Let Jingzhou protect Liu Bei 1.
Jingzhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty includes today's Hubei, Hunan and parts of Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Guizhou. According to Records of Counties in the Later Han Dynasty, Jingzhou at that time was divided into seven counties with the Yangtze River as the boundary. Nanyang County is in Jiangbei, Nanjun County and Jiangxia County are mostly in Jiangbei, and the other two counties, Changsha County, Lingling County, Wuling County and Guiyang County are in Jiangnan. In 200 AD, Liu Bei, who was unable to gain a foothold in the north, defected to Liu Biao, a warlord in Jingzhou, and was placed in Xinye County, Nanyang County, where he lived in a long-term sponsor.
In 2008, Cao Cao led an army south, Liu Biao was killed by the earthquake, and his second son Liu Cong surrendered.
Liu Bei had to retreat to Jiangling (now Jingzhou City, Hubei Province), and was chased by Cao Cao's cavalry in Changban, Dangyang. Liu Bei fled south in panic and retreated to Xiakou, Jiangxia County (now Wuchang, Hubei Province) to join forces with Liu Qi, the eldest son of Liu Biao. The navy and army are about 20 thousand, which is all his possessions. In the subsequent Chibi War, Liu Bei, who was at the end of the road, joined forces with Jiangdong to defeat Cao Cao with fewer victories. Cao Cao was defeated and fled all the way. Sun Liujun chased Nanjun from Jiangxia.
At this time, the situation of seven counties in Jingzhou is: Cao Cao still controls Nanyang County and a small part of Jiangxia, while Liu Bei occupies the Jiangnan part of Jiangxia and Nanjun, and captures the rest of Jiangbei in Jiangxia. In the Jiangbei part of Nanjun, he fights with Cao Jun, while the four counties in Jiangnan hold a wait-and-see attitude. Before the Three Kingdoms appeared, the three parties first established the Small Three Kingdoms in Jingzhou.
Liu Bei was the biggest beneficiary of Chibi War and the biggest upstart after the war. After the war, Liu Bei actually broke away from Cao Jun. Taking advantage of the good opportunity of protracted war with Cao Cao in Nanjun, he led the army south, captured four counties in the south of the Yangtze River, and finally gained a foothold. After a year of bloody fighting, he occupied the Jiangbei part of Nanjun, and Cao Cao only owned Xiangyang (now Xiangyang, Hubei) in Nanjun.
At this time, Cao Cao was confronted in an all-round way on the thousand-mile front in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. After Cao Cao's defeat in Battle of Red Cliffs, he left two strategic corps in Jianghan Plain in the west and Huainan in the east, among which Zhang Liao, the most outstanding general of Cao Cao, was in Huainan.
Under the command of Zhang Liao, Huainan was always in trouble, and things could not be balanced. Shortening the front is the only choice. At this time, Liu Bei was at a loss because his territory was too small. He hopes to get the jiangbei part of Nanjun from there. At this time, counselor Lu Su put forward an idea: give Liu Bei the south county he occupied and let Liu Bei deal with Cao Cao on the western front.
This suggestion was put into practice at once. After Liu Bei entered Jiangling, he set up an administrative center here. This is a win-win business: one side can shrink its forces, defend the core areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and at the same time give Liu Bei a favor; Although Liu Bei had to face Cao Cao, a troublesome old rival, he got most of Nanjun, especially Jiangling, a military fortress in Nanjun. The forces that can be suppressed in the east go against the current, and the north can threaten the Central Plains at the nearest distance and attack Yizhou in the west (now Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces). It's really a good deal.
No wonder Cao Cao dropped all his pens in surprise when he heard the news. From then on, Liu Bei, the seventh county in Jingzhou, accounted for almost 65% of the total, which became the first one that influenced China at that time. This is the truth that Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou.
Why do you want to make peace with Wei and take the initiative to be an official in Wei?
He is not an idle person who has been doing nothing for more than ten years. When Sun Ce died in the fifth year of Jian 'an, Sun Zhongmou, as his younger brother, naturally inherited his brother's position. People who used to work under Sun Ce turned their attention to Sun Zhongmou and helped him wholeheartedly. Imagine, if you are just an ordinary person, can etiquette like Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao help him with your heart? This also proves that Sun Zhongmou is also a talented and resourceful person. Such a character, people can hide in Cao Wei for almost ten years, which was justified in the past.
