Reflections after reading "Ye Shengtao's Collection of Chinese Education"

Inscription:

The teachings of a gentleman are metaphors. The Tao cannot be restrained, the strong cannot be suppressed, the open yet cannot be reached. If the Tao is not restrained, it will be harmonious; if it is strong but not restrained, it will be easy; if it is open but not reaching, it will be thoughtful. Heyi Yisi can be said to be a good metaphor.

——"Study Notes"

Confining students' thoughts in a narrow circle, teaching them to be like prisoners in a cell, unable to hear what the wind is singing in the distance I can't see the colors of the surrounding flowers and trees. Such loneliness and anxiety can drive people crazy.

——Ye Shengtao

Mr. Ye Shengtao is a famous writer, educator, publisher and social activist in my country.

As an educator, Ye Shengtao taught at Yanzimiao Primary School in Suzhou on February 6, 1912 to his death on February 16, 1988. He worked in education for 76 years, about half of which he was engaged in practical work. Chinese teaching work. He has taught Chinese in primary and secondary schools, "Writing", "Basic Chinese", "New Literature" and "Chinese Chinese Teaching" in college and other courses. He has been a full-time researcher at the Sichuan Education Science Center in Chengdu for more than two years. Even in his later years, he still spared no effort to promote the reform of Chinese teaching in my country, improve the quality of Chinese teaching and the quality of Chinese teachers, and published many extremely insightful insights.

From a horizontal perspective, Mr. Ye’s views on Chinese education involve all aspects of Chinese education, especially Chinese teaching in schools, such as the theory of purpose, nature, teaching materials, teaching methods, and teachers of Chinese. Cultivation theory, etc. These discussions are still refreshing to read now. However, these opinions of his are not systematically expressed in one or several works like many Chinese and foreign educators, but are scattered in a large number of speeches, papers, prefaces and postscripts, letters and various Chinese readings that he published over more than 70 years. In "Editing Examples". From his brilliant works with thousands of words, we can see the trajectory he has taken in the exploration of Chinese education, forming a complete theoretical system, in which "teaching is to achieve the goal of no need to teach" runs through his entire theoretical system. . It can be said that this conclusion is the essence of Ye Lao's Chinese education thought, and it is also a highly original and individual educational philosophy. It can be called a classic of Chinese educational philosophy and Chinese education theory. This core idea reveals the essence of teaching and constructs a complete teaching concept. It is not a specific teaching method, but a highly refined educational thought. Its main purpose is to correctly handle the relationship between teachers' teaching and students' learning, and to stimulate students' learning under the strong guidance of teachers. interest, mobilize students' enthusiasm for learning, develop students' potential, and ultimately realize students' self-education ability.

From a macro perspective, Mr. Ye proposed that the ideal state of Chinese language education is: "Able to read by oneself, without waiting for the teacher to teach; Able to write by oneself, without waiting for the teacher to correct. The training of teachers must achieve these two points , is the success of teaching." (Quoted from page 717 of "Ye Shengtao Chinese Education", only the page number will be indicated if quoted from this book) From a micro perspective, the essence of the teaching process is to gradually achieve "teaching". "No need to teach" process, each link in the teaching process is a specific step leading to "No need to teach". For example, learning as large as an article or as small as a sentence or a word must eventually reach the ability of the students to complete it independently. The teacher's task is to "be good at guiding and enlightening, so that students can work hard and achieve their goals on their own. It does not mean that teachers talk eloquently and students listen silently." (p. 725) The formation of this ability does not happen overnight, and teachers must establish it. With a long-term perspective, we start from every aspect of teaching and always prepare for this ideal state. Therefore, teachers should implement the principle of step-by-step teaching in their daily teaching, so that "students can gradually increase their knowledge, be able to understand it by themselves after unrolling the paper, and be able to comprehend it by writing." (Page 471) The profound educational thought of Mr. Ye The point is: education is not for the past or the present, but for the future. To put it bluntly, teachers should teach today, thinking about tomorrow and even the future - "to prepare children for their future survival" (Plato). In this regard, Suhomlinsky, an educator from the former Soviet Union, said it well: "If you study the connection between the work you are doing and the results you want to achieve, you will come to this conclusion: Sow the seeds today until they are well trimmed. But it is far from the case that sprouts will sprout tomorrow. In many cases, it will take several years to evaluate them. This is one of the very important laws of educational work. We are required to always look at problems from a long-term perspective ("Advice to Teachers" page 115)"

Suhomlinski's views can be said to be similar to Ye Lao's educational thoughts. All show that education is a slow art that requires patient companionship and waiting for the flowers to bloom.

At the same time, education is the work of developing the human soul and the process of promoting the growth of human life, rather than just looking at test scores. Students will rely on ability to survive in the future. Therefore, our education must not be utilitarian. Improving students' abilities should be the focus. Nowadays, we study the development of students' core competencies and subject core competencies, promote teaching reform, and find ways to realize core competencies in teaching. This requires all educators to establish a long-term perspective, from teaching students to be human beings to teaching students to learn and do things independently. rise. If we want to find a theoretical support on this road of reform, then "teaching is so that there is no need to teach" is still a good criterion. At the same time, it is not difficult for us to grasp the intrinsic connection between the fundamental spirit of Ye Lao’s Chinese education thoughts and the current curriculum reform.