Author: Du Fu

I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.

The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.

There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.

The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.

Precautions:

1, Wu Chu sentence: Wu Chu is in the southeast of China; Teal: Split.

2. Gan Kun: refers to the day and month.

3. Hummer: refers to war.

4. Guanshan North: the northern border.

5. By the porch: by the window.

Translation:

I have long heard of Dongting Lake, which is famous at sea.

Today, I was lucky enough to climb the Yueyang Tower by the lake.

The giant elephant in that great lakes divide the southeast of Wu Chu,

Heaven and earth are like floating on the lake day and night.

Wandering relatives and friends don't say a word,

Old and infirm people live on this lonely ship.

The fighting north of Guanshan has not stopped,

Looking out the window, crying at home and abroad.

Appreciate:

In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu went out to roam the two lakes. This poem is a masterpiece of climbing Yueyang Tower to see the hometown and touching the scenery. I heard that Dongting was famous. However, it was not until the curtain call that I realized my wish to see the famous lake. On the surface, climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time was quite enjoyable. In fact, my original intention was to express my unfulfilled ambition in my early days. Couplets are the vastness of Dongting. Sanlian wrote about the bumpy political life, wandering around the world and the feeling of incompetence. At the end of the couplet, I wrote that I saw the country's turmoil and there was no way to serve the country. Although the scenery is only two sentences, it shows exquisite skills. Although the lyrics are desolate and lonely, they are naturally effortless.

Huang Tingjian climbed Yueyang Tower and watched Junshan in the rain.

Climb Yueyang Tower and see Junshan in the rain.

Author: Huang Tingjian

( 1)

Throw a thousand dead temples and spots,

I was born in Qutang.

Smile before you go to Jiangnan,

Yueyang Tower faces Junshan.

(2)

Watching the fence alone in the wind and rain,

Hunan and Hubei love ten thousand festivals.

Unfortunately, it's not the lake.

Look at the green hills in the shady mountains.

Precautions:

1, Yueyang Tower is the west gate of Yueyang City, facing Dongting Lake. Junshan is a small island in Dongting Lake.

2. Abandon land: demote officials to remote places.

3. Qutang: The name of the canyon, near fengjie county, Sichuan. Guan: That mound is a big stone standing at the mouth of Qutang Gorge. The current nearby is very fast, which is a dangerous area for navigation. There are ancient folk songs as big as sighs (floating sounds), and the music hall can't be touched. Because of its danger, it is called Guan. Born in the Customs: In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Chao joined the Western Regions for thirty-one years and was homesick in his later years. If he wants to be born in Yumen Pass. Use its language here.

4. Jiangnan: This refers to the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Including the author's hometown of Fenning.

5. Sichuan: This refers to Dongting Lake.

6, this sentence is written when the wind and rain lean against the fence to see Junshan. Knot: Tie up (hair). Xiang Moth: Xiang Jun and Xiang Fu in Nine Songs of Chu are said to be Shun Di's second concubines, E Huang and Nv Ying, who live in Junshan. Nau: A bun. Twelve-style: It means the ups and downs of Junshan Mountain, like various hairstyles of the goddess.

Appreciate:

The first poem is about the joy of returning from forgiveness. In the first year of Song Chongning, Huang Tingjian was exiled to Sichuan for nearly six years and was pardoned. On the way back to his hometown Fengning, Jiangxi, he went upstairs through Yueyang in the rain and enjoyed the lakes and mountains. He wrote this poem to express his joy after being pardoned. The first sentence is about a bumpy life, and the second sentence is about never wanting to get out of Qutang Gorge and the porch alive again, indicating the joy of rebirth after robbery. Three or four sentences further describe the happy mood of returning from exile: I have already smiled happily before I arrived at my hometown in the south of the Yangtze River, enjoying the magnificent scenery on this Yueyang Tower, and I don't know how happy I will be when I return to my hometown! This poem is free and easy, and the poet's optimism and generosity can be imagined. It embodies the poet's feelings of not being afraid of difficulties and being open-minded and free and easy. The whole poem is accurate and accurate, and the emotional expression is true.

The second song is about the feeling of overlooking Dongting Lake on the railing. The storm in Sichuan hinted at the bad political environment in which the author lived. Even in such a difficult environment, he enjoyed the lakes and mountains with great interest, which shows that his mind is the second highest. In the second sentence, I got the impression when I wrote the railing, saying that from a distance, the peak of Junshan looks like twelve steamed buns tied by the perfume goddess, which shows the spirit of Junshan. Take a step back in three or four sentences. Imagine how pleasant it would be to watch Junshan carefully on the crest of the wave when the lake wind blows and the white waves lift the sky! Looking at the green hills in the Yinshan pile, I wrote an extremely magnificent landscape with simple pen and ink. It is admirable for a poet to write such high-spirited poems for the rest of his life with such an open mind.

