Once the news of the poet's suicide came out, people almost doubted the truth of the news. Adamovic said: "Anyone can commit suicide, but he won't." Lunacharski said: "It is almost inconceivable to associate the idea of suicide with such a person." Malkin said: "His death can't be consistent with an image that is most loyal to the revolution." What caused Mayakovski to raise his pistol at his head?
On February 28th, Ye Saining hanged himself. Because he committed suicide, although the Soviet Union did not say "cut off from the people and the party" at that time, it also launched a nationwide critical movement against "petty-bourgeois sentiment in Ye Saining". In this critical movement, Mayakovski was very active. He made many speeches and wrote a poem "To Ye Saining": "You went/got the so-called/soaring/emptiness .../You flew/entered the star/didn't advance the manuscript fee/lost the beer hall/woke up from now on." There is such a poem in Ye Saining's last poem: "Death in life is not a novelty/and living is certainly not a miracle." At the end of the poem To Ye Saining, Mayakovski hit the nail on the head with these two poems: "It is not difficult to die/create a life/in this world, but it is much more difficult." The epigrams in Mayakovski's poems, which reflect the concept of life and death, have become popular sayings for a time. Surprisingly and incredibly, five years after Ye Saining's death, Mayakovski, who strongly criticized Ye Saining's suicide, committed suicide with him. His criticism of Ye Saining in those years turned out to be a reflection of himself.
In his book Russian Literature in the Soviet Union, Mark Slonim commented on Mayakovski and Ye Saining Cui Xiji: "Ye Saining, a peasant poet, reflected the tragedy of the victims, while Vladimir Mayakovsky expressed the pride and hope of the winners. Ye Saining embodies failures and setbacks, while Mayakovski praises strength and victory. But their fate is the same: both of them committed suicide. "
All roads lead to the same goal. This became the fate of Soviet writers?
1April 26th, 930, before the poet's bones were cold, availe Bach, El Milov and fadeev, the leaders of "Lapp", jointly wrote a letter to Stalin and Molotov led by Soviet Union, and copied it to Stecki, who was in charge of literature and art, expressing a strong critical tendency: "The suicide of the poet Mayakovski aggravated the morbid phenomenon among Soviet writers and some young people. In recent days, many comrades have published articles, expressing some ideas that can only encourage unhealthy emotions ... "
Trotsky, who has been in exile, wrote in Mayakovski's Suicide: "The official report on Mayakovski's suicide was hastily announced in the language of the trial record revised by the Secretariat: Mayakovski committed suicide" ... has nothing to do with the poet's literary and social activities ". In other words, Mayakovski's voluntary death has nothing to do with his life, or his life has nothing to do with his revolutionary poetry creation. In a word, his death is just an anecdote under the police system. This is untrue, should not have, and an unwise explanation! "The boat of life ran aground"-Mayakovski commented on his personal life in a poem before his death. This means that in order to avoid unbearable personal pain,' social activities and literary activities' no longer have enough power to separate him from daily life. How can this be said to be' no connection'? "
Soviet politicians have made such a "public opinion orientation" in such a hurry, which means that they are stealing the bell, or even "there is no silver here."
Mayakovski has committed suicide for more than 80 years. However, there are endless articles about the causes of suicide, but opinions vary.
There is a saying that Mayakovski has never been married and has always maintained a strange "triangle relationship" with Osip Brick and Lilia Brick. Because Mayakovski finally can't stand the Osip brick, this originally peaceful "family structure" is facing rupture; When Mayakovski visited Paris, he met Russian Tatiana Jakovleff. Mayakovski fell in love with her beauty and elegance at first sight, and tatyana was moved by this tall and talented poet. They all fell in love. Mayakovski called tatyana "the only savior to save himself". He is eager to get to Paris to form his own family with tatiana, so as to get rid of the shadow cast by Lilia Brick on his mind. However, Mayakovski, who had successfully visited and lectured abroad many times before, was refused a passport for the first time. As a result, my sweetheart thought that Mayakovski was looking for an excuse to break his word and married a foreigner in a rage. Mayakovski, a poet, is an affectionate seed. In the year before he committed suicide, he met Polonska, the actress of Moscow Gorky Model Theatre. As soon as they touched it, they immediately discharged and became lovers in love. But since then, Mayakovski has repeatedly asked Bolanska to divorce and form a new family with him, but Bolanska has been reluctant to give a clear answer, so that the relationship between the two has changed from hot to cold, and there has been a crack that is difficult to heal ... The frustration in love has stopped the poet's burning heart. Therefore, Mayakovski's suicide was attributed to the love crisis.
There is another saying: Trotsky has the closest relationship with Mayakovski in the Bolshevik Party. Mayakovski wrote a long poem "Good", which only Trotsky praised. However, Trotsky was soon deported in the form of "shell exile"; Bukharin was the leader of the Bolshevik Party that Mayakovski had always admired, but he was expelled from the Politburo because of his differences with Stalin on economic policies. After 19 17, Mayakovski's good friend Luna Tsarski served as a member of the Education People's Committee (the Education People's Committee was always in charge of the cultural and artistic fields in the early Soviet Union). I once gave him great support, but in September 1929, I was denounced as "poor ideological management". In this way, the "freezing period" in the field of culture and art was opened ... Mayakovski's suicide was attributed to political reasons.
There is another saying: Mayakovski, a talented boy, finally ran out of talent in Jiang Lang and got into trouble in his creation. Mayakovski's new poems can no longer produce the sensational effect of the past, but are attacked and denied from all directions; The drama Bathhouse, which he had high hopes for, ended in failure for the first time. The exhibition promoting the 20th anniversary of the poet was also inexplicably cancelled. His literary friends, who share weal and woe, parted ways one by one because of a quarrel about literary views ... attributed Mayakovski's suicide to the fear of creative exhaustion.
Haizi, a poet in China, wrote the poem Autobiography of Mayakovski in 1987, which gave a poetic summary of the poet's life: "A fetus, a sunflower/a poet spent his life in a small town with a slight purple light/under that broken lamp/under a dilapidated hotel/under a stone flow/pear blossom/dreariness and inner conflict/a pear tree, Pear flower/skull crack-the arrow pot shakes silly/the white pear flower on the burning mountain is cracked/scraped off/all noise enters my language/turns into poetry and music/pear flower/on the day when I give up my life/my blackhead-kills me with a cold axe blade/lives on my blood/my blackhead grows an arm/waves an arm/exposes all teeth, daggers/blackheads full of stones. Pear blossoms "became a metaphor of" falling into the mud and grinding into dust ". Two years later, Haizi also committed suicide by lying on the track. This is obviously not written in ink. This is the life of "but I feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn".