The key to governing the country is fairness and integrity.

It means that the important principle of governing the country is to be fair and upright in dealing with things.

——Wu Jing of the Tang Dynasty, "Zhenguan Politicians: On Equity"

This means that when governing a country, the public must first take the lead.

——"Sima Wen Gongji of the Song Dynasty·Zha Zi who went to the palace first for the purpose of governing"

The country is governed; those who are able to avoid private practice and implement public laws will have strong soldiers and weak enemies.

It means that as long as selfish thoughts are eliminated and justice and laws are implemented, the people will be stable and the country will be peaceful. As long as selfish behaviors are abandoned and justice and laws are acted upon, the army will be strong and the enemy can be defeated. 　　　　　　

　　　——"Han Feizi·Youdu"

＊Only justice in the world can convince others.

It means that only impartiality and selflessness can be convincing.

——"History of the Ming Dynasty" Volume 235 "Biography of Wang Ruxun" * When the world is great, the intention must not be unfair; to guard the importance of the world, the intention must not be disrespectful.

It means that the key to starting a business is to be public-spirited, and the key to keeping a business is to be cautious and humble.

——"History of the Song Dynasty" Volume 438 "Biographies of Scholars"

* To defeat the public with private interests will weaken the country's politics.

It means putting personal interests above national interests. This is the political reason for the decline of the country.

　　——Volume 19 of "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" "Lifting Difficulties"

＊A country with many private and brave people will have weak soldiers, and a country with many private and wise officials will have its laws in chaos.

It means that if there are too many selfish warriors in the country, the military will be weak; if there are too many people who are good at seeking personal gain among the officials, the law will be chaotic.

　　　　——"Guanzi · Forbidden Tibetan"

＊If the son uses his private way, his family will be in chaos, and if the minister uses his personal justice, the country will be in danger.

It means that if the eldest son has selfish motives, the family will be in chaos, and if the ministers seek personal gain, the country will be in danger. *Since ancient times, the world's separation and unity have always been closely related to the people's hearts.

This means that the situation of national unity and division since ancient times has often depended on the popular will.

It means that the first step to correct yourself is to be strict with yourself deep in your heart.

　　　　——"Qiong Ju Peiyu · Self-cultivation"

＊If you gain it, you must do it justice, and if you lose it, you must do it biasedly.

It means that if you act impartially, you will win the world, and if you practice favoritism and malpractice, you will lose the world.

——"Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals" Volume 1 "Noble Duke" A gentleman is magnanimous, but a villain has long-term concerns

Confucius' famous saying. A gentleman is well versed in affairs, so his dealings with others are like walking on a flat road, feeling safe and comfortable. A small person's mind is often obsessed with things, worrying about gains and losses, so he often has a feeling of sadness. A gentleman has a lifetime of happiness and no worries for a day. A villain has a lifetime of worries but no happiness for a day. This has the same meaning.

A gentleman seeks everything from himself, while a villain seeks everything from others

Confucius’ famous saying. The four views in "The Analects of Confucius" have the same purpose but slightly different texts. "Xueer" contains: "Confucius said: 'If you don't worry about others, you don't know yourself; when you worry, you don't know others.'" This means that you don't have to worry about others not knowing you. What you should worry about is that you don't know others.

Learning without thinking will lead to failure; thinking without learning will lead to peril.

Confucius’ famous saying. "Wang" means confused. "Peril" has two meanings: one is critical, which means uncertainty. One is fatigue, and the spirit is exhausted and there is no gain. When solved in the past. This sentence can be combined with the chapter "Reviewing the past and learning the new". Confucius first advocated paying equal attention to learning and thinking, which had a profound influence on Confucian disciples. For example, Zixia talks about learning and thinking carefully and "The Doctrine of the Mean" talks about learning and thinking carefully, both of which believe that learning and thinking cannot be neglected.

Be sensitive to things but cautious in speaking.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Xueer": "Confucius said: 'A gentleman has nothing to eat to satisfy himself, and a place to live without seeking peace of mind. He is quick to do things but cautious in speaking.'" Also in "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren": "A gentleman wants to be slow in speaking but is sensitive to speech." Yu Xing". The meaning is the same. It means to be diligent and quick in doing things, but cautious in speaking

(1) If you don't follow the rules, you won't be able to follow the rules.

The translation cannot draw squares and circles correctly without compasses and rulers.

(2) Right, then determine the severity; degree, then know the length.

Only when the translation is weighed can one know its importance; only by measuring it can one know its length.

(3) People do not do anything, and then they can do something.

The translator must not do anything before he can do something.

(4) Although there are things that are easy to grow in the world, if they are violent in one day and cold in ten days, nothing can survive.

Translation: Even if there is a plant that is the easiest to grow, if it is exposed to the sun for one day and then frozen for ten days, it will not grow again.

(5) Those who advance sharply will retreat quickly.

Those who move forward too quickly will retreat too quickly.

(6) The organ of the heart is thinking, and if you think, you can get it, and if you don’t think, you can’t get it.

