Francis Bacon (156 1- 1626), the first viscount St. Alben (1 St. Alban), was the most important essayist and philosopher in the English Renaissance. British materialist philosopher, the founder of experimental science, the founder of modern induction, and the pioneer of logical organization of scientific research procedures, so although his philosophy is not perfect in many places (such as theological color and remnants of old ideas), he still occupies an important position of never failing. Bacon was praised by Marx as "the true ancestor of British materialism and the whole modern experimental science", "the father of experimental philosophy" and "the direct or perceptual founder of modern natural science", and he was a great pioneer of modern life spirit. His major works include New Tools, On the Progress of Science and The Great Rejuvenation of Learning.

Bacon was born in 156 1 1 22, a bureaucratic family in London. Father Nicholas Bacon is Queen Elizabeth's minister in charge of the seal. He is studying law at Cambridge University. His thoughts tend to be progressive, he believes in the British capital and opposes the Pope's interference in British internal affairs. Anne's mother is a famous talented woman. She is proficient in Greek and Latin and a believer in Calvinism.

Good family education made Bacon mature earlier and showed extraordinary intelligence in all aspects. /kloc-At the age of 0/2, Bacon was sent to Trinity College, Cambridge University for further study. During his study at school, he became suspicious of traditional ideas and beliefs and began to think about the true meaning of society and life alone.

After studying at Cambridge University for three years, Bacon came to France as an attache of Sir Emo Polly, the British ambassador to France. During his two and a half years in Paris, he traveled almost all over France, met many new things and absorbed many new ideas, which played a great role in the formation of his world outlook. 1579, bacon's father died suddenly, and his plan to prepare for bacon's future pension was shattered, and bacon's life began to fall into poverty. After returning to China to attend his father's funeral, Bacon lived in Gray Law School, where he studied law and looked for jobs everywhere. 1582 finally qualified as a lawyer, 1584 was elected as a member of parliament, and 1589 became a court secretary after the vacancy. However, this position has not been vacant for 20 years. He ran around, but never got any position. Bacon was more mature in thought at this time. He is determined to reform all knowledge divorced from reality and nature, and introduce empirical observation, factual basis and practical effects into epistemology. This great ambition is the main goal of his "great rejuvenation of science" and the ambition he has been fighting for all his life.

1602, Elizabeth died and James I succeeded to the throne. Bacon was very appreciated by James because he advocated the merger of Scotland and England. Bacon climbed to the top and soared. 1602 was knighted, 1604 was appointed as James' adviser, 1607 as deputy attorney general, 16 13 as chief prosecutor,16 as privy Council adviser, and 650. 16 18 was promoted to be an official of the mainland of England and was awarded the title of Baron Verulan. 162 1 was awarded the title of Viscount Albens. But Bacon's talent and interest lie not in state affairs, but in the search for scientific truth. During this period, he made great achievements in academic research. Many books have been published.

162 1 year, Bacon was accused of corruption and bribery by Congress, fined 40,000 pounds by the High Court, imprisoned in the Tower of London, and expelled from the court for life, and was not allowed to serve as a member of parliament or official position. Although he was later exempted from fines and imprisonment, Bacon was destroyed. From then on, Bacon ignored politics and began to concentrate on theoretical writing.

1626 At the end of March, Bacon drove through the northern suburbs of London. He was studying the theory of cold and heat and its practical application. Passing through a piece of snow, he suddenly wanted to do an experiment. He slaughtered a chicken, filled it with snow, and observed the effect of freezing on antisepsis. However, due to his weak body, he couldn't stand the attack of a cold, and his bronchitis recurred and his condition deteriorated. He died in the early morning of April 9th. 1626.