There are two kingdoms in Guangzhou in history, one is Nanyue in the late Qin Dynasty, and the other is Nanhan in the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries. Nanhan is the most powerful of the ten countries. When it was the most powerful, it controlled Guangdong and Guangxi, calling itself "small south and strong". However, it took a long time for Nanhan to develop from weak to extremely prosperous. The founder of Nanhan is named Liu Qian. Because of his active attack on Huang Chao, Tang Zhonghe was appointed as the secretariat of Fengzhou in 883. Fengzhou, in today's Fengkai County, Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, is located at the intersection of Xijiang River and Hejiang River, and Wuzhou, Guangxi, is not far to the west. After Liu Qian's death, Liu Yin, the eldest son, continued to expand his territory on the basis of Fengzhou. In the third year of Tang Dynasty (896), Liu Yin won Guangzhou, an important town in Lingnan. Liu Yin's possession of Guangzhou was like adding wings to a tiger, although the territory at that time was limited to the areas on both sides of the Xijiang River that were closed to Guangzhou. 9 17, Liu Yin's little brother (formerly known as Liu? Ada) proclaimed himself emperor in Guangzhou, and held a great title. Ada doesn't think the name Da Yue is atmospheric. The following year, the country name was changed to Han, which was called Nanhan in history. At this time, the territory of Southern Han was much larger than that of Liu. Based on the present Guangdong Province, most areas (including Hongkong and Macau) are owned by the Southern Han Dynasty, except Lian County and Yangshan in the northwest which were established by Ma Yin. Interestingly, the border between Guangdong and Fujian and Jiangxi provinces was formed in the early years of the Southern Han Dynasty and has remained basically unchanged for more than 1,000 years. At that time, Guangxi was divided into two parts, roughly bounded by Xijiang River, and northern Guangxi belonged to Chu State, including Guilin and Liuzhou. Southern Han occupied the area south of Xijiang River. In addition, Nanhan controls the whole Hainan Island, including Qiongzhou and Yazhou. At that time, the military strength of Chu was stronger than that of Southern Han, and Southern Han could only passively take the defensive in the face of Chu's aggressive situation. The eastern line holds Wuling (Yuechengling, Dupangling, Mengzhuling, Qitianling and Dayuling), and the western line holds Xijiang, basically ensuring the safety of Guangzhou. At the same time, in order to stabilize Ma Yin, a carpenter, Ada married Ma Yin's daughter. Of course, when Princess Chu marries Nanhan, Ada can still take her as a hostage ... Nanhan is under great pressure from Chu in the north, but in the southwest, Nanhan has made great gains. In the third year of the Southern Han Dynasty (930), the army of the Southern Han Dynasty wiped out the separatist forces in Annan (now northern Vietnam) established by Th?a D? However, only one year later, all the twelve states of Annan, which were not hot in the Southern Han Dynasty, fell, and Liu Yanzhi blew his beard and stared with anger. After Ada's death, the brothers and sisters in the Southern Han Dynasty ate each other, and Liu Sheng finally came to the top, which is known as the Middle School in the Southern Han Dynasty. After several years of Liu Sheng's reign, brothers and sisters of Chu also suffered cannibalism, which made Liu Sheng see the opportunity to expand its territory. In 948, Whyn Wu, a eunuch who could fight, was sent by the Southern Han Dynasty to capture Hezhou (Hezhou, Guangxi) and Zhaozhou (Pingle, Guangxi) of Chu, which was a small experiment. Three years later, the State of Chu had completely collapsed, and the Southern Han Army captured Guizhou (Guilin, Guangxi) and Liuzhou, two important cities in the southwest of Chu, a total of twelve states. In this way, the northern part of Guangxi is also owned by Nanhan. At this point, Nanhan can really be called "spanning Guangdong and Guangxi". Especially in Guangxi, it was the residence of Jingjiang province and the first city in Guangxi during the late Tang and Ten Kingdoms period. Taking Guangxi is not only safe in Guangzhou, but also safe on the north bank of Xijiang River. It's not over yet. Destroy Chu in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Because Emperor Li Jing of the Southern Tang Dynasty destroyed the Great Wall, the old place of Chu became a mess again. A month after Liu Sheng won Guangxi, he sent his troops north, rode on Tian Ling, and conquered Chenzhou, an important town in southern Hunan. The year 95 1 was the heyday of the southern Han territory, and "small south and strong" can be said to be worthy of the name. However, Wu Qi, a strategist during the Warring States Period, famously said, "It is not dangerous to be in Germany." The defense system of the Southern Han Dynasty, with the five mountains in the north as natural barriers and the Xijiang and Dongjiang rivers as barriers, can be said to be impregnable. However, Liu Sheng was easily killed, and Liu Yong's successor was very dissolute and the country fell. Since Zhou Shizong's Chai Rong Reform, the Central Plains Dynasty has become more and more powerful. In 97 1 year, Pan Mei (prototype of Pan Renmei), a general of Zhao Kuangyin School in Northern Song Dynasty, destroyed the Southern Han Dynasty with no effort. For more historical and geographical articles, please pay attention to WeChat official account: Map Emperor.