Poor midnight is unprecedented, and Mo Wen people ask ghosts and gods.
This is a poem about history. Jia Sheng, namely Jia Yi. Sheng is the abbreviation of Mr. Han Dynasty. Wang Yingkui, a Qing Dynasty man, said: "The name of Mr. started from The Analects of Confucius and Quli; The name of the old gentleman began in Historical Records and Biography of Jia Yi. People who stop saying "sir" before saying "sir" can be found in Records of the Historian and Biography of Chao Cuo to understand Shen Han's criminal name. Some people no longer say that they are students, but also say that they are gentlemen, such as Jia Sheng, Fu Sheng and Dong Sheng in Hanshu. " It can be seen that Mr. Zun's life actually began in the early Han Dynasty. This idiom is used in Li Shangyin's poems, which is not only a respect and admiration for Jia Yi, but also a common way to chant poems. Not only talk about history, but also talk about things at that time. Using the language at that time makes people feel nostalgic.
In Li Shangyin's mind, Jia Yi's position has always been very high. He mentioned Jia Yi many times in his poems to express his admiration. For example, in "On the City", Jia Sheng is extremely alert and talks about soldiers when he is a fu; On the stability tower, Jia Sheng was crying when he was young, and so on. Sometimes poets even regard him as an unfortunate self who is worried about the country and hurts the country, just like Jia Sheng. This seems to be the meaning of this poem. However, the poet deliberately put Jia Yi in a secondary position and reduced him to a subordinate role. This does not mean that his understanding of Jia Yi has been belittled or changed. On the contrary, it marks that the poet has further deepened his understanding of Jia Yi's tragic fate. It shows that the poet has jumped out of the small circle of personal self-pity and linked Jia Yi's fate with the favor of feudal emperors. Broadly speaking, the fate of intellectuals is linked with feudal autocracy. On the surface, it seems to be accidental for emperors to meet or not to meet, but the tragic fate caused by it is inevitable. This is entirely due to the feudal autocracy. Here, Jia Sheng became synonymous with the world's poor scholars and a typical representative of the tragic fate of intellectuals in feudal society. Therefore, although it is said that "Jia Sheng's talent is incoherent", what is the use if he is not reused or even degraded for a long time, even if he has the power to save the sky and play a good role? ! Or just like Jia Yi, Yuxuan was summoned by Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty occasionally, seemingly seriously, but the result was "don't ask ordinary people to ask ghosts and gods"-they either sought the satisfaction of weird psychology, or embellished the singing and dancing, or were subservient to entertainment. How pitiful and pathetic this secondary subordinate position is! Therefore, when the poet eulogizes Jia Yi and extends it to the poor people in the world, when he thinks of himself, his heart can't help but be filled with endless resentment. This kind of resentment, on the surface, did not vent too much, but completely melted into the choice and description of the theme. So looking at the whole poem, it seems that the poet is not so bold, at least not so bold and clear-so it is almost impossible to find his intention in the poem; But it is completely true that he borrowed Jia Yi as a metaphor and extended it to all the poor people in the world to express his grief and indignation at his lack of talent.
It is precisely because of the poet's profound understanding that the poet has a unique perspective on Jia Sheng's fate, which determines the unusual artistic structure of this poem, putting the main characters in a secondary position, just like weightlessness, projecting a strong contrast from the relationship between primary and secondary, and producing a strong contrast effect. Therefore, although there are only four sentences in the whole poem, it seems prosaic on the surface, but it contains extremely rich content. Only by savoring it carefully can we suck up rich meanings. Just like making tea in cold water is getting stronger and stronger, the longer it lasts, the deeper it is and the more meaningful it is.