Du Fu

Famous sentence: But before he conquered, he was dead, and since then, heroes have been crying on their coats.

Guide reading

Shuxiang is one of Du Fu's most popular chapters. This poem was written in the spring after the An Shi Rebellion in 760 AD. The poet is depressed because he is politically frustrated and has a hard life. So when he came to Wuhou Temple, he remembered the Prime Minister Zhuge, recited the model essay, envied the relationship between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang like a duck to water, and burst into tears. So I missed the heart of the Prime Minister Zhuge and turned it into a wave at the bottom of the pen. This poem expresses his sadness and patriotism, because he can't contribute to the country.

Original poem

Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? In a pine forest near the Silk City.

The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves.

The third call put him in charge of state affairs, and he gave his heart to two generations.

But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.

To annotate ...

① Prime Minister's Temple: It's in South Erli, Chengdu. "Yu Fang Sheng Lan" said: "The marquis of Wu died at the beginning, and the people offered private sacrifices on every festival." Li Xiong is the king, and only in Temple Town. Huan Wen Ping Shu and Yi Shaocheng lived alone in Wuhou Temple. 2 Jinguan City: Chengdu, Sichuan, the ancient capital of Shu and Han, with Jinjiang outside the city, hence the name. Zhuge Wuhou Temple is on the side of the ancestral temple, and there is a big cypress tree in front of the temple. According to legend, it was planted by Wuhou. 3 Three concerns: Zhuge Liang's "Model": "Three concerns are in the grass." Frequent troubles: repeated. (4) Two Dynasties: According to legend, Wuhou was the first merchant, and the second merchant. Open economy: opening is to create a great cause, and economic assistance is to help the poor. ⑤ "Introduction" sentence: Zhuge Liang Biography records that Liang himself led the army. According to Wu Shuo, he confronted Sima Yi in Weinan for more than one hundred days and died in the army.

Translate poetry

Where is the ancestral temple of Zhuge Prime Minister?

Outside Jinguan City, the cypress is green and lush.

The green grass beside the steps is white and spring.

The oriole in the tree makes a beautiful sound.

When I visited the cottage, I decided to make a three-point plan.

Assisting the two dynasties, the old minister was loyal.

Alas, the Northern Expedition died before it succeeded.

Heroes all over the world often shed tears on their skirts.

Make an appreciative comment

This poem was written by Du Fu in pursuit of Zhuge Liang when he was wandering in the southwest. The first sentence is a question and answer. Remember that the purpose of the ancestral temple is not to explain the geographical location, but to express feelings, so "where to find it" is used to express the urgency of visiting the ancestral temple to mourn the ancient times. The second couplet is about the desolate scenery of the ancestral temple, and the two empty words "Zi" and "Kong" are the eyes of this couplet. The sighs of "spring scenery" and "empty good voice" show the deep memory of Zhuge Liang. The phrase "Three Visits" in the Neck Couplet reminds us of some touching stories and heroic achievements of Zhuge Liang's life, such as "Three Visits to the Cottage" and "Long Zhong Dui". This is a poetic discussion that can not only entrust the author's feelings, but also inspire readers. The ending sentence is lyrical, which shows the poet's reverence for Zhuge Liang's dedication and regret for the unfinished business, and expresses the common aspiration of frustrated heroes in past dynasties, which is very infectious.

This poem is very artistic. First of all, it captures the typical environmental characteristics of the ancestral temple to render a quiet and solemn atmosphere, and shows the poet's memory of Zhuge Liang very truly. The second is to give a general description of Zhuge Liang's political activities in concise language and outline the image of a promising politician. Third, the combination of scenery description and lyric, the first half describes the scenery, and the second half describes lyric. In particular, the last two sentences, "But he died before he could conquer, and the heroes cried on their coats from then on", which were written sadly and tragically, and were well-known throughout the ages.