In the twenty-five years of Jian 'an, it was not a seasoned strategist who succeeded in exploiting a big loophole. This is the famous "Guan Yu lost Jingzhou" incident. At that time, Mr. Kong Ming told Guan Yu that if we want to build an army in Jingzhou, we must not lose Jingzhou, a battleground for military strategists. Guan Yu sent troops to attack Cao Cao Jun. After all, nobody can count on it. At this time, I seized this good opportunity to attack Jingzhou and finally succeeded in taking Jingzhou from Guan Yu. Since then, Jingzhou has been successfully captured by Zhong, and the situation of three-thirds of the world has become a foregone conclusion. Just when everyone was about to start preparing for Zhong to become the overlord, Zhong was alone, sitting in no hurry and enjoying the enjoyment brought by victory quietly. It was not until the thirty-fourth year of Jian 'an that Zhong became emperor that he began to move the capital and build a company. Although Zhong's character is not as distinct as other characters in the Three Kingdoms, and compared with other characters, his character is even a little indecisive, and his "heroic consciousness" is not as strong as other characters, but it is precisely because of his unique character that his character is more prominent.
Sun Zhongmou's resilience is not only manifested in the event of "Guan Yu is Jingzhou", but also after this event.
After Sun Zhongmou captured Jingzhou, he attacked Guan Yu and "won" Jingzhou. This is something that many people didn't think of and didn't understand. Some big owls in history-Cao Cao, Liu Bei and others-will be defeated by their successors Sun Zhongmou. However, after Zhong made this series of things that shocked the world, he also made something even more surprising to the world, that is, he made peace with Wei and proposed to be an official in Wei. Many people think it's stupid and have no vision, but it's not. It is because of Sun Zhongmou's flexible personality that he finally succeeded in ascending to the throne of God. In fact, this is just a trick of Sun Zhongmou. Because Zhong earned a lot of money in Jingzhou, this move caused everyone to look at him. In order to avoid "two-way construction", he finally took the initiative to make peace with Wei, laying a deep foundation for a longer-term strategy, which also reflected his resourcefulness and strong heart.
Nowadays, the world's evaluation of Zhong is also mixed. Some people say that he has great personal charm and can make Lu Xun, Zhou Yu and others loyal to him. In fact, loyalty depends on mutual trust. As a newcomer to the battlefield, he can put many generals under his command and let him use them. Why? We don't know what these generals are thinking, but it is because of their trust that when Zhong Mou just inherited his brother's position, none of his generals were more resourceful and worse than him, but Zhong Mou was relieved to hand over many important tasks to these generals, because he knew that these generals were loyal to him. Zhong did have the ability to take his brother's place, but without the help of these generals, Sun Zhongmou might not be the Sun Zhongmou recorded in the history books.
When Sun Zhongmou was young, his qualities were mostly forbearance, strategy and foresight, but everything has two sides, and so do people. In his later years, Sun Zhongmou was not as outstanding as he was when he was young. His character is gradually distorted, suspicious and even cruel, which is far from him when he was young. In the future, the political turmoil and decline in Soochow are also closely related to the great changes in his later years. Objectively speaking, he doesn't have the military sensitivity of his father Sun Jian's brother Sun Ce, or even his brother's unique military talent.
But we can't deny that a teenager who started to face everything by himself at the age of 10 is admirable anyway. After Zhong became emperor, all his contributions to Wu were indelible, and he was fully developed in economy, politics and culture. When he was in office, he sent people to inspect Jiangnan and carried out large-scale land development here. He set up officials specializing in agriculture, practiced the system of reclaiming farmland, and fully developed Wu's agriculture, all of which reflected Zhong's extraordinary political talent and talent.
Although Sun Zhongmou was not as generous and brilliant as Cao Cao and Liu Bei in personality strategy, as a generation of emperors, he also played his greatest role. The greatest feature of his character is forbearance, but he is also the most prominent among several heroes in the Three Kingdoms. Although Zhong's "drama" in history is not as much as that of others, and it is not as concerned by others, it is precisely because of this that Sun Zhongmou's unique temperament makes it impossible to take his eyes off him.
