. , a thousand-mile rescue without giving up.
This is the unyielding spirit of the Han Dynasty. This spirit comes from loyalty and confidence in the Han Dynasty, and from the passion and hard work of the Han Dynasty.
3. Even if he is far away, he will be killed
The famous general Chen Tang of the Western Han Dynasty once wrote a memorial to the emperor of the Han Dynasty. One sentence in it said: "The Biography of Chen Tang in the Han Dynasty" 》: It is better to hang your head in the barbarian's mansion on the street to show that those who are thousands of miles away will clearly attack the strong Han, no matter how far away they will be!
It means: The head should be hung in the street where the barbarians live, to warn the enemies thousands of miles away, so that they understand that those who violate the powerful Han Dynasty must be punished no matter how far away they are. kill.
This sentence "Anyone who openly offends the powerful Han will be punished no matter how far away" has become a very famous famous saying and a famous saying for the Chinese nation to resist foreign enemies. Whenever any foreign enemy wants to invade our Chinese nation, we will They will all give them a sentence: "Those who offend China will be punished no matter how far away they are"! This sentence is still used today and is still applicable.
This is the character of the Han Dynasty, a strong and unyielding spirit.
4. Full of Confidence
Zhang Qian created the Silk Road, but before that, he was captured by the Huns for several years, then escaped and traveled in the Western Regions for many years. Returning to the Han Dynasty again, he told Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty what he saw and heard. This feat directly created the Silk Road.
Ban Chao brought his 36 men to the Western Regions. Relying on their strength, bravery and courage, he managed to conquer the Western Regions for decades with only 36 men, and reopened the Western Regions Protectorate with one person. Mansion, this simplicity is more powerful than myth, this is self-confidence.
In the Western Han Dynasty, an envoy named Fu Jiezi brought property to lure the King of Loulan to meet him, and then sent two soldiers to kill the King of Loulan. Then Fu Jiezi said to the Loulan people: The king bears the guilt of the Han Dynasty. The emperor sent me to kill the king, and I should replace the former prince who is hostage in the Han Dynasty. The Han troops have just arrived. Don't dare to move. If you move, you will destroy the country!
The meaning of this is: King Loulan is guilty of the Han Dynasty, and the Emperor of the Han Dynasty sent me to kill him. The prince who had been left as a hostage in the Han Dynasty should be replaced as king. The Han army has just arrived. Don't act rashly. If you make any move, your country will be wiped out!
Especially the last sentence "Don't dare to move, move, the country will be destroyed!" If it were not for the strong backing of the Han Dynasty, if it was not for full self-confidence, how could an envoy of the Han Dynasty dare to do so? Saying such words is a manifestation of the strong national self-confidence of the Han Dynasty. This self-confidence makes every Han Dynasty person a person of backbone. When facing an enemy country or enemy, the performance of the Han Dynasty envoys is no less than that of countless enemies. The power of an army of ten thousand is a diplomatic tactic of subduing the enemy without fighting, and it is also the backbone of the Han people.
That’s why we are called Han people. We speak Chinese and write Chinese characters. Everything comes from the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty was the most solid dynasty in China’s feudal society.