Zhang Zhongjing has a famous saying: "if you advance, you will survive;" If you retreat, you will save the people; " You can't be a good doctor and you can't be a good doctor. "
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, he served as the magistrate of Changsha, visiting the sick and taking medicine, and practicing medicine in the lobby.
Later, he resolutely resigned and went back to his hometown to treat his neighbors. When he got home, it was already winter.
He saw that the villagers on both sides of the Baihe River were sallow and emaciated, hungry and cold, and many people's ears were frozen.
He asked his disciples to build a medicine shed and cauldron in Dongguan, Nanyang, and to offer "Quhan Joule Decoction" to treat chilblain on the solstice of winter.
He cooked mutton, peppers and some herbs to dispel the cold in a pot, then took out mutton and medicine and chopped them up.
Make ear-shaped "Joules" from bread. After cooking, give two Joules and a big bowl of broth to everyone who wants medicine.
People ate "Joule" and drank "Quhan Decoction", and they were all hot, their ears were hot, and their frostbitten ears were cured.
Later generations learned the appearance of Joule and packaged it into food, also called "jiaozi" or "flat food".
Eating jiaozi in winter solstice is a good deed of Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", in Quhan Joule Decoction.
Up to now, there is still a folk song in Nanyang, which is called "jiaozi Bowl, and nobody cares about frozen ears." .
2. The Winter Solstice Festival originated from Huangdi and Yao Di.
According to the Historical Records of Xiaowu, a minister said to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, "Did the Yellow Emperor win the Baoding God? (or Jia), it was the winter when I was sixty, and it was also the beginning of a day.
So the Yellow Emperor welcomed his grandson? After that, he was twenty years old and got the winter solstice.
"This record shows that the Yellow Emperor took the winter solstice as the beginning of the year and took" Shuodan ",but there is no such record in the Historical Records of the Yellow Emperor Stupid Chicken, so it is difficult to test the isolated evidence.
Another way of saying it is that Emperor Yao ordered his uncle He to live in the north, observe the movement of the sun, and then determine the time of winter.
"Shangshu Yu Shu Yaodi" once said: "(Yaodi) declared that he and his uncle would live in the north and called him a secluded capital.
Ping is in Yi Shuo.
The days are short and the stars are long. It's mid-winter.
(press: new moon, north also.
However, The Book of History was written closer to the Yao Di era, with relatively high credibility, and the historical materials contained in it may be closer to historical facts.
It can be seen that the winter solstice, as a festival, has been paid attention to in ancient China.
3. In winter solstice in the north, besides eating jiaozi, another popular custom is eating wonton.
In "Yanjing Years", it is recorded: "Winter Solstice Day Wonton Summer Solstice Day Noodles.
"Eating wonton in winter is popular in the northern solstice, and there are many stories and legends.
The earliest story is about wuyue's hegemony and the history of beauty in the Spring and Autumn Period.
According to legend, when wuyue was fighting for hegemony, the King of Wu defeated the King of Yue, and not only got the treasure of gold and silver, but also got the ingenuity of stone. He tried to eat food made of stone and wrapped in stuffing.
Shi was frightened and asked what it was. Shi thinks that the bad king is greedy for beauty and ignores the political affairs, saying that this is wonton. Since then, wonton has flowed into the people. In order to commemorate the wisdom and creation of the teacher, the king of Wu stipulated that wonton should be eaten in winter as a souvenir.
According to legend, during the Han Dynasty, Xiongnu in the north often harassed the frontier and the people were restless.
At that time, there were two leaders, Xiongnu tribe and Tun tribe, which were very cruel.
The people hate it, wrap it in meat and take the sound of "muddy" and "tun".
Call it "wonton".
I hate eating, and I want to quell the war and live a peaceful life.
Because wonton was originally made on the solstice in winter, it has become the custom of every household to eat wonton on the solstice in winter.
In fact, the most popular way to eat wonton on the solstice in winter is in Beijing.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, the style of eating wonton to worship ancestors on the winter solstice became popular.
In many ancient books, wonton is the founder of the Chinese nation, the Yellow Emperor.
Therefore, eating wonton is a respect, memory and sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor or those who have made epoch-making things.
According to legend, there is a man named * * * in Gong family. He had an incompetent son who died in the winter solstice and became a plague after his death, which continued to harm the people.
But this epidemic ghost is most afraid of red beans, so people cook red bean rice on the solstice in winter.
Used to avoid epidemic ghosts, eliminate diseases and prevent disasters.
In fact, in ancient times, people wrapped all kinds of vegetables with glutinous rice and stuffed them with meat on the solstice of winter, which was not only a sacrifice to ancestors, but also a gift to relatives and friends.