First, establish and improve a decision-making mechanism that combines public participation, expert consultation and government decisions. To achieve scientific and democratic decision-making, we must improve the decision-making mechanism that deeply understands people's sentiments, fully reflects public opinion, widely pools people's wisdom, and truly cherishes people's power. First, we must ensure that the people participate in decision-making. The people's participation in decision-making is not only a guarantee for scientific decision-making, but also a manifestation of the democratization of decision-making. It is necessary to allow the people to participate in the decision-making process and fully express their willingness to make decisions through systems such as public announcements and hearings. Second, we must strengthen the role of experts in decision-making consultation and argumentation. Strengthen the construction of research and consulting institutions, pay attention to the intelligence and expertise of experts and scholars, and carefully listen to the opinions and suggestions of experts and scholars through expert argumentation, technical consultation, decision-making evaluation, etc., so as to respect reality and respect grassroots democratic decision-making process and introduce notarial science, Respect the rules. Third, we must improve the decision-making ability and level of administrative agencies. Administrative agencies are the main body of administrative decision-making and the final decider of administrative decisions. We must strictly implement democratic centralism, implement correct centralization on the basis of democracy, and prevent protracted delays in making decisions. After decisions are made, they must be resolutely implemented to prevent everyone from doing their own thing. Second, improve administrative decision-making rules. Scientifically and rationally define decision-making power in accordance with the law, establish a decision-making system for hierarchical independent decision-making, realize the unification of administrative power, decision-making power and decision-making responsibility, and adhere to the argumentation system before decision-making, the voting system during decision-making and the responsibility system after decision-making. Major issues involving the overall economic and social development should be based on in-depth and solid investigation and research, widely listen to opinions from all sides, and be decided through collective discussion by the leadership team, and resolutely put an end to blindness, arbitrariness in decision-making, and arbitrary decisions by leaders. For major matters closely related to the vital interests of the people, social publicity and hearings must be implemented to extensively listen to the opinions of the people. For major matters that are highly professional and technical, expert demonstration, technical consultation, decision-making evaluation, etc. are also required. Third, improve administrative decision-making procedures. Scientific and rigorous procedures are an important prerequisite for correct decision-making. Only by making decisions according to procedures can blindness and arbitrariness in decision-making be effectively prevented. American Judge Frankfurter once said: "The history of freedom is, to a large extent, the history of compliance with procedural guarantees." We must insist on regarding legality review, scientific argumentation, and collective discussion as necessary links in the major decision-making process, and clarify the power and relationship between decision-making power and Responsibility, to achieve the unity of power and responsibility, and the relative separation of decision-making functions and execution functions. Major decision-making matters submitted to the meeting for discussion and decision must be accompanied by research reports and expert consultation and demonstration reports. Decision-making matters that should be announced to the public in advance require extensive solicitation of suggestions and opinions from all walks of life. Establish and improve the information collection mechanism. Correct decision-making is inseparable from comprehensive and accurate information. Establishing and improving an information collection mechanism is a prerequisite for ensuring democratic decision-making. Information collection must adhere to democratic decision-making and become China's livable city evaluation standard research system. When collecting information for decision-making, it is necessary to go deep into the grassroots and the masses and conduct extensive investigations and research. Research activities should be carried out closely around decision-making issues. During the investigation, it is necessary to fully listen to the opinions of the broad masses of party members and lower-level party committees and governments, and brainstorm to make the investigation conclusions realistic, clear and credible. Information collection must broaden your horizons and cover a wide range of topics. All information that can inspire, promote and promote decision-making, including all kinds of useful intelligence, materials, data, knowledge and experience, should be collected in a timely, accurate, sufficient and systematic manner. It is necessary to collect extensively and to highlight the purpose. Expand various ways and means of information collection. Establish and improve the social conditions and public opinion survey network, strengthen the construction of public opinion feedback channels within the system, and create an effective platform for reflecting social conditions and public opinion. Establish an information collection responsibility system, focus on first-hand materials and cutting-edge information, and have a complete set of prevention, detection and punishment systems for all kinds of fabrication. Establish and improve the consultation and argumentation mechanism for decision-making plans. Establishing and improving the consultation and argumentation mechanism for decision-making plans on the basis of full possession of information is an important step in ensuring democratic decision-making. (1) Establish an expert consultation and argumentation system. The expert consultation and argumentation system is an inevitable requirement for expanding the scope of decision-making consultation and making decision-making more scientific. Decisions on major matters, major engineering projects and decisions involving the vital interests of the masses must be submitted to expert consultation and demonstration. (2) Implement a social publicity system and hearing system for decision-making plans. Except for confidential decision-making, the entire process should be open to the public, listen to the suggestions of the masses, and accept social supervision. In terms of the social publicity system, it is necessary to clarify the scope and principles of social publicity in the form of regulations or systems; determine the specific departments and supervisory departments responsible for social publicity; stipulate specific procedures for social publicity; grasp the content of publicity; and clarify the method of social publicity.