Why did you choose to unite Liu Bei 3?
Why did Battle of Red Cliffs choose to unite with Liu Bei? Battle of Red Cliffs is one of the famous wars in the history of China. On July 12th, 2008 (13th year of Jian 'an, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty), Cao Cao led the land and water army, claiming to be a million, and launched the Jingzhou Campaign, followed by a crusade. Under the command of Zhou Yu, Liu Bei defeated Cao Jun in Chibi (now northwest of chibi city, Hubei, northeast of Jiayu) near the Yangtze River, thus laying a tripartite confrontation pattern among the three countries.
Houye was still very valuable in the late Han Dynasty. Although Liu Bei was an uncle, he was only a general before he proclaimed himself emperor, and the duke was called Sir Alex Ferguson, which was rare in the Han Dynasty. Li Guang, the flying general, died unsealed. Neither is Cao Cao himself. Although the Han Dynasty declined, all the decrees came from the imperial court. It is not that the emperor is incompetent, but that the court is not. The court is still very powerful. The strength is that Cao Cao is in charge of the work. With the imperial knighthood, it is the real thing. If not, it is a fake. If you are convinced, you can't claim to be an official. Although Cao Cao is in charge of the work of the imperial court, but people seal officials, who dare to criticize each other without admitting it, is that you can't pass the imperial court, and the imperial court can mobilize troops to punish you. If you don't listen to the tone, you will rebel or be beaten.
How did Wu Dong fight Cao Cao in Chibi?
After Liu Bei rebelled against Cao Cao, Cao Cao said that Liu Bei rebelled against the imperial court, but Liu Bei denied it. Liu Bei said that I only opposed Cao Cao's arrogance, not the imperial court, and I would fight against Lao Cao on behalf of the imperial court. Liu Bei voted for the Jingzhou shepherd Liu Biao awarded by the court, and Liu Biao took Liu Bei in. Liu Bei's life is good, and this stay is ten years. I have some strength myself. During this period, Cao Cao was not idle, and settled the northwest and northeast regions. Then I went south to clean up Liu Bei. Just after Liu Biao finished playing, something happened at home, and there was something wrong with the establishment. Liu Biao's second boy, Liu Cong, was protected by his mother and uncle, not his eldest son, Liu Qi. At this time, Cao Cao saw the opportunity and incorporated Liu Cong in the name of beating Liu Bei.
In the novel, Liu Biao is described as a good man of 250 years old. In fact, Liu Biao is quite awesome. Why didn't Cao Cao dare come when Liu Biao was hard? Cao Cao just thinks that Liu Biao has no ambition to annex the world, which is right. But Liu Biao is not a waste. At that time, Liu Biao came to Jingzhou alone with a power of attorney from the imperial court. When he first came here, there was not even a loyal minister of the Han Dynasty. It was he who, with the help of domestic slaves and power of attorney, took the local strongmen, famous families and a large number of bandits for his own use and established such a great inheritance through various literary skills and martial arts. Of course, he just wants to be a minister of ZTE, and he has no heart in the world. That's right.
So when Liu Biao was in good health, Liu Bei lived comfortably with him. Now that Liu Biao is dead, it is nothing to his second brother Liu Cong, but when his mother and his uncle wanted to establish Liu Cong, Liu Bei opposed it. Therefore, Liu Bei's stay is very uncomfortable. At this time, Cao Cao came to beat Liu Bei, and Liu Cong Group just took this opportunity to get rid of Liu Bei. The novel says that Liu Cong Group surrendered to Cao Cao and handed in the list. In fact, this is impossible, because the bretz group was an official of the Han Dynasty, and Cao Cao came here to inspect the cadres. Your father took in Liu Bei, a traitor from the imperial court, and he didn't have time to take care of you at that time. Now that your father is dead, Jingzhou belongs to the Han Dynasty. Do you want to pick it up? Let me see how you are, ok, and then study the inheritance. First, the Brittany Group has long wanted to get rid of Liu Bei. Second, they have no strength to oppose the imperial court or the central government represented by Cao Cao. Third, this time it happened to please Cao Cao, and it was most important to get the official recognition of the court.
