The core problem of hotel preparation is to fully consider all the details of the whole project and all aspects of the project, and do these details well. Then optimize the combination according to the positioning, time schedule and scheme of the hotel preparation project, and make rational use of the planned funds. Next, I'll tell you about the hotel preparation stage. Come and have a look!
Basic principles of hotel preparation The construction of star-rated hotels is different from general construction projects and has its own particularity. The whole process, from planning, design, construction, opening and operation, is a systematic project of hotel investment. Every step needs professional thinking and careful implementation, and the close relationship between professions should be strictly considered. Hotel construction projects have huge investment and long payback period, involving planning, design, architecture, structure, ergonomics, aesthetics, environmental protection, management, decoration, aesthetics, acoustics and optics, psychology, materials science and other disciplines, which need to be well studied and systematically summarized.
At the same time, practical work such as industry and enterprise development strategy, green building development, talent team construction, improvement of construction project management level, intelligent hotel, etc. also need systematic and scientific theoretical guidance, which is implemented by professional managers.
Therefore, star-rated hotels must follow the following basic principles: thoroughness of preparation scheme, foresightedness of overall design, characteristics of function setting, rationality of regional layout and scientificity of on-site management.
Hotel preparation stage 1, project planning stage
This stage mainly includes the following points: site selection and land exploration; Market research and hotel positioning, determine the hotel scale and grade; Project positioning and feasibility analysis; Planning approval and project approval; Engineering construction, etc.
Location is the first consideration. Ellsworth statler, the father of world hotel industry standardization and the originator of modern hotel industry, has a famous saying: for any hotel, the key to success is location, location or location. His theory makes sense in this respect.
Land survey is also very important. What is the quality of geology and groundwater? Are there any hot springs? Can there be historical sites underground? Is it construction land? Whether it will affect the overall municipal planning, etc. Are all issues that need to be considered. Others, such as hotel construction standards, hotel positioning, hotel project design demonstration, market research, feasibility analysis and functional layout, must be discussed by the following personnel: investors, market research specialists, planning designers, hotel preparation and future operators, designers and supervisors. The discussion includes: background description, target determination, scope planning and definition, sequencing and duration estimation after work breakdown, schedule planning, resource planning, cost estimation and budget, quality assurance and planning, etc.
When all this is mature, it can be reported to the planning approval or project approval. After being qualified, the project can be submitted for construction and civil works can be carried out.
2. Design selection stage
Pay attention to research before planning and design. Hotel design includes commissioned design, conceptual design and budgetary estimate, construction drawing design, expansion design, electromechanical and technical design support and budget; Among them, the design is divided into architectural design and indoor and outdoor decoration design; Review, modify, optimize and finalize drawings, and handle all certificates.
This requires designers to know what kind of hotel investors want to build first. What kind of hotel is suitable for the local consumption environment? How much is the investment? How long is the payback period? What kind of design planning can avoid the waste of business area? What kind of design can avoid the waste of manpower and material resources?
How to reduce future operating costs and maintenance costs? In addition, the investor should arrange a person who knows the hotel's star rating, and put forward requirements item by item according to the hotel's star rating report and the hotel's star rating standard: whether the supporting facilities in the design meet the requirements of the expected star rating standard, such as toilets (toilet paper racks, bathtub handrails, dryer sockets, towel racks, shower curtains, telephone hanging, floor drain, water seepage), disabled toilets (handrails, cart slopes), disabled toilets, etc. In the design of many hotels, people forget to leave a disabled passage at the entrance of the lobby, and don't cut marble until the star rating, leaving aside the problem of waste, which is a serious lack of star rating concept and service consciousness. Only by taking precautions in this way can we reduce the investment in unnecessary changes.
Another point, in addition to practical requirements, it is also important to consider whether the design is beautiful or not. If you meet the above requirements, then choose a cost-effective company design to start!
3. Construction and decoration.
This is the most critical step. Construction and decoration must adopt the way of public bidding, choose a company with good reputation, and it is best to have successful cases for reference. Next is the procurement plan, bidding and implementation of building materials, contract signing, implementation and supervision, various implementation plans, safety plans, project progress reports, progress, cost, quality and safety control, scope change control, production management, site management and environmental control.
Construction requirements, civil engineering, equipment installation supervision, indoor and outdoor decoration, road pipe network engineering, environmental protection engineering, infrastructure data archiving, etc. ; In particular, moisture-proof and water leakage are the most troublesome problems in future maintenance, and quality control must be strictly controlled. The following personnel should participate in the construction and decoration: hotel builders, supervisors, indoor and outdoor decoration design and construction personnel, hotel preparation personnel, etc.