Translation: The organ of the heart is responsible for thinking. Only by thinking can we obtain, but without thinking we cannot obtain.

(7) Born in sorrow and died in happiness.

Translation: Sorrow and suffering are enough to make people survive, and comfort and happiness are enough to make people die.

(8) Only benevolent people should be in high positions. Being unkind and holding a high position is spreading evil to others.

Translation Only benevolent people with high moral standards should be in a dominant position. If an unkind person with low morals is in a dominant position, his evil will be spread to the masses.

(9) If the emperor is unkind, he will not protect the world; if the princes are unkind, he will not protect the country; if the officials are unkind, they will not protect the ancestral temple; if the scholars and common people are unkind, they will not protect the four bodies.

Translation: If the emperor is not benevolent, he cannot preserve his empire; if the princes are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their country; if ministers and officials are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their ancestral temples; if ordinary people are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their own country. Body.

(10) If the king is benevolent, he will be invincible in the world.

Translation: If the monarch of a country loves benevolence, there will be no rivals in the world.

(11) Save penalties, reduce taxes, and make farming easier (n^u).

The translation reduces penalties and reduces taxes, so that people can cultivate deeply and carefully and get rid of filthy weeds early.

(12) The benevolent are invincible.

Translation: A man of kindness is invincible in the world.

(13) For a five-acre house with mulberry trees, a person in his fifties can wear silk clothes. Chickens, dolphins, dogs, and pigs will not lose their season, and those who are seventy years old can eat meat. If you do not take away a hundred acres of land, then a family of eight will not be hungry. I sincerely follow the teachings of Xiangxu and apply the meaning of filial piety and brotherhood. Those who are awarded white will live up to the road.

Translation: Each family is given five acres of land to live in, and mulberry trees are planted around it. Then, people over fifty years old can wear silk cotton-padded jackets. Domestic animals such as chickens, dogs, and pigs have the power to raise and reproduce. Then, people over the age of seventy will have meat to eat. The family gave him one hundred acres of land and did not hinder his production, so that the family of eight could have enough to eat. Run schools at all levels well and educate them repeatedly with the principles of filial piety and respect for elders. Then the old people with gray hair and beards will have someone to do the work for them, and they will no longer have to walk on the road with things on their heads and shoulders.

(14) By changing the fields and reducing taxes, the people can become rich.

Translation: Doing farming well and reducing taxes can make the people rich.

(15) If a king is benevolent, he will never be unkind; if he is righteous, he will never be unjust; if he is upright, he will never be unrighteous.

Translation: If the monarch is benevolent, no one will be unkind; if the monarch is righteous, no one will be unjust; if the monarch is upright, no one will be unrighteous.

(16) Those who enjoy the people's happiness will also enjoy their happiness; those who worry about the people's worries will also worry about their worries.

Translation: He who takes the happiness of the people as his own happiness, the people will also take the happiness of the king as their own happiness; he who takes the sorrow of the people as his own sorrow, the people will also take the sorrow of the king as their own of sorrow.

(17) Being benevolent is an honor, being unkind is a disgrace.

Translation If the princes and ministers implement benevolent government, they will have glory; if they implement unbenevolent government, they will suffer humiliation.

(18) Those who have permanent property have perseverance, and those who do not have perseverance have no perseverance. If you don't have perseverance, you will do anything to ward off evil spirits.

Translation Only those who have a certain amount of industrial income will have certain moral concepts and codes of conduct. People who do not have a certain amount of industrial income will not have certain moral concepts and codes of conduct. If you don’t have certain moral concepts and codes of conduct, you will act recklessly, break laws and disciplines, and do anything.

(19) Fight for land and kill people to fill the fields; fight for cities and kill people to fill the city. This is called taking advantage of the land and eating human flesh, and the crime is not punishable by death.

Translation: Fighting for the land, killing people everywhere; fighting for the city, killing people all over the city, this is leading the land to eat human flesh, and even the death penalty is not enough to redeem them. sin.

(20) If the king regards his ministers as his hands and feet, then his ministers will regard him as his heart; if his ministers regard his ministers as dogs and horses, then his ministers will regard him as his fellow countrymen; You are like a bandit.

Translation: If the monarch regards his ministers as his brothers and sisters, the ministers will regard the monarch as their confidant; If the monarch regards his ministers as cattle and horses, the ministers will regard the monarch as an ordinary person they meet on the road; The monarch will regard his ministers as ordinary people they meet on the road. If it turns into soil or weeds, the ministers will regard the monarch as an enemy.

(21) Fish is what I want, and bear’s paws are also what I want; you cannot have both, and you would give up fish and take bear’s paws. Life is what I want, and righteousness is also what I want. You cannot have both, and you have to sacrifice life for righteousness.

Translation: Fish is what I like to eat, and bear paws are also what I like to eat; if I cannot eat both, I will throw away the fish and eat bear paws. Life is what I love, and righteousness is what I love; if I cannot have both, I will give up life and take righteousness.

