Kant's father was a saddle maker and his parents were Protestant Pietismus. Pietism emphasizes religious spirit and attaches importance to religious feelings. Kant's spiritual world as a child was deeply influenced by pietism. At the age of eight, Kant began to go to school. The school advocates humanistic education and opposes the ideological rigidity brought by religion. School education changed Kant's religious attitude, and he began to dislike religious prayer and church singing for a lifetime. It is also because of school education that he began to doubt the religion based on feelings and feelings, and his religious philosophy was simply a reaction to the devout.
1740, Kant entered the University of Connersburg. People can't verify what major he registered at that time, but what is certain is that he often takes philosophy classes. 1748, graduated from Kant University at the age of 24, because his father died two years ago, and his future was bleak. As there was no place for him in the university, he decided to be a tutor in a small town near Connersburg.
Kant once said that no tutor is worse than him. In fact, he is very modest because all the students he has taught have a good reputation for him. During his time as a tutor, he published his first book, Reflections on the Real Estimation of Vitality, which was about the philosophical and scientific propositions put forward by Descartes, Newton and Leibniz. After five years as a tutor, Kant returned to Connaugsburg, and he never left his hometown again. After returning to his hometown, Kant entered the university again. 1755, Kant got a master's degree in "General History of Nature and Theory of Celestial Bodies". Three months later, he was qualified as a private teaching assistant in the university and began to teach philosophy. As a personal teaching assistant, Kant worked for 15 years, and the tuition of students became his source of life. Because Kant's class is very popular, many students are willing to listen to his class, so he also has a good time.
As a teaching assistant, Kant began to publish his works frequently. His subjects are all-encompassing, from natural science, aesthetics, theology and even witchcraft, but there is only one question throughout, that is, how to conduct philosophical research: from a rational point of view, deduce the truth about things from universal truth or experience, and draw universal conclusions through observation?
Kant's works and lectures made him a respected philosopher, and his influence began to leave Connaught Castle. Many students came here to become his disciples, the most famous of which was Herder, who, together with Goethe and Schiller, became the pillar of Weimar classicism. However, Kant didn't get a professorship for a long time. During this period, he refused the professorship of poetry art offered by the University of Connersburg. He also turned down professorships at Herun University and Jena University. He just wants to be a philosophy professor at the University of Connersburg, because he doesn't want to leave his hometown and his physical condition doesn't allow him to move to another country. In a letter to a friend, Kant said: "My chest is very narrow, and there is little room for heart and lung activities. I was born with depression, and even when I was a child, I was very tired of the world. "
1770, 46-year-old Kant finally got the position of professor of logic and metaphysics at the University of Connersburg. His inaugural report is entitled "The Form and Foundation of the Perceptual and Intellectual World". After becoming a professor, Kant was silent for ten years without publishing an article, but devoted himself to studying his critical philosophy. 178 1 published Critique of Pure Reason. Only with this book can Kant establish his immortal position in the history of philosophy.