Scientific laws cannot be strictly proved by mathematics, but they have been proved correct by experiments and practical observations. The most familiar laws of science come from physics, such as Newton's three laws, because physics is the foundation of all natural sciences. Learning chemistry, biology and even electronics should start with physics.

Other laws come from disciplines other than physics, such as Murphy's Law in psychology.

Edward A. Murphy is a captain engineer at Edwards Air Force Base in the United States. 1949, he and his boss, Major stapp, participated in the deceleration overweight experiment of MX98 1 rocket conducted by the US Air Force. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the tolerance limit of human beings to acceleration. One of the experimental projects is to hang the 16 rocket accelerometer above the subject. At that time, there were two ways to fix the accelerometer on the bracket, but incredibly, someone methodically installed all the 16 accelerometers in the wrong position. Murphy made his famous conclusion-Murphy's Law, which spread quickly. The original words of Murphy's law are as follows: If there are two or more ways to do something, and one of them will lead to disaster, then someone will definitely make this choice. The main content of Murphy's law is: if things are likely to go bad, no matter how small the possibility is, it will always happen.

There are still some laws that have been circulating for a long time, but they can only be regarded as life experience or philosophy, and have nothing to do with science. For example, Parkinson's law: incompetent officials may have three ways out: first, apply for resignation and give up their seats to competent people; The second is to let competent people help him with his work; The third is to hire two people who are lower than themselves as assistants. ?

Washington's law of cooperation: one person perfunctory, two people shirk each other, three people will never accomplish anything. ?

Law of barrel: The water quantity of barrel does not depend on the tallest board on the barrel wall, but on the shortest board on the barrel wall.

One of the most interesting laws may be Planck's scientific law, which is called "the truth of scientific truth":

A new scientific truth will not win by convincing its opponents and letting them see the light, but because its opponents will eventually die, and a new generation familiar with it will grow up.

This sentence can be translated into: "A new scientific truth is not won by persuading its opponents to see the light of truth, but by the fact that these opponents eventually die and a new generation familiar with it grows up."

Is it a historian of science and technology or a philosopher of science Thomas? T.S. Kuhn quoted a famous saying of Max Karl ernst ludwig Planck in the book The Structure of Scientific Revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1970.

Planck's scientific law was put forward because of the suicide of a great man. This great man is Boltzmann. Boltzmann is a great statistical physicist. Most of us have studied Boltzmann's statistical physics now. We are all deeply impressed by it, because in those days, such profound thoughts were rare. It's a pity that such a great man later killed himself. There are many reasons, one of which, perhaps the most important, is that his theory was not recognized by people at that time. At that time, people didn't regard him as an authority like we do now, so someone had an academic dispute with him, and Boltzmann was obviously at a disadvantage in the debate. What are they arguing about? Today, the controversial issue seems absurd to us. That is to say, what is matter made of? Boltzmann advocates atomism, that is, matter is made up of atoms. His main rivals are ostwald and Mach. They advocate elite management. Why is the material difference in this world so great? The fundamental reason is that their energy is different. As no one has seen atoms, Boltzmann can't convince others. So Boltzmann became depressed and committed suicide. Planck summed up the debate between Boltzmann and ostwald and made the above summary. He told young people who like to argue that arguments can't convince others, and there is no benefit except making enemies. Only time will tell that you are right.

There are also some universal laws in the field of electronic science. The most famous law is Moore's Law.

Moore's Law was put forward by Gordon Moore, one of the founders of Intel. The promulgation of this law has greatly enhanced the confidence of investors and promoted the development of integrated circuits and even the entire information industry. This law has been repeatedly hyped, so that it presents several versions, mainly as follows: First, the number of integrated circuits on integrated circuit chips doubles every 18 months. Second, the performance of microprocessors doubles every 18 months, while the price drops by half. Third, the computer performance that a dollar can buy quadruples every 18 months. These statements are similar, and the core is to reveal the speed of information technology progress.

Moore's law is not a scientific law, but an industry forecast. Industry forecasts are common in recent years. For example, Ma Yun's predictions frequently appear in newspapers, such as "the following five occupations will disappear in the next five years" and "these industries will make the most money in the next decade" and so on. As a giant in the Internet industry, Bezos, the founder of Amazon, has also made predictions, the most famous of which is the so-called "Bezos Law". This law says that with the development of science and technology, human society has entered the post-Moore era. In the post-Moore era, the improvement of computing individual combat capability is close to the ceiling, and a brand-new group combat mode will dominate the future computing development. This mode of team warfare is cloud computing. In the development of cloud computing, the price of each computing power unit will drop by about half every three years.

Just as Moore's Law points out the direction for the electronics industry, Bezos Law tells us that most enterprises should turn to public cloud technology in order to save cost, manpower and maintenance. The first reason is cost. Self-built data center needs to purchase hardware, as well as fixed costs such as maintenance, power consumption and refrigeration, as well as construction and labor required to operate the data center. In addition, the data centers built by enterprises are also difficult to compete with cloud providers such as Google, IBM, Microsoft and Amazon.

Moore's law was put forward in 1965, and it has been strictly tested and confirmed by the integrated circuit industry. Bezos' law was put forward around 20 14. At present, the business model and profit prospect of cloud computing are still controversial. But as an industry forecast, we can't ask too much.