(22) Old people, I am old, and people are old; young people, I am young, and people are young.

The translation of respecting my elders extends to respecting other people’s elders; caring for one’s own juniors extends to caring for other people’s juniors.

(23) Those who have gained the right will get many help, while those who have lost the right will have little help. When there is little help, relatives will be there; when there is much help, the world will follow.

Those who practice benevolent government will have many people to help them; those who do not practice benevolent government will have few people to help them.

When the number of people helping him is extremely small, even his relatives will oppose him; when the number of people helping him is extremely large, the whole world will submit to him.

(24) The weather is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as the people.

Translation: The weather is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as the people.

(25) It is not benevolent to kill someone without sin, and it is not righteous to take something that does not exist.

It is unkind to kill an innocent person; it is unjust to take something that is not yours.

(26) Those who rebel against benevolence are called "thieves", and those who rebel against righteousness are called "crippling". Those who are crippled thieves are called "one husband". I have heard of the execution of one husband, Zhou, but I have not heard of regicide.

Translation: People who destroy benevolence are called "thieves", and people who destroy morality are called "cruel". We call such a person a "lonely husband". I only heard that King Wu of Zhou killed the only man Yin Zhou, but I never heard that he committed regicide with his ministers.

(27) The wise are in office and the capable are in office.

The translation places virtuous people in appropriate official positions and talented people in certain positions.

(28) Respect the virtuous and enable the capable, and the heroes will reign.

The translation respects moral people and uses capable people. Outstanding people have official positions.

(29) The people are the most important, the country is the second most important, and the king is the least important.

Translation: The people are the most important, the god of earth and valley, who represents the country, is second, and the monarch is the least important.

(30) Civil matters cannot be postponed.

Translation Caring for the people is the most urgent task.

(31) If you don’t go against the farming season, you won’t be able to eat enough grain; if you don’t go into the pond with a few grains (shu^ g()), you won’t be able to eat enough fish and turtles; if you use an ax to enter the forest in time, Timber and wood cannot be used. Grain, fish and turtles cannot be used for food. Timber and wood cannot be used for good.

Don’t recruit soldiers and do corvee during the busy season of farming and harvesting. , hindering production, then the food produced will not be enough. Don't use fine fishing nets to catch fish in large ponds, then there will be not enough fish to eat. Cut down trees in the mountains at the right time, and there will be not enough wood. . Food and fish will not be exhausted, and wood will not be used up. This will make the people have no dissatisfaction with life, death, and burial.

(32) There are fat meat in the kitchen, fat horses in the stables, and hunger among the people. Color, there are hungry people in the wild, so they lead the beasts and cannibalize people.

Translation Now you have thin-skinned and fat meat in your kitchen, and you have strong horses in your stables, but the common people have dirty faces. Starving bodies are lying in the wild, which is equivalent to the superiors leading the beasts to eat people.

(33) Jie and Zhou lost the world and lost their people; , Lost his heart. There is a way to win the world: to win the people, you can win the world; to win the people, you can win the people; there is a way to win the heart: to gather with them what you want, and to hate them. Don't do it, Erye.

Translation: Jie and Zhou lost the world because they lost the support of the people; they lost the support of the people because they lost the people's support. There is a way to win the world: win the people. If you gain the support of the people, you will gain the support of the world; if you gain the support of the people, you will gain the support of the people; if you gain the support of the people, you will gain the support of the people; if you gain the support of the people, you will gain the support of the people; if you gain the support of the people, you will gain the support of the people; if you gain the support of the people, you will gather them for them; if you gain the support of the people, do not add to them what they hate. That's all for them.

(34) The wealth of a wise ruler will ensure that he can serve his parents, feed his wife, and be satisfied all his life.

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Translation: When a wise monarch stipulates the property of the people, he must ensure that they can support their parents when they are above, and their wives and children when they are below.

(35) Protecting the people and being king, no one can control it.

Translation: All efforts are made to stabilize the lives of the people, and no one can unify the world in this way. Can stop it.

(36) The three treasures of princes: land, people, and political affairs. The treasures of the princes will be harmed.

Translation: The treasures of princes are three things: land and people. And politics, the kind of person who treasures pearls and jade, disaster will definitely come to him.

(37) Heaven sends people to be kings and teachers, only to be favored by God.

Translation: When ordinary people are born, monarchs are born for them, and masters are also born for them. The only responsibility of these monarchs and masters is to help God and protect the people.

(38) Everyone can be a good person like Yao and Shun.

Everyone can be a good person like Yao and Shun.

(39) A wife must insult herself, and then others will insult her; a family must destroy herself, and then others will destroy it; a country must destroy itself, and then others will destroy it.

Translation: A person must first bring about self-inflicted insult before others can insult him; a family must first bring about self-destructive factors before others can destroy it; a country must first bring about self-destructive factors before others can destroy it. Talent crusades against it.

(40) He who seeks both misfortunes and blessings himself.

Translation There is no misfortune or happiness that you did not bring about yourself.