Originated from the Tibetan people, from the ancient Zhangzhung Kingdom, and became a surname after the Chinese name of the country. "Peng", in ancient Chinese literature, the earliest record is undoubtedly the classic "Zhuangzi". Zhuang Zhou said in "Zhuangzi Xiaoyaoyou": "There is a fish in the North Ming Dynasty, and its name is Kun. Kun is so big that you don't know how many thousands of miles it is. When it turns into a bird, its name is Peng. The back of the Peng does not know how far it is. It flies in anger, its wings are like clouds hanging from the sky. The water hits the sky for three thousand miles, and it swings up ninety thousand miles away. It is also recorded in the world ballad "Sba Formation Song": "...In ancient times, the world was in chaos, the heaven and the earth were mixed together, and the roc that separated the heaven and the earth was..." How miraculous is this bird that can separate the heaven and the earth! Later, in Tibet's primitive religion "Yongzhong Bon Religion", it was also recorded that the ancestors of the Tibetan people were hatched from Dapeng eggs.

Before the fifth century AD in Chinese history, on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the roof of the world, there once existed an ancient Zhangxiong Kingdom with its own language, writing, and highly developed culture. At its most glorious time, Zhangxiong Kingdom Its territory extends from Kashmir in the west to Ladakh in the south (today's northern border of India), most of the Tibetan Plateau in the middle, Qinghai Plateau in the north, and Sichuan Basin in the east. It was the earliest civilization center on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at that time. According to relevant historical documents, Shang Shung Kingdom once had an army of 990,000 people. According to their calculations, the number of citizens should be nearly 10 million. Of course, "990,000" is an exaggeration. It is possible to have an army of 80,000 or 90,000, and the Qinghai-Tibet region has never had such a large population from the second to the eighth century AD. However, this also illustrates the situation of Shangshung Kingdom. The country was relatively strong in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at that time. The name of the Xiangxiong Kingdom is "Pengdi" in its language, which is the place where the great roc bird lives. All the people regard "peng" as their totem and believe that they are all descendants of the great roc bird. The Dapeng bird has protected them from generation to generation since ancient times. The country is strong and the people are prosperous, the products are abundant, and the people are well clothed and well fed. At that time, after King Songtsen Gampo of Tubo married his sister to King Shangshung Li Mixia, Princess Shangzung once lamented to her brother Songtsen Gampo: "Every portion of our diet is fish and There’s so much wheat to eat.” Shangxiong Kingdom is also the source of Tibetan primitive religion Bon Religion. The people “believe deeply in Bon Religion, value ghosts and gods, like divination, and avoid eating wild horse meat.” During the heyday of the Xiangxiong Kingdom, that is, the 18th generation of King Pengyong, it was also the time when the Yongzhong Bon religion became popular. At that time, the "Yongzhong Bon Religion" had a long history and spread throughout the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It still deeply affects the social life of Tibetan compatriots. Nowadays, many scholars have worked hard to find clues about the cultural sites of the ancient Shang Shung Kingdom, but most of them have failed. Perhaps as the famous writer Ma Lihua said: "Shang Shung Kingdom is actually a nomadic nation, a civilization that does not belong to the land. "The ancient Chinese transliteration of Zhangxiong was "Yangtong" or "Yangtong", and later generations prettified the transliteration as "Xiangxiong", which is closer to the ancient Tibetan pronunciation.

