What is the biggest headache for recruiters in these employment seasons? It's not a massive resume, it's not an incomprehensible self-introduction, but those registration photos that have been over-decorated by computer software!
Some people lament that it is no longer difficult to see "original ecology" photos on job seekers' resumes. Among them, there is the vanity of job seekers, but to a greater extent, it is tired by social culture, and the recruiter is also to blame.
An interesting question follows: since when do people tend to judge others' abilities, even their intelligence? This is contrary to the popular folk saying that "God is fair to people, and if you are given more beauty, you will be given less wisdom".
In fact, the relationship between appearance and intelligence has aroused the interest of the scientific community many years ago. There are two relationships to be solved in this mystery:
1. What is the relationship between appearance and intelligence?
Second, how do the general public view this relationship?
Who says smart people are usually ugly?
A recent study by Zen-Zhou Kanazawa, an evolutionary psychologist at the London School of Economics and Political Science, shows that the IQ of beautiful children is higher than that of their peers 12.4. There is a growing voice in academic circles: "Smart people are usually ugly" is out of date.
In the past nearly 100 years, many researchers have been longing for beauty and wisdom. At first, scientists tried to explore whether a person's IQ can really be judged by his appearance.
19 18 A researcher in Ohio, USA, did an experiment and showed a panel of doctors and teachers more than a dozen portrait photos of children wearing the same clothes. Group members were asked to judge and rank children's intelligence according to portrait photos-from the cleverest to the dumbest. The result of this subjective judgment will be compared with the result of objective intelligence test. A few years later, a psychologist in Pittsburgh, Germany, did a similar experiment, using portraits of 69 employees in department stores. Since then, many scientists have done research similar to the above experiments.
Their conclusion is almost the same: people can judge their IQ by their ugliness. However, scientists have never been able to figure out what information those photos convey.
Researchers in Ohio said that some of his subjects were "deeply influenced by pleasant appearance or smile, but it is worth noting that some of them think that smile means wisdom, while others think that smile means imbecility or mental deficiency (in other words, everyone's understanding of smile may be completely different)." Researchers in Pittsburgh believe that perhaps the mystery of wisdom is not hidden in the "luster of the eyes."
When researchers were puzzled by this problem, edward thorndike, a psychologist at Columbia University, made another related discovery. 1920, Thorndike put forward the theory of "halo effect". According to this theory, when we are asked to describe the diverse qualities of others, we tend to "enlarge a certain feature of the description object, thus affecting our view of the whole person". Subsequent studies have proved that the halo effect can be deduced from a photo: if a person is handsome, we are likely to infer that he is also smarter, more sociable, more accident-conscious and more reasonable.
In this way, there are three related conclusions. First of all, this phenomenon does exist, and people will judge the intelligence of others by their looks; Secondly, when we judge people by their appearances, we often think that ugliness is positively related to low intelligence. In other words, we always think that only people have looks, and no one has no looks; Finally, there is some truth in this tendency.
So, is it true that beauty and wisdom are partners and ugliness and stupidity are partners?
The latest research results come from Zen Zhou Kanazawa, an evolutionary psychologist at the London School of Economics and Political Science. His research data were taken from the British National Child Development Study (including 1958) and the American National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health (including 2 1980), both of which recorded the looks and intelligence test scores of this population in the archives. Kanazawa found that the IQ of beautiful children is higher than that of their peers 12.4. When he controlled the family background, nationality, height, figure and other factors, this relationship still held.
Kanazawa believes that the halo effect is not the "cognitive illusions" presumed by many academic schools, but more like an accurate interpretation of the world. "Beautiful people make people feel smarter because they are."
Not all studies have the same answer as Kanazawa. A recent study on the yearbook album 65438-0957 of a high school in Wisconsin, USA, found that for boys, appearance has nothing to do with intelligence; But for girls, looks and IQ are positively correlated. A study by Brandeis University in the United States noticed that the so-called positive correlation conclusion seems to be only applicable to people with poor looks. In other words, beautiful people may be stupid, but ugly people are unlikely to be smart.
However, none of the above voices can answer a poll result of 20 1 1 interpreter website. Every year, netizens vote for the "annual question" on this website. The most frequently asked question that year was "Why is wisdom always out of touch with beauty but often accompanied by ugliness?" "If the halo theory is really established, why do so many netizens ask such questions and why do they have such an impression?" "In life, we are familiar with typical nerds who are not good-looking but have superior intelligence; On the other hand, how to explain the images of ladies and gentlemen who appear on TV with beautiful faces but empty heads? Is beauty and wisdom harmonious? "
Some people say that Sartre, for example. He is not tall, wears a pair of big-rimmed glasses and has severe strabismus. "I can't even tell whether (my face) is beautiful or ugly," he asked a character to say in his early work Nausea. "I think it's because I'm ugly." Saint Socrates has sparse hair, big nostrils, big eyes and a big belly. Beethoven is not only ugly, but also smelly. The face of American President abraham lincoln became "so ugly and beautiful" in Whitman's poems.
One explanation is that "ugly genius" gives people the impression of "countless" in the long history of China and foreign countries because it is "abnormal", so it is impressive, but it does not account for the majority in number.
Those who support this theory take the famous Hollywood school high flyers as a typical example: Natalie Portman, for example, "starred in Star Wars and This Black Boy is Not Too Cold, completed high school with 4.0 credits, obtained a bachelor's degree in psychology from Harvard University, and completed graduate studies at Hebrew University, fluent in Hebrew and French"; Cindy crawford, "Supermodel, graduated from high school, with 4.0 credits, got a full scholarship and studied chemical engineering at Northwest University"; Kate beckinsale, who starred in Van Helsing and Pearl Harbor, studied French and Russian literature at Oxford University for three years. When I was a teenager, my short stories and poems won the All England Award twice. Hedy lamarr, "a beautiful movie star in 1930s and 1940s, was also the first applicant for the joint patent of spread spectrum communication technology, and this concept was later applied to Wifi wireless network".