(3) Establish a comparison system for multiple plans. "Two swords cut each other, and the sharp and the blunt reveal knowledge; two theories are intertwined, and right and wrong reveal each other." Comparing multiple options is an important method for democratic and scientific decision-making. Therefore, for major decisions, consulting agencies or experts with different backgrounds should be invited to participate in consultation and argumentation, and multiple decision-making options should be proposed; when making decisions, there should be more than two options to choose from, and no decision will be made unless multiple options are proposed. The pros and cons of different decision-making options should be analyzed and evaluated fairly and objectively. When conditions permit, demonstration meetings attended by various institutions and professionals should be organized so that the decision-making demonstration is based on comparative identification. Establishing and improving a mechanism for discussing and finalizing decision-making plans is the key to ensuring democratic decision-making. It is necessary to strictly follow the principle of democratic centralism, further standardize and improve the decision-making system for important issues and major events, effectively solve and prevent problems such as top leaders being arbitrary, and determine decision-making plans based on the best. (1) Clarify the scope of the decision-making plan. As far as local party committees are concerned, the scope of their decision-making plans mainly includes: formulating and implementing measures to implement the instructions of the superior party committee and the resolutions and decisions of the party congress at the same level; major reform plans and major fund raising and decision-making in the economic construction of the region. Introducing notarization items into the grassroots democratic decision-making process on matters such as employment; important matters in party building in the region; important arrangements for the construction of spiritual civilization and social development in the region, as well as political and legal, mass group, and armed work that require decisions and decisions of the party committee matters; cadre appointment and removal matters, including discussions and decisions on the appointment and removal of cadres managed by the party committee at the same level, recommendation of recommended candidates for reserve cadres and candidates who need to be submitted for election or appointment in accordance with the law. As far as the local government team is concerned, the scope of their decision-making plans mainly includes: the local national economic and social development plan; the local financial budget; macro-control and reform and opening up policies and measures; social management affairs; draft local regulations and government regulations ;Large-scale projects and other major matters. (2) Standardize the rules for discussion and determination of decision-making plans. When the local party and government leadership groups discuss and determine decision-making plans, they should establish and improve standardized procedures for discussing and determining decision-making plans in accordance with democratic centralism and the principles of "collective leadership, democratic centralization, individual deliberation, and meeting decisions." Before the discussion and finalization, the detailed materials of the two to three pre-selected plans that have been consulted and demonstrated should be sent to the participants in advance to ensure that the participants have enough time to understand the situation, think deeply and fully discuss; during the discussion and finalization, the participants will When opinions on decision-making matters are relatively consistent, voting can be carried out. When opinions on major issues are greatly different, voting should be postponed, modifications, improvements, communication and consultation should be continued after the meeting, and voting will be held at the next meeting. (3) Improve the voting method for decision-making. During the survey, some places reported that they wanted to change the voting method of simply expressing "agree" or "disagree" when voting. In major government decisions, decisions made by the main leaders in opposition to the opinions of the majority should be specifically noted in the records; some also proposed that in traditional voting methods such as oral, show of hands, secret voting and registered voting, Secret voting and registered voting have the best effect. Among them, secret voting should be implemented on cadre and personnel issues. (4) Establish a recording and filing system for discussions and determinations. When the party and government leadership team discusses and decides on matters, they should truthfully record various opinions and main reasons, strictly keep statistics on the voting results, and record the voting results and voting methods. Establishing and improving a mechanism for correcting and correcting errors in decision-making is the key to ensuring scientific and democratic decision-making. In the process of democratic decision-making, in addition to supervising all aspects before and during democratic decision-making, it is important to supervise the implementation of plans after decision-making. It is necessary to timely modify and improve the decision-making plan through tracking and feedback of the implementation process of the decision-making plan to ensure that democratic decision-making is more objective and practical, and the implementation of the decision-making plan receives more effective results. For example, an information disclosure system for the implementation process of decision-making plans should be implemented, and the decision-making plans discussed and determined at meetings must be publicized in an appropriate and hierarchical manner. Implement a decision-making implementation tracking and feedback system, focusing on tracking whether decisions are implemented to the letter, whether new situations and problems arise, whether decisions need to be adjusted and revised, etc. Establish a social evaluation mechanism for the decision-making implementation process. For the party and government leadership team, the evaluation of the implementation of their own decisions must not only collect information feedback within the party and government system, but also consider the reflection of their own decisions by the National People's Congress, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and all sectors of society, and based on information feedback from all aspects, Detect and correct errors in decision-making promptly. On the one hand, we need to improve the decision-making evaluation mechanisms of the National People’s Congress and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

On the other hand, to introduce a public evaluation mechanism, public satisfaction must be used as the fundamental criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of decision-making. Establish and improve decision-making supervision and accountability mechanisms to clarify the responsible subjects and responsibilities of members of the party and government leadership team for decision-making. Responsible subjects include individuals and collectives. Individuals include all participants in the entire process of major decision-making; collectives mainly include the party committee and government leadership. Violations of laws and disciplines that should be held accountable mainly include responsibility for violation of procedures, violation of regulations, especially responsibility for arbitrary operations not in accordance with prescribed standards and conditions, responsibility for concealing or distorting the truth, responsibility for abuse of power, etc. Implement multi-faceted decision-making supervision. Strengthen the supervision of party committees and governments at higher levels. Party committees and governments at higher levels must organize an inspection every year to evaluate and review the quality of decision-making at lower levels. Strengthen the supervision within the leadership team, strengthen the supervision of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and strengthen the supervision of the masses. Through the disclosure of decision-making suggestions, decision-making processes, and decision-making results, and acceptance of public supervision, the public can report their opinions to the local party committee and government, or directly to the higher-level party committee and government, forming effective public supervision. Establish an accountability system for decision-making errors. It is necessary to define the corresponding relationship between decision-making errors, execution errors and the subject of the error from an institutional perspective, and to refine the identification of responsibilities. It is necessary to clarify the responsibilities and punishment standards for those who make wrong decisions from the system.