According to Ren Yuan's Huang Tingjian's Poems, there is an afterword in the handwriting of these two poems: Yuan Chongning (in the first year, 1 102) sent Jingzhou on the 23rd day of the first month, and arrived in Baling (now Yueyang) on the 26th, and it rained for days. In February, I went to Yueyang Tower alone. Since Shao Sheng's early years, the poet was framed and demoted by his political opponents for compiling national history, and his political status was slightly improved when Hui Zong ascended the throne. 110/year (the first year of Guo Jing), I left Sichuan, and in the second year (the first year of Chongning), I went east from Hubei along the river and crossed Yueyang, ready to return to my hometown. At this time, he has been relegated for seven years and spread in Sichuan and Hubei. The environment is very bad, and he is 57 years old for the ancients. Long-distance wandering, depressing travel conditions, lonely high-rise buildings in the wind and rain, so on the one hand, I am glad that I can survive the natural disaster safely after losing all my life, on the other hand, I can't help but learn from a painful experience and feel dejected. Therefore, I have a heart-to-heart talk and a sad smile. I don't hate the narrow escape in Su Shi's Crossing the Sea on the Night of June 20th, so I have been traveling wonderfully for the rest of my life. This old man is really awesome. He has put aside all his troubles. As Guan Hanqing said in the divertimento "A flower in Lunan can't grow old", I am a copper pea, which can't be steamed, boiled, beaten or fried. Compared with Huang Tingjian, he seems to have not completely forgotten his own gains and losses. This difference in temperament has been accurately reflected in the works, and readers should pay attention to it.

A person in a high coat can see Dongting Lake; The building is located in the west gate of Yueyang city, and there is still a distance from the lake. However, in the storm, you can't see the green hills in the Yinshan pile, so you have to imagine it as a Xiange steamed bun. Liu Yuxi's "Looking at Dongting from afar" says: Looking at Dongting from afar, there are green snails in the silver plate. Tao Yong's Wang Junshan said: Wash and dress should be daffodils, which are the center of a spiral indigo mirror. It may give Huang Tingjian some inspiration and provide him with an imaginary foundation.

Huang Tingjian is the leader of Jiangxi Poetry School and a controversial figure in the history of literature. His achievements had a great influence on the development of China's classical poetry. The evaluation of him also varies greatly with different literary thoughts and values in history.

Ancient poems of heron cabin

Ancient poems of heron cabin

At Helen's cabin.

Don Wang Zhihuan

The mountains covered the white sun,

The ocean drained the golden river.

But you expanded your horizons by 300 miles,

Walk up a flight of stairs.

Precautions:

1. Stork: The former site is in Yongji County, Shanxi Province. It is three stories high, with Zhongtiao Mountain in front and the Yellow River at the bottom. Legend has it that storks often inhabit here, hence the name.

2. Day: the sun.

3, according to: rely on.

4. do: disappear. The sun sets near the mountains.

5, poor: exhausted, to the extreme.

6, thousands of miles: broad vision.

7, more: replacement, change. (not the usual meaning of "again")

Translation:

The sunset slowly sank to the west hill,

The surging Yellow River flows to the East China Sea.

If you want to see the scenery thousands of miles away,

Then you have to climb a higher tower.

Appreciate:

The extraordinary ambition of the poet in this poem reflects the enterprising spirit of the people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Among them, the first two sentences are what you see. The mountains cover the white sun and write about the distant view, the mountains, the scenery he saw when climbing the stairs, and the golden rivers in the ocean drains. They write about the close-up and water, which are spectacular and magnificent. Here, the poet captured the rivers and mountains of Wan Li in a very simple and plain language with just ten words; Later, when people read these ten words a thousand years later, they felt like they were underground. If they see the scenery, they will feel that their minds are open.

Looking into the distance, a touch of sunset sank to the endless rolling mountains in front of the building and disappeared into Ran Ran at the end of the field of vision. This is the sky view, the distant view and the western view. The second sentence is about the Yellow River flowing through the front and bottom of the building, roaring south, then turning east in the distance and flowing to the sea. This is from the ground to the horizon, from near to far, from west to east. When these two poems are combined, the scenery of up and down, far and near, and things are all contained under the pen, which makes the picture look particularly broad and distant. As far as the second poem is concerned, the poet can't see the Yellow River entering the sea from the stork building. The sentence is written in the middle of the poem, which is a way to combine the foreground with the sky. This writing increases the breadth and depth of the picture. It is realistic to call the sun the sun. The setting sun holds the mountain, and the clouds cover the fog. At this time, the brightness of the weakened sun is even dimmer, so the poet directly observes the wonders of the day. As for the Yellow River. Of course it is also realistic. It flies like a golden ribbon in the mountains. What the poet presented to him was a magnificent picture. This picture is still in a fast-changing dynamic. It's only a short process to walk by the mountain for a day; The Yellow River flows to the sea, but it is an eternal movement. If you say. This kind of scenery is beautiful, so it is a dynamic beauty, full of infinite vitality and lively beauty. This is not a freeze frame, not a precious fossil or specimen. The generosity of the poet left a deep impression on the readers.