Their deeds keep repeating themselves. "This is not a list of geeks who happen to be beautiful." There is a voice in academic circles that the saying that "smart people are usually ugly" is out of date.
The result of the combination of beauty and wisdom and the continuous optimization of genes?
The reason why fathers make great contributions to the inheritance of looks may be a reflection of human instinct of "self-protection". Because there is no doubt about who is the mother and who is the father, they must be like the father, which is beneficial to the baby and can also urge the father to invest more love.
If there is really a positive correlation between beauty and ugliness and IQ as Kanazawa said, then the next question worth discussing is: Why?
At present, there are many explanations in academic circles. For example, some genetic factors determine beauty and wisdom. A doctor of sociology at Cambridge University answered the reporter: "Same-sex marriage in society". In academic circles, this is a highly recognized explanation, that is, the continuous combination of wisdom genes and beauty genes. In other words, men with higher intelligence are usually at the top of the social class, or "successful men". They usually marry beautiful women, and their descendants only have both wisdom and beauty-this is completely different from Bernard Shaw's bitter famous saying that "fools will always find more fools to admire him".
This view has been supported by the field of evolutionary psychology, and the voice from the biological field is further analyzed. Mothers make great contributions to intelligence and fathers make great contributions to appearance. The reason put forward by those who hold this view is that human intelligence-related genes are mainly concentrated on the X chromosome. In addition, women have two X chromosomes (one from their father and one from their mother), while men only have 1 (from their mother), so the mother's intelligence plays a more important role in the inheritance of boys. The reason why fathers make great contributions to the inheritance of looks, American psychologist Christenfeld explained, may be a manifestation of human instinct of "self-protection", because there is no doubt about who is the mother and the father, so we must be like fathers, which is beneficial to babies and can also urge fathers to invest more love.
"The boy's chromosome is XY, so the boy's IQ is inherited from his mother; Girls are XX, so half of their IQ is influenced by their parents. Because the IQ of girls is influenced by their parents at the same time, there will be a neutralization effect, and the IQ distribution of girls will show a natural distribution, that is, the middle is the most and the poles are less. Boys are only affected by one side, and the IQ distribution will be biased towards both ends. In other words, there are many geniuses among boys and many boys among fools ... "Please note that there is still great controversy in the academic circles at present, but this does not seem to hinder the people's enthusiasm for spreading this" quality baby birth experience ".
"This is actually a very complicated issue, and the folk story is not reliable. At present, however, there is a view that mothers have a greater influence on genetic factors-genes spend more than 9 months in their mothers during the transcription and coding of genetic information. However, there are still many unsolved mysteries about how the maternal environment affects or changes this genetic process. " Professor Lu Daru from the School of Life Sciences of Fudan University told the reporter.
In fact, related research is one of the hot topics in the field of life science in recent years: epigenetics. Simply put, in the genetic process, DNA is transcribed into RNA, RNA is translated into protein, and protein is coded one by one. This process eventually creates people with parental genetic factors and individual differences. At first, genes with coding function were sought after by academic circles. Scientists believe that this is the "source" of the genetic mystery. However, with the deepening of research, researchers found that those "non-coding genes" that have no coding function also play an important role in the genetic process-they can't code, but they may modify them, and as a result, the outcome has changed.
"The genes passed from mother to child have not changed, but DNA has been modified in the genetic process. To put it more vividly, it may be that wearing clothes and painting nails has changed the function. This is a relatively popular explanation of epigenetics. In the mother, how does the environment created by the mother uterus for fetal development affect the modification process? There is no conclusion. " A doctor of biology explained this.
There is also a cautious view that children inherit various physical factors from their parents at the same time, so the influence of genetic factors obtained from their mothers or fathers is the same. The so-called "combination of beauty and intelligence" may have greater sociological significance than biology, that is, the external environment that children contact will have an impact on their appearance and intellectual development. For example, beautiful children usually get more attention from people around them and receive more detailed education when they grow up, so their talents are better developed and cultivated.
"But just like people's research on constellations and blood types, there are still many accidental factors here!" Geneticists have repeatedly stressed.
The rise of plastic surgery culture, the sequela of "judging people by their appearances"
Statistics show that beautiful employees can bring higher income to enterprises, and most of them can also create above-average profits for enterprises. Face experts even suggested to employers that if applicants are equally qualified in all aspects, how should the relationship between appearance and intelligence affect social people-judge people by their appearances? Is it reasonable?
What is the biggest headache for recruiters in these employment seasons? It's not a massive resume, it's not an incomprehensible self-introduction, but those registration photos that have been over-decorated by computer software!
Some people lament that it is no longer difficult to see "original ecology" photos on job seekers' resumes. Among them, there is the vanity of job seekers, but to a greater extent, it is tired by social culture, and the recruiter is also to blame.
An interesting question follows: since when do people tend to judge others' abilities, even their intelligence? This is contrary to the popular folk saying that "God is fair to people, and if you are given more beauty, you will be given less wisdom".
In fact, the relationship between appearance and intelligence has aroused the interest of the scientific community many years ago. There are two relationships to be solved in this mystery:
1. What is the relationship between appearance and intelligence?
Second, how do the general public view this relationship?
Who says smart people are usually ugly?