Special attention must be paid to the following problems in the construction: how to choose the type of hotel engineering equipment and facilities? How to carry out the engineering planning of strong current and weak current? How to control the cost of project preparation? How to control the formulation and operability of various schemes?
Other problems that need to be dealt with emphatically: check whether the waterproof treatment is strict, whether there is any problem with the connection interface between the pipeline well and the fire hose, whether the sound insulation treatment of the expansion joint is completed, whether the waterproof treatment of the bathroom is strict, and whether the water stain purification treatment system meets the requirements of the guest room and the catering department; Whether the calculation of electric quantity is sufficient, and whether there are problems in the installation of generators and transformers, high and low voltage distribution rooms, rat prevention, waterproof and moistureproof; Energy-saving problems of computer room and water tower in central air-conditioning system: whether the position of elevator switch and disk surface is easy to operate; Whether the fire pipeline leaks, whether the monitoring equipment is clear, whether the alarm system can be reset, whether the smoke sensitivity is too high, whether the nozzle is damaged by construction, and whether the labels of hoses, water guns, fire extinguishers and boxes are clear.
It is suggested that fire water test should be carried out before carpet laying, wallpaper pasting and furniture placement. Whether the fire doors and partition walls of the fire escape are flexible, and whether the indicating arrows and lamp holders are installed according to the standards; Whether dust-proof measures are taken after debugging the lighting and audio system, and whether the underground cables, computer systems (song ordering system, guest room software system, financial management system and attendance system), switches, broadcasting system, conference system, cable TV lines, cell phone signal test, telephone lines, broadband networks, ultra-long power amplifiers and intranet connections are normal; Whether the safety measures and inspection system have been determined after the installation of pipeline gas, hot water boiler room and electrical room.
If there is a swimming pool, whether the swimming pool equipment and facilities, water circulation system and cleaning pool can be used normally; Don't neglect the protection of hotel rockeries, gardens, reliefs, fountains, simulated flowers and trees, parking garage systems and aquarium ornamental equipment, especially in areas with typhoons. Before the garden trees take root, they must never be removed in advance just for the sake of beauty. Don't forget to equip employees with entertainment facilities, such as billiards, table tennis equipment, badminton equipment, basketball courts, internet venues, etc. Internet access is the demand of employees at present. Is the hotel equipped? Employee electronic reading room? , which can reduce the uncertain security risk of employees going out to surf the Internet; If there are large-scale outdoor advertisements and street signs, they must be put on the market after the hotel officially establishes the trial operation date, because the opening date of the hotel will generally be delayed due to engineering problems, and it must not leave the impression that it has not kept its promise;
The construction team of high-star hotels is like the organizational structure of Zoroastrianism in "Eternal Dragon Slayer". The whole team has a team leader. The team leader must be a person who is good at fighting the country and is a master of strategists, doers, technical experts and leaders. There are two deputy heads (left and right ambassadors) below: one is in charge of hotel preparation and the other is in charge of opening preparation. In addition, six protectors are needed to ensure the normal operation of the preparation.
1, Civil Engineer: Requires high-star hotel construction experience and can handle on-site construction problems;
2. Structural engineer: It is required to have experience in high-rise building construction, be able to control the steel content to the maximum extent under the premise of meeting the specifications, and be able to make optimization suggestions on the structural drawings of architectural design institutes.
3. Water supply and drainage engineer: It is required to have experience in water supply and drainage construction of high-star hotels, be familiar with the reclaimed water system of hotels, understand the corresponding construction materials, and be able to handle on-site construction problems;
4. HVAC engineer: It is required to have HVAC construction experience in high-star hotels, be familiar with various brands of central air conditioners, be familiar with the selection of pipeline materials and terminal equipment, and be able to handle on-site construction problems;
5. Electrical engineer: Experience in electrical construction of high-star hotels is required, familiar with the power configuration of high-power equipment such as power distribution and power generation, central air conditioning, elevators, pump room equipment, and experience in the gap between electricity standards and actual demand in restaurants, conferences, guest rooms and other business places;
6. Weak current engineer: It is required to have experience in the design and construction of weak current systems in high-star hotels, be familiar with the configuration of weak current projects in high-star hotels, and be familiar with the functions of integrated wiring, computer networks, program-controlled switches, building automation, automatic fire alarm and fire linkage, security monitoring and alarm, RCU intelligent control of guest rooms (including on-demand), parking lot management, electronic patrol, wireless intercom, satellite TV, electronic information display, multimedia conference, hotel management and other systems.
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