1. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all other mountains look short under the sky ... (Du Fu's "Looking at Yue") The meaning of the poem: You must climb the highest peak of Mount Tai in the future, look around and see how low and small the mountain is. Understanding and appreciation: "Will" means "Must". These two sentences are the wish of the poet Wang Yue, expressing the poet's lofty sentiments of reaching the summit, and are a symbol of striving for strength. It not only shows the poet's heroic aesthetic feelings, but also makes us feel the poet's spirit and ambition to save the world and make contributions. 2. On the side of the sunken ship, Qian Fan and Wan Muchun are in front of the sick tree. (Liu Yuxi's "Yangzhou will enjoy Lotte at the beginning") Poetry: Next to the sinking boat, Qian Fan strives for the first time; Before a sick tree, thousands of trees strive for spring. Understanding and appreciation: The poet compares himself to a sinking ship and a sick tree. Although he feels melancholy, he is quite philosophical. Instead, I comforted my friend (Bai Juyi) not to feel sorry for him. He showed an open attitude towards the changes of the world and the rise and fall of officials. The imagery metaphor of these two poems far exceeds the poet's subjective intention. Expressing simple dialectical thinking and forward-looking optimism through the changes of natural scenery contains the philosophy that new things will replace old things. Autumn has been sad and lonely since ancient times. I say autumn is better than spring. (Liu Yuxi's Autumn Poems) Meaning: Since ancient times, whenever autumn comes, people feel sad for lonely days. I say autumn is far better than spring. Understanding and appreciation: These two poems begin with arguments and have powerful warning strategies. The poet emphasizes that autumn is better than the spring when all things are born and flourishing, aiming at the essence of frustrated ambition, disappointment with reality and pessimism about the future, thus awakening people's heroism and noble sentiment of fighting for their ideals. 4. Dongfeng and Zhou Lang, Tongque spring locks Er Qiao. (Mutu's Red Cliff) The meaning of the poem: If the east wind hadn't brought convenience to Zhou Yu, Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao would have been locked in the bronze sparrow terrace with beautiful spring. Understanding and appreciation: these two sentences are arguments, emphasizing that Zhou Yu's victory depends on the weather, geographical location and human harmony, implying the philosophy of taking the opportunity to create heroes. Silkworms will weave until they die in spring, and candles will drain the wick every night. (Untitled by Li Shangyin) The meaning of the poem: This lovesickness is like the silk (love) of a spring silkworm, which can only end when it dies; Tears of missing are like the residual fat of burning candles, which disappear bit by bit. Only when it turns to ashes will the tears of missing dry up. Understanding and appreciation: These two poems skillfully describe their respective lovesickness feelings, and through novel and appropriate metaphors, they depict the images of dynamic people born, showing their deep yearning for parting and their extremely loyal attitude towards love. Contains the philosophy of persistent pursuit. 6, not afraid of floating clouds covering your eyes, top-down. (Wang Anshi's "Climbing to the Peak") The meaning of the poem: I am not afraid of floating clouds to cover my eyes, because I am in the highest realm. Understanding and appreciation: these two poems are the focus of the whole poem, with wonderful arguments and rich philosophies. "Floating clouds" is a symbol of "evil officials cover up good"; "Being in a high position" means that he has outstanding ability, clean political style and is not afraid of being slandered by others, which shows the poet's ideal and ambition of being politically far-sighted and determined to reform. These two poems illustrate the truth of standing high and seeing far. It is a metaphor to grasp the correct position, viewpoint and method, and to be far-sighted and full of confidence when observing society and dealing with problems, to remove obstacles and overcome difficulties, and to push the cause to a new height. 7. Who says life is endless? The water in front of the door can also flow west! (Su Shi's "Huanxisha") The meaning of the poem: Who said that life is no longer young? The stream in front of the door can still flow westward. Understanding and appreciation: The poet expressed his feelings and commented on the westward flow of the stream. Prove that life may also be rejuvenated with the westward flow of streams. It shows the indomitable optimism of the poet after he was demoted, and contains the philosophy that everything depends on people. 8. There is no doubt about mountains and rivers, and there is another village. (Lu You's "Tour Shanxi Village") The meaning of the poem: In that place where mountains and rivers overlap continuously, I really doubt that the road has come to an end and I can't move forward; I didn't expect another village to appear where the willow was dark and bright. Understanding and appreciation: These two poems describe the scenery close to mountains and rivers, which contains philosophy. Stick to it and you will find a new world that has never been seen before. It reflects the poet's hope for the future and tells the truth that everything in the world is changing.