2. It is precisely because of this approximation that in the natural state, no matter how strong and smart a person is, it is difficult to control others.
3. Sartre: Others are hell.
In the natural state, everyone is worried about himself. This is a war between all people.
1. Based on the above inference, preemptive strike by force or machine fraud is the most reasonable and safest way.
2. Hobbes deeply studied human nature and summarized three main reasons for the struggle:
For the above reasons, if there is no authoritative power to subdue everyone, then people will never get rid of the state of war.
My understanding is the law of the jungle. )
A country must have a central government strong enough to shock all its subjects in order to maintain order and prosperity.
1, Hobbes' definition of "natural rights":
2. All contracts stem from coercion and fear, so the so-called unequal treaties are actually equal.
When a person makes a rational trade-off, he always fully considers the opportunity cost:
Hobbero 19 lists the laws of nature, that is, the commandments or universal laws discovered by reason. To sum up, it is eight words:
There is only one way to get rid of the natural state and enter a peaceful and stable life: everyone chooses a person or a group of people, gives him or them the highest sovereignty, and gives the right to protect himself completely to this sovereign, and the social contract is reached.
1. The special feature of this contract is that the sovereign is not the party who enters into the contract, but everyone except him enters into the contract, asking him to be the master of all and be the sovereign.
2. The monarch lives alone in the natural state, can do whatever he wants, and does not have to bear any responsibility to his subjects. His orders are the laws that all people must obey.
If there is no authoritative power to convince everyone, then all contracts are doomed to become a dead letter.
This is absolute autocracy and absolute centralization.
Leviathan is a transliteration of Leviathan, a sea monster symbolizing evil in the Bible.
2. "Leviathan" is just the abbreviation of Chinese translation. The full name is "the material, form and power of Leviathan or a common wealth church and citizens", which is also translated as "child prodigy".