He didn't buy it. After examination, it was considered that Liu Cong was not qualified to serve as Jingzhou Dai, so he was relieved of his post, but was given to an individual official to serve in other places. This is a great loss. But how could Liu Bei directly confront the imperial court with the power of Xinye County this time? I called several times, but it still didn't work, so I returned it. I called before. Liu Bei has not been without problems for more than ten years. Before Cao Cao came to beat Liu Bei, Liu Bei set fire to the pier in summer. But later, he attributed it to Kong Ming, but in fact, Xiao was still too young, only a teenager, studying at home, and nothing happened.
But not this time, Liu Bei is not going to fight again, and he will leave directly. But the locals have feelings for Liu Bei. Liu Bei is a kind person and is called "great virtue". Don't do it for the small good, and don't do it for the small evil. Such a famous saying is what he said when he was teaching his children and officials. It was really famous at the beginning. Therefore, Liu Bei did not abandon the masses for his own reputation, but took them with him. They are going to Xiakou to find Liu Qi.
Because Liu Qi wanted to avoid the harm of his younger brother and stepmother, he asked to guard Xiakou and stay away from home. This also left a hand for Liu Bei. However, after voting for Liu Qi, Liu Qi did not have the ability to compete with Cao Cao at that time. What should I do? Comrade Kong Ming thought of Wu Dong.
Of course, he didn't think of this, but Longzhong did. So he went to look for it. He was also a minister of the Han Dynasty. Cao Cao is the record secretary who presides over the work of the Central Committee and conveys instructions on behalf of the Central Committee. This time Liu Bei was arrested, on the one hand, he was on a southern tour. The northern forces opposed to Cao Cao were wiped out. Although Liu Biao in the south does not object, it is also a crime to take Liu Bei in. Now he has driven away his successor. Although he never opposed Cao Cao's Central Committee, his brother was very bad at that time and took away the country's imperial seal.
Therefore, Cao Cao will come to Soochow to inspect cadres after settling down in Jingzhou this time. Whether you can succeed your brother Sun Ce will be studied at a meeting of the imperial court, and you will be assessed before the meeting. However, what Cao Cao did in Jingzhou was somewhat hasty, and Liu Cong's fate made him very worried, which gave Kong Ming and Liu Bei an opportunity.
Kongming came to Wu Dong, stated his own experience, and asked Liu Bei to fight against Cao Cao, not at his mercy, and refused to recognize this court. I hesitate. First, Cao Cao has never made it clear that he can't take the place of Sun Ce. Second, he has no strength against Cao Cao's central government. Basically, all ministers are opposed to turning against the Central Committee and demanding that Liu Bei not be accepted. Liu Bei is only a traitor to the imperial court and a famous soldier under Asan. Accepting him is tantamount to opposing the court. It can't be done. We should bring Cao Cao and get the power of attorney first.
Jinling celebrity Sun Quan 4
Sun Quan, Emperor of Soochow, was born in Xiapi, Xuzhou (now Pizhou, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province) in five years (AD 182). Born in Fuchun, Wujun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang), he died in Taiyuan in the second year (AD 252). It is said that he was the 22nd grandson of Sun Wu, a strategist in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the second son of Sun Jian. Born with purple beard and blue eyes, bare eyes, big mouth and extraordinary appearance. From a young age, he was both civil and military, and he fought in the world with his father and brother in his early years. He is good at riding and shooting. When he was young, he often rode a horse to shoot tigers. He is very brave. Cao Cao once praised: Children should be like Sun Zhongmou.
In the fifth year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (200 years), my brother Sun Ce died of illness, and Sun Quan succeeded the marquis of Wu and the general in rebellion, leading the prefect to lead Jiangdong. From the eighth year of Jian 'an to the thirteenth year of Jian 'an (2003-2008), he conquered Huang Zu's satrap Jiangxia three times, during which he captured general Gan Ning. In the same year, Cao Cao, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, captured Yicheng and captured General Zuo and Liu Bei in Yuzhou. After Cao Cao occupied Jiangling, he wrote to Sun Quan and insisted on taking Dongwu. Soochow is divided into two factions: the main war faction, headed by Lu Su and Zhou Yu, and the main peace faction, headed by Zhang Zhao. Zhang Zhao was very convincing at that time, but Sun Quan intended to fight Cao Cao. At this time, Lu Su brought Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei's strategist from Jiangxia, indicating Liu Bei's determination to unite with Wu to resist Cao. Zhou Yu's timely return shows all kinds of disadvantages of Cao Cao, and the war is expected to win. Sun Quan made a decisive decision and took Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the left and right commanders to fight Cao Cao. Zhou Yu defeated Cao Cao in Chibi with 30,000 men by Huang Gai's stratagem. This is the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history.