According to historical records such as "Tongdian", "Cefu Yuangui" and "Tang Huiyao", from the Han Dynasty to the end of the Sui Dynasty and the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the territory of Xiangxiong Kingdom "bordered Tubo in the east and Tubo in the west. It connects Xiaoyangtong and goes straight to Khotan from the north, covering more than a thousand miles from east to west, with a victory of 80,000 to 90,000 soldiers." It is also recorded in the Tibetan historical document "The Origin of Bon Religion": "Zhangzhong is connected to upper (western) Kashmir, to the north of Khotan Snow Mountain and the Jingxue area of ????Songba Huangniu Department (southwestern Qinghai), and to the south of India and Nepal. "The territory of Zhangzhong Kingdom recorded in Chinese and Tibetan historical records is basically the same, that is: its territory starts from Kailash in the present-day Ngari area in the west, which is the area of ????Shangzhong, and stretches across Nyima and Shen in northern Tibet. If you tie it in one area, it will be a male elephant. The area from Dingqing in Qamdo to the east is Xiangxiong. The vast territory of Xiangxiong Kingdom can be seen from this. Some scholars believe that during the second to third centuries AD, the ancient Zhangxiong Kingdom was divided into three regions. It is mentioned in the document "An Introduction to World Geography" that "Lixiangxiong should be the area of ??Persia, Badassian and Bara three months away from the west of Gangdez Mountain. On this land there are 32 large and small This tribe... is Zhongxiangxiong. Zhongxiangxiong is a day's journey west of Gangdise Mountain. This is still the capital of the Zhangxiong Kingdom. This land was once ruled by the Zhangxiang Kingdom. A piece of land centered on Baoliufeng Mountain, including more than thirty tribes and twenty-five tribes in Beijia, is now the upper part of Amdo. In other words, today's Kashmir, Ladakh and other places are called "Lixiangxiong". "; the Ngari area is called "Zhong Shangzhong", which is the ruling center of the Shangshung Kingdom; northern Tibet, Amdo, Kham and other places are called "Outer Shangshung", including most of the Tibetan Plateau and across Qinghai , Sichuan to Kashmir and Ladakh in the west.

Today, Lixiangxiong has been occupied by foreigners (now Kashmir). According to Tibetan historical documents: the upper Xiangxiong is centered in Qionglong area, the middle Xiangxiong is centered in Riadaguo area, and the lower Xiangxiong is in Jingxue Sixth District of Subi (today's Songba). The Qionglong area, the Qionglong Yincheng ruins recently discovered by Chinese archaeologists, is located in Menshi Township, one day away from Mount Kailash in Ali. Later, Nyima Gun, a descendant of Songtsen Gampo, the Tubo king who destroyed the ancient Xiangxiong Kingdom, changed "Shangxiangxiong" to "Ali" and established the equally glorious Guge Kingdom.

The central area of ??Zhongxiangxiong is "Riadaguo", which is not clearly recorded in historical documents. However, some scholars believe that Riadaguo may be near the Daguo Snow Mountain in the Nyima Culture and Culture Department.

① Near the Daguo Snow Mountain, there are the ruins of the ancient Shangshung King’s Palace. Dangra Yumcuo next to it is the largest sacred lake of the ancient Shangshung state religion Bon Religion. It was the eighteenth generation of the ancient Shangshung Kingdom. The territory of two of the kings is the Daguo area;

② "Daguo" and "Daguo" are homophonic;

③ There is a poor sect of the sacred mountain of Bon religion in Daguo Snow Mountain Mountain, and the Dapeng bird is called "Qiong" in the ancient Xiangxiong text. The word "Qiong" is homophonic with the word "Qiong" in Qiongzong Mountain. The central area of ??Xia Xiangxiong is in the Sixth District of Jingxue, Subi. Historical documents record: "The lower district is a piece of land centered on Qiongbao Liufeng Mountain. It is also called Songba Jingxue and includes thirty-nine tribes and northern tribes. Jia Twenty-Five Tribe. "Qiongbao Liufeng Mountain is located in today's Dingqing County, Qamdo Prefecture, also called Zizhu Mountain. There is Zizhu Temple, an ancient Bon temple with thousands of years of history. It is said that the first major stop for the spread of Bon religion was the Zizhu Temple area, and then spread to the Benri Holy Mountain area in Nyingchi, southern Tibet. From the Han Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Xiangxiong Kingdom had frequent commercial and cultural exchanges with other countries in the Central Plains. The historical records of the Han Dynasty recorded it as the "Yang Tong Kingdom". By the end of the Sui Dynasty, Songtsen Gampo led the Tibetan army to destroy the Shangshung Kingdom, united its people, and established the Tubo Dynasty, which was powerful in the entire Qinghai-Tibet region.

