Greek mythology (Greek: ελληνικ μυθολογα) is all the myths about the gods, heroes, nature and universe history of the ancient Greeks. Greek mythology is the spiritual product of primitive clan society and the earliest literary form in Europe. Approximately produced before the 8th century BC, it formed its basic scale based on long-term oral transmission by the original Greek people and drawing on myths from other countries that spread to Greece. It was later developed in Homer's Epic and Hesiod's The Gods They were recorded in the "Music Spectrum" and ancient Greek poetry, drama, history, philosophy and other works. Later generations organized them into the current ancient Greek mythology stories, which are divided into two parts: stories of gods and legends of heroes.

Most of the ancient Greek myths or legends come from ancient Greek literature, including "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" in "Homer's Epic", Hesiod's "Work and Time" and Theogony, Ovid's Metamorphoses, and other classics, as well as plays by Aeschylus, Sophocles, Helena, and Euripides. Myths talk about the origins of the gods and the world, the struggle between the gods for supremacy and eventual victory by Zeus, the love and quarrels of the gods, the impact of the gods' adventures and powers on the mortal world, including natural phenomena such as storms or seasons, and The relationship between worship place and ritual. The most famous stories in Greek myths and legends include the Trojan War, the travels of Odysseus, Jason's search for the Golden Fleece, the exploits of Heracles (Ηρακλ) (Heracles), Theseus ( The adventures of Θησα and the tragedy of Oedipus.

Greek mythology originated from the ancient Aegean civilization and is slightly similar to the Chinese Shang and Zhou civilization. They are the ancestors of Western civilization, with outstanding nature and extraordinary imagination. In those primitive times, they felt mysterious and incomprehensible about natural phenomena and human life and death, so they continued to fantasize and meditate. In their imagination, everything in the universe is alive. However, after the Dorians invaded the Aegean civilization, they had to look outside to expand their living space because the Greek peninsula where they lived was overpopulated. At this time, they worshiped heroes and heroes, thus many national heroic stories in which humans and gods were intertwined were produced. These stories of people, gods, and objects created by people have been quenched by time and are collectively called "Greek mythology" by historians. The period from the 11th to the 7th and 8th centuries BC is called the "Mythic Age." Mythological stories were originally passed down orally, and it was not until the seventh century BC that the great poet Homer recorded them in the "Epic".

Twelve main gods

According to legend, there were twelve main gods of Olympus in ancient Greece: the twelve main gods of Olympus

Zeus (Zeus) - Olympus The head of the main god Lympus, the lord of gods, the god of sky, thunder and lightning, and dark clouds

Hera - Queen of Heaven, protector of women, in charge of marriage and fertility. Also known as the Romans Written by Juno Monalida (the third daughter of Cronus and Rhea, the sister and wife of Zeus)

Poseidon - the god of the sea and the shaker of the earth Demeter (the second brother of Zeus)

Demeter - the goddess of agricultural fertility, she is the second daughter of Cronus and Rhea, the second and fourth sister of Zeus a wife. She and Zeus gave birth to the Queen of the Underworld - Persephone (goddess of spring)

Athena (Athena) - goddess of wisdom, war, peace, law, order, science and technology, and labor. One of the virgin goddesses (Ares represents violence and bloody battles, and Athena represents the battle of justice)

Apollo (Apollo) - the god of light, prophecy, youth, and medicine God of animal husbandry, music, etc. Driver of the Sun Chariot. (Son of Zeus and Leto, twin brother or brother of Artemis. Confused with Helios in the 5th century BC)

Artemis (Artemis) - God of women and goddess of hunting , Moon goddess (daughter of Zeus and Leto. One of the three goddesses, the god of women, the embodiment of female purity. Confused with Selene in the 5th century BC.

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Aphrodite - the goddess of beauty and love, also known as "Venus" (the essence in the body after Cronus chopped Uranus into pieces with a magic axe) Throwing it into the Aegean Sea, Aphrodite was born)

Ares - God of war, strength and bravery (son of Zeus and Hera.)

Hephaestus - God of fire, god of forging and craftsmanship, patron saint of blacksmiths (son of Zeus and Hera, husband of Aphrodite. But the beautiful Aphrodite did not appreciate it Hephaestus's skillful hands and appearance often lead him to have affairs with other gods)

Hermes - the god of business, market, travel, transportation, and theft. Rendition from the underworld (son of Zeus and Maia, messenger of the gods.)

Dionysus (Dionysus)-god of wine, god of drama (abdicated by Hestia, goddess of the hearth). He is the only god with mortal blood among the twelve main gods)

Hades (Hades) is in charge of the souls in the underworld and all the treasures in the underground. Another version says that he is the king of the underworld. He is the strongest among the three main gods (ie, the underworld, the sea, and the sky). (Also the brother of Zeus and Poseidon), he was removed from the position of the twelve main gods due to conflict with Zeus, and only came to Mount Olympus during meetings on the winter solstice. )

Hestia - goddess of the hearth and home (disputed with Hades, the god of Hades)