After the war, Sun Quan and Cao Cao fought many times in Hefei and Ruzhou, each winning or losing. Meanwhile, Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined hands to marry their sister into Jingzhou. Judging from Lu Su's plan, he temporarily gave part of Jingzhou Nanjun to Liu Bei. 2 15 May, Anhui City was expropriated, and Zhu Guang, the satrap of Lujiang, was captured. In the same year, Liu Bei succeeded in taking Shu, and Sun Quan returned to Jingzhou, but Liu Bei refused. Sun Quan, in a rage, took Monroe as the general, even in Changsha, Guiyang and Lingling counties. Liu Bei sent another 50,000 troops to the public security, and Guan Yu sent 30,000 troops to Yiyang to confront Lu Su, and the war was imminent. But at this time, when Cao Cao pulled Hanzhong, Liu Bei faced a great threat, so he made peace with Sun Quan and returned the land east of Changsha, Jiangxia and Guiyang. In 2 19, Guan Yu, commander of Liu Bei Jingzhou, launched the battle of Xiangfan. At this time, Sun Quan saw that Liu Bei was becoming more and more powerful and posed a threat to himself with considerable strength. He immediately changed his strategy, formed an alliance with Cao Cao, took Monroe as the commander in chief, and captured Jingzhou where Liu Bei was located. Pan Zhang and Zhu Ran captured and killed Guan Yu alive. In 220, Cao Pi replaced Han as emperor, and the founding name was Dawei, which was called Cao Wei in history. In 22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, and his country name was Han, which was called Shi, and he immediately rose up to criticize him. Sun Quan decisively appointed 39-year-old Lu Xun as the viceroy to meet Liu Bei, and defeated the Shu army in the battle of Yiling. In 222, Cao Pi gave Sun Quan nine seals, conferring him the title of King of Wu, General Jingzhou as a shepherd, and the prefect of Jingyang as a military order of the Three Kingdoms. In the same year, Cao Wei attacked Wu in three ways, each with its own outcome. The overall situation is dominated by Wei Jun. However, Huan Zhu gave Cao a heavy blow and turned the whole situation around. Wei Jun was not as good as he thought, so Wei Jun had to retire.
In 223, Liu Bei died of illness, and Shu and Wu exchanged envoys, and the relationship eased. In 226, Cao Pi died of illness, and Sun Quan took the opportunity to capture Jiangxia, unable to return to heaven.
In 229, Sun Quan officially became emperor in Wuchang (now Sun Yicheng, Hubei Province), and the founding name was Dawu. Sun Wu Dynasty was formally established, and then he moved his capital to Jianye (now Nanjing). In 234, Sun Quan responded to Zhuge Liang's last Northern Expedition and made a personal expedition to Hefei, but was defeated by Man Chong, the secretariat of Yangzhou. In the following 229 years, Sun Quan sent troops to the Northern Expedition many times, and fought many times, each winning or losing.
After the sun rose, he sent people to sail on a large scale, which strengthened his ties with Yizhou (now Taiwan Province Province). Also set up agricultural officials to open up wasteland; And set up counties in Shanyue area, which promoted the development of land in the south of the Yangtze River. In his later years, Sun Quan became increasingly arrogant, prized Lu Yi and imposed heavy taxes and penalties. Sun Quan also made a big mistake in the dispute over heirs, and most famous ministers died unexpectedly. After the death of Sun Deng, Sun Quan first abolished Sun He, then gave Sun Ba the death penalty, and finally set up his youngest son, Sun Liang, which laid the groundwork for the future change of the Wu Palace.
In 252, Sun Quan died at the age of 7 1 year. Posthumous title, the great emperor, was called Wudong Dadi in history. Temple name Mao, reigned for twenty-four years.