1) Historical Origin guanxian is an early developed area in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, where human activities began 500,000 to 600,000 years ago. As early as the Tang Yu era, there was a gun dike in the county seat, which was originally built when the tribal leader Gun was sent by Yao to build a dike to control water. Gun Dike, also known as Golden Dike, Tai Huang Dike and Ancient Dike, was written by Sima Guang, a great statesman and writer in Song Dynasty. There is a saying that "the artillery dike in Dongjun is ancient, and fireworks have always been rare". One of the eight scenic spots in the county recorded in Vitamin Old County Records. Guanxian has a long history. (2) Historical Events guanxian is a place with frequent disasters in history. Drought, waterlogging, alkali, wind, sand and locusts have brought heavy disasters to the working people; The cruel oppression of the reactionary ruling class in the past dynasties and the repeated wars and looting have made this place a bitter country. For thousands of years, the people of guanxian have honed their industrious and brave character in hard life and forged a strong revolutionary struggle spirit under cruel oppression. In the long old society, countless generous and tragic historical dramas were staged here, and the storms of armed struggle broke out one after another. 1, black flag army uprising. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Yang, a native of Duozhuang Village in Sang 'a Town, and Guo Haode, a native of Daoguang County, both accepted disciples to develop their armed forces in the form of folk secret sects, and were on an equal footing with the Qing court. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), the county people could not bear the exploitation of exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees, and "gathered people to resist the official and make trouble". Yang Tai, a han cun native of Tianlong Bagua Palm, taught the first, the seventh and the seventh, and "became one with heaven and promoted righteousness". He set up five flag armies of green, blue, red, white and black, launched an armed uprising, galloped the battlefield and frightened the ruling and opposition parties. Song Jingshi, a native of Xiaoliu Guanzhuang, led tens of thousands of Black Flag Army, holding high the banner of anti-feudal struggle, which was mighty and invincible. Conquering 13 county one after another, killing county officials and burning county officials had a great impact on western Shandong and southern China, dealt a heavy blow to the Qing government and wrote a glorious page in the history of peasant war. 2. guanxian religious plan. In the 13th year of Guangxu (1887), the "temple struggle" between villagers in Liyuantun (now Wei County, Hebei Province) and foreign missionaries, that is, the famous "guanxian religious plan" in China's modern history, ignited the fire of the Boxer Rebellion and made guanxian the birthplace of China's famous anti-imperialist patriotic movement. Yan, Gao Yuanxiang and others led tens of thousands of Boxers, "Moose swarmed with swords and spears", burned foreign churches, killed reactionary priests, thrashed the Qing army and hit western powers hard, leaving a magnificent chapter in the history of China's revolutionary struggle. (3) According to historical records, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Ran Zhonggong, a famous disciple of Confucius, traveled around the world and stopped for dinner, hence the name Ma Zhan and later homophonic Ma Zhai. Ran yong, a disciple of Confucius, gave a lecture here, and his bones were buried here. After his death, he was buried in Wangduan Village, Wanshan Township, where later generations built Ranzi Temple. Mencius, an Asian sage, once passed by Zhangping Village in front of Zhuang Yan's hometown, leaving a famous saying that "wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent". In order to commemorate this event, Zhang built a pavilion here in the Eastern Han Dynasty. According to legend, Yu Wenhuaji, the prime minister of Sui Dynasty, once lived here and left a cultural platform in Renwa Village, Dingzhai Township. In the Tang Dynasty, Lu, his son, Lu Long, and his grandson were all scholars, in charge of the imperial history and the Chinese secretariat. Yan Lu was thirty-six years old and moved to Zuopu Street to shoot, which attracted the attention of the ruling and opposition parties. In the Tang Dynasty, Lu Sui, a county native, was famous for his proverbs in 15. The Nineteenth Biography of Old Tang Dynasty takes four pages as Lu Sui's biography, which highly evaluates his noble personality and historical achievements. In the Five Dynasties, Yang, the county magistrate, was famous for remonstrating death, and was later named "King of Hongnong". During the Song and Liao Wars, Xiao Yan, the Empress Dowager of Liao, was stationed in Malaysia, and the "Ma Shoes City" and its platform still exist today. Yuan Hao, a great writer who used to be the left-hand man of Shangshu Province in Jin Dynasty, asked overseas Chinese to stay in Guanshi County for four years after Jin's death, and wrote a lot of poems such as "Four Apricot Flowers in Guanshi Zhaozhuang" to express their concern for the country and the people. The famous tea boxing was born here, and generations of famous tea boxing teachers are famous at home and abroad. In the Ming Dynasty, people in counties and counties were particularly popular in reading, and talented people came forth in large numbers. At that time, there were only 15 Jinshi in the county, and more than 260 people were officially recorded outside. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Qian Kai, a magistrate in Hejian, guanxian, and Zhao Xipu, a magistrate in Zhili, were praised by people for not being afraid of powerful people, caring about the sufferings of the people, and being honest and clean. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, this hot land gave birth to the world-famous peasant leader Song Jingshi's martial arts accomplishment of "begging for the spirit to be a saint through the ages". Since the 20th century, especially under the leadership of the * * * production party in China, there have been many talented people here. Only 1998 edition of Liaocheng People's Dictionary included 64 people during the Republic of China, including 2 county heads of anti-Japanese democratic governments, 3 county party secretaries and 27 famous martyrs. There were 356 people in People's Republic of China (PRC), including 29 at the provincial and ministerial level, 84 at the division level/kloc-0, and 3 1 person at the professor level or equivalent. Guanxian not only contributed Zhao Jianmin, Wang, Wang Lizhi, Xu and Jiao Shanmin to the construction of People's Republic of China (PRC), but also trained a large number of scientific and technical professionals, such as Wen Junfeng, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, Wang Yingmin, a country poet Ding Qingyou and a famous writer Guo. Zhao Jianmin, a former leader of Shandong and Yunnan provinces and the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics, was the founder of the Party organization in guanxian and the party, government and army in northwest Shandong, and made outstanding contributions to national liberation and national construction. The People's Daily once made a special report. Anti-Japanese county magistrate Qi Nanfeng, "Tielian" company commander Wang Delin, militia hero Geng Xihua, steel warrior Sun Limin and a large number of * * * producers and "June 2nd Martyrs" who live forever in the fire, did not hesitate to devote themselves generously to national liberation and the rejuvenation of the motherland, and they are even more brilliant. During the period of socialist modernization, a number of outstanding figures emerged, such as experts, scholars, poets, writers, national model workers, etc., and their cause had a great influence in the whole region and even the whole country. Dai Xiuting, a model teacher, has devoted her blood and life to rural education for 30 years as a private teacher. Jiang Chunyun, member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and former secretary of Shandong Provincial Party Committee, called him "a typical representative of educators". Their fame will be handed down from generation to generation, and their achievements will go down in history forever. (IV) Cultural Relics and Monuments Cheng Xiao Site Cheng Xiao is located in the southeast of Taocheng, Beiguan 2. Five kilometers away. A.D. 1004 (the first year of Song Jingde), Xiao Taihou, a Liao country, led his brother to build a city here when he invaded (now southwest of Puyang County), also known as "Ma Shoes City". The city is square, and its walls are made of mud. Due to years of geomantic erosion, the city walls are uneven. Looking from a distance in foggy days, the city walls are like countless peaks, which are spectacular. Therefore, "Cheng Xiao Xiao Yan" is one of the eight scenic spots in Guantao County in the old days. Cheng Xiao is now listed as a city-level cultural relics protection unit. Wuxun Temple Wuxun is a native of Wujiazhuang, Tangyi County, Shandong Province. He was born in a department store in 1838. He is a strange and great figure in the educational history of China. He established three voluntary schools by begging all his life. The Qing government used the plaque of "being charitable". 1896 Wu Xun died of illness. 1903, Wuxun Temple was built. After 1976, Liulin Town donated money for maintenance. The main hall is 5 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep, with brick and wood structure and a rest hill. Sit north facing south, east and west 16. 30 meters, north and south 10. 25 meters. Wu Xun Temple is now a county-level cultural relics protection unit.