Introduction to Dong Yuan:
Dong Yuan and Ju Ran, the pioneers of southern landscape painting, are also called "Dong Ju" in the history of painting, while Hao Jing and Guan Tong, the pioneers of northern landscape painting, are called "Jing Guan" in history. They became the four great landscape painters in the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty.
Dong Yuan: (? -962) An outstanding painter in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties. Origin, Yuan, Uncle Zi. Zhong Ling (now northwest of Jinxian County, Jiangxi Province) was also from Jiangnan. Originally a painter in the Southern Tang Dynasty Painting Academy, he later entered the Song Dynasty. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Jingchao (943-96 1) was appointed as the deputy envoy of "Dong Beiyuan".
He is good at painting the prospect of autumn haze, describing the real situation in the south of the Yangtze River, and painting Longshui and Zhong Kui at the same time, all of which are wonderful. Wind, rain, valleys, clouds, mountains and valleys, and rocks are charming. His mountain painting techniques are slender and round, shaped like a horse, with patterns on the water, many pavilions and straight trees. The leaves are mostly soft and beautiful with a single pen, pen holder and brush, with sand under them, lightly brushed with light ink, and broken, supplemented by moss, which fully shows the beautiful scenery of the southern landscape.
He studied Li Sixun and Wang Wei in his early years. Draw landscapes, bulls and tigers, and figures. The Jiangnan landscape, which is best at landscapes, is full of mountains and rivers, dark clouds, Xiqiao Yupu, and boats. It is not strange to use the pen, which creates the unique style of the simple and naive Jiangnan painting school and enriches the expression of landscape painting. There are two kinds of painting methods: one is mainly ink and wash, and the color is light. The mountain scenery is slender, round and hemp-like, with many alum heads (pebbles) covered with small ink spots, and the flat beach is covered with trees, which is the mountain scenery around Jingkou; In the Northern Song Dynasty, Guo praised him as "Wang Weishi" and Mi Fei praised him as "there is no such thing in Tang Dynasty". Another kind of rock with few grains, thick five-color crops and rich scenery, Zhao Mengfu called it Li Sixun similar to the Yuan Dynasty.
Dong Yuan's ink and wash landscape paintings have a great influence. Later generations called him and Ju Ran "Dong Ju" and became the ancestor of the Southern Landscape Painting School. Together with Li Cheng and Fan Kuan, they are called the "Three Heroes of the Northern Song Dynasty"; He, Hao Jing, Ju Ran and Guan Tong are also called "Four Great Landscape Painters in the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty".
According to legend, the painted ox and tiger are "flesh and blood, frivolous and full of spirit". The characters are mostly green and red, and the clothes are also made of powder. They are full of business sense and thoughtful. According to legend, Li Jing once called Feng Yansi to discuss this matter, but Feng Zhi dared not enter the palace gate and mistakenly took Gong E's green and red robe as the palace gate. A closer look shows that Dong Yuan painted it on the glass screen. The masterpiece Xiaoxiang Map is now in the Palace Museum; Summer Mountain Map, Shanghai Museum; The Waiting Map at Xiajing Mountain Mouth in Liaoning Provincial Museum; The two axes of "Su Long Suburb" and "Dongshantang" are recorded in 300 Kinds of Famous Paintings in the Forbidden City.