After the fall of the Xiangxiong Kingdom, some citizens who fled to the Sichuan area in the early Tang Dynasty took the name of the country as their surname in Chinese according to the Han system and were called Peng. Later, during the Wu Zetian period when the Tubo Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty were in fierce conflict, the Peng clan continued to move inland to avoid the war, and has now spread to all parts of the country, including Taiwan Province. The surname Jiang comes from Xi Peng, a senior official in Qi State during the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a surname based on the name of an ancestor. According to the historical record "Qi Xing Tong": "Peng's surname was after Xi Peng, a Qi official in the Spring and Autumn Period, and there were people like Peng Shui and Peng Shan. According to the Song Dynasty, there were 90,000 Peng, who compiled the Dongpo Wutai Poetry Case." Jiang, the former Zhuanggong of Qi, Hu had a grandson named Jiang Liao. During the reign of Duke Huan of Qi Jiang Xiaobai (685 BC to 643 BC), he was granted the title of doctor in Xiyin, Pingyuan (now Linyi, Shandong), and was called the doctor of Xiyin. His descendants were divided among the descendants. There are Xi family and Yin family. Duke Huan of Qi had a capable doctor, Xi Peng, who was Jiang Gou's great-grandson and the son of Xiyin doctor Jiang Liao. In the first year of Jizheng, King Xiang of Zhou Dynasty (651 BC), Duke Huan of Qi promoted Xi Peng to the rank of official as a duke of Qi State, and at the same time appointed Guan Zhong as the prime minister, with his help to achieve hegemony. Xi Peng had profound knowledge and was calm and capable in handling affairs. He was highly appreciated by Duke Huan of Qi and respected by other officials.

In the seventeenth year of Ji Lang, King Hui of Zhou Dynasty (the 25th year of Duke Huan of Qi, 660 BC), Xi Peng followed Duke Huan of Qi and Guan Zhong and led troops to the north to attack Guzhu Kingdom (now Lulong, Hebei) and Lizhi. After more than half a year of conquests, the country (Lingzhi Kingdom, today's Qian'an, Hebei Province) completely conquered Shanrong, Guzhu, and Lizhi. The Shanrong were forced to donate gold (copper) to express their submission, while Guzhu and Lizhi were destroyed. Spring goes back to winter. When they returned to the country, they walked into the mountains and found that the Qi army could not find water for a while. Everyone was very anxious. Xi Peng said to everyone: "Don't panic. Ants live on the sunny side of the mountain in winter and on the shady side of the mountain in summer. Because ants live close to water, if you dig along the ant nest, you will definitely get water." So the soldiers followed suit. Xi Peng's method was to dig out ant nests, and he found the water source. At the critical moment when the army was cut off from the water source, Xi Peng cleverly borrowed the survival instinct of ants to explore for water sources, and utilized the nature of animals for specific human purposes, which demonstrated his superb wisdom and talent. Xi Peng later served as an envoy to the Jin State and led a coalition of princes to quell the civil strife in the Jin State. Xi Peng's great-grandson is the famous Qi official Xi Kuan, who became a senior official during the reign of Qi Empress Zhuang Gong Jiang Guang in the 27th year of King Xiang of Zhou (635 BC). Among the descendants of Xi Peng, the Peng family and the Ji family were later derived. Therefore, the four surnames Peng, Xi, Yin, and Ji belong to the same clan and origin, and they are all descendants of Xi Peng.

Some members of the Peng clan once hid in the "Beishan" to avoid disaster, but they changed their name to the Beng clan and the Peng clan for refuge.

The Beng clan, which the Peng clan descended from, reverted to the Peng clan after six generations. The Peng clan, on the other hand, has been called the Peng clan to this day because of "the majesty of Peng". However, the exact location of the so-called "Northern Mountain" remains to be further verified. Originating from the Mongolian tribe, it comes from the Mongolian tribe during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. It is a surname based on the Chinese name of the tribe.

The Mongolian Buriged clan and the Gertu clan, both of which mean "eagle" in Chinese, have lived in Hailar (today's Hulunbuir Ewenki Banner and New Barhu Left Banner area in Inner Mongolia). In the late Ming Dynasty, there were people with the Han surname Peng.

In addition, the Mongolian Shubu Guzhen clan, also known as the Zhu Baozhen clan, means "eagle raiser" in Chinese. It is often recorded in the history books of the Yuan and Ming dynasties, and it was crowned in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The Han surnames Peng, Zhu and Gong have all been passed down from generation to generation. Originating from the Manchu people, it comes from the Zhuergun tribe of the Jurchen tribe during the Ming Dynasty. It is a surname based on the Chinese name of the tribe. According to the historical record "Eight Banners Manchu Clan Genealogy":

The Manchu Jurgun clan, also known as the Zhonghun clan, is Jurgun Hala in Manchu, and means "eagle" in Chinese. It has lived in the Zakumu area (today's Xiayingzi on the west bank of the Yiledeng River in Xinbin, Liaoning). After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, many Chinese surnames were Peng, Zhu, Er, etc., which have been passed down from generation to generation.