Write the last two sentences. But you expand your vision by three hundred miles. A poet has an endless desire to explore, and wants to see farther and see where his vision can reach. The only way is to stand higher and walk up a flight of stairs. Thousands of miles away is an imaginary number, a vertical and horizontal space in the poet's imagination. How many hopes and longings are contained in the words of thinking poorly and thinking well. These two well-known poems are not only unexpected, but also very natural, close to the first two. At the same time, the use of the word "first floor" at the end also plays a role in pointing out the topic, indicating that this is a poem about climbing stairs.

It can be inferred from the second half of the poem that the first half was written on the second floor. The poet wanted to see the distant scenery as far as possible, and even climbed to the top floor of the building. The poem seems to write the process of climbing stairs straightforwardly, but it has far-reaching implications and is intriguing. Here is the poet's enterprising spirit, forward-looking mind, and also the philosophy of standing high and looking far.

As far as the writing characteristics of the whole poem are concerned, this poem is what the Japanese monk Konghai said in On the Chamber of Secrets in the Mirror. Some people say that poetry should not be reasonable. This should only mean that poetry should not be blunt, boring and abstract, not that philosophy cannot be revealed and promoted in poetry. Just like this poem, it perfectly dissolves truth, scenery and events, making readers feel comfortable instead of reasoning. This is a mode to express the philosophy of life through thinking in images according to the characteristics of poetry.

The writing of this poem has another feature: it is a quatrain full of antithesis. In the first two sentences, the nouns "Sun" and "Yellow River" are relative, the colors "White" and "Yellow" are relative, and the verbs "One" and "Ru" are relative. The last two sentences are the same, which constitutes a formal perfection. When Shen De selected this poem in Tang Poetry and Song Poetry, he pointed out that all four languages are correct and it is not too expensive to read, so the bones are high. There are only two couplets in the quatrains, both of which are antithetical sentences. If it is not full of momentum and clear-cut, it will easily appear dull or fragmented. In this poem, the previous combination is to correct the name, the so-called right and wrong, the sentence is extremely neat, heavy and powerful, which shows the greatness of the scene written; The latter combination is that although the two sentences are relative, there is no trace of confrontation. Therefore, the poet's dual skills are also very mature.

Cui Haodeng Yellow Crane Tower

Pahuang crane tower

Author: Cui Hao

The fairy of the past has flown away by the yellow crane, leaving only an empty Yellow Crane Tower.

The yellow crane never revisited earth, there have been no long white clouds for thousands of years.

Every tree in Hanyang has become clear due to sunlight, and Nautilus Island is covered with sweet grass.

But I looked at my hometown, and the twilight was getting thicker, and the mist of sadness was filled on the river waves.

Precautions:

1, Yellow Crane Tower: Originally located in Wuchang County, Hubei Province. In the early years of the Republic of China, it was destroyed by fire. According to legend, there was an immortal named Wen Fei in ancient times, and it was here that he ascended the immortal by crane. Some people think that the past is blowing in the wind.

2, leisurely: the meaning of a long time.

3, vivid: clear and distinct.

4. Nautilus Island: It is located in the southwest of Wuchang County, Hubei Province. According to the records of the later Han Dynasty, when the ancestor was the satrap of Jiangxia, some people offered parrots here, so it was called Nautilus Island.

Translation:

The legendary fairy flew over the yellow crane long ago,

There is only the empty Yellow Crane Tower left in this place.

The flying yellow crane will never come back,

Only the long white clouds will last for thousands of years.

The trees in Qingchuan Pavilion in Hanyang are lifelike.

The grass on Nautilus Island grows thick and thick.

I don't know where my hometown is at dusk

Facing the foggy river, it is worrying!

Appreciate:

This poem is a masterpiece of nostalgia. The poet boarded the historical site Yellow Crane Tower and got a panoramic view of the scenery before him. His poems are full of emotion, blurted out and beyond words. It is both natural and magnificent, full of personality. Poetry is not harmonious, but the syllables are clear and not awkward. It's really one step at a time, and it has become a treasure admired by all previous dynasties. Legend has it that Li Bai boarded this building and witnessed this poem, which impressed him deeply. He said, "We can't have scenery in front of us, and Cui Hao wrote poems on it." . Yan Canglang also said that the seven-character poems of the Tang Dynasty should be the first. It shows that poetry is precious to nature, even if it is metrical.

The quatrains of ancient poetry are so classic, concise and full of infinite feelings. Want to see more quatrains and ancient poems? Please enjoy Du Fu's quatrains.