Many of the examples below are from high school textbooks, but they are all good, and I think many of his comments are very good and can be used as examples and analysis. I hope you like it...

2. "Me and the Temple of Earth (Excerpt)" (Shi Tiesheng)

Writing dissects content, thought, form and the act of writing itself to find reasons for writing (living). "I started thinking about writing from the day when my legs were disabled. Unexpectedly, this disability never wanted to leave me for the rest of my life. In this way, it asked me a question every moment: Why do you want to live? - This may be me. The motivation for writing. That is to say, to find a sufficient reason for living."

◆In 2002, Shi Tiesheng won the Outstanding Achievement Award at the Chinese Literature Media Awards. This award speech may be the most appropriate for him. Summary: "Shi Tiesheng is one of the most admirable writers in contemporary China. His writing and life are completely isomorphic. On his 'writing night', Shi Tiesheng used his incomplete body to speak the most complete And full of thoughts. What he experienced was the suffering of life, but what he expressed was the brightness and joy of existence. His wise words illuminated our increasingly dark hearts. "

◆The movie "Walking and Singing" is based on Shi Tiesheng's novel "Life is Like a String". There is a classic line in the movie that runs throughout: "When a thousand strings are broken, the eyes of the sky are opened." The background of this sentence It was the master of the blind luthier who once said that the 1,000th broken string can bring light. The blind man's desire for light, and the disabled legs' desire to walk, will never stop. In Shi Tie's works, we can always read this desire, and he has never concealed it.

3. "I Have a Dream" (Martin Luther King)

◆Dreams are the tapestry of life; when a person has no dreams, his vitality is completely exhausted when. A life without dreams is a bleak, poor, and empty life. Passionate expectations for life, brave pursuit and persistent belief remain in the heart as the legacy of youth. Therefore, people must have dreams and keep working hard for them. From the famous speech "I Have a Dream" by Martin Luther King, the American black leader who pursues equal rights, to the famous patriotic poet Qu Yuan in ancient my country, "The road is long and long, I will search up and down" to the modern revolution Mr. Sun Yat-sen, our ancestor, "takes the world as his own responsibility" tells us that behind success there is the support of dreams.

◆The rise and fall of the country affects the heart of every patriot. When the national crisis hit, Chulong stepped forward - talking about the Queen Mother Zhao. Chulong adopted a set of "detour tactics" to target the Queen Mother Zhao's psychological state, using emotions and reasoning, and finally convinced the Queen Mother Zhao. Many people praise Chulong's superb art of persuasion, but if it stops here, it will only be superficial! Through that superb art of persuasion, we should also see that Chulong cares about the future of the country with full enthusiasm and a masterful attitude. Destiny, the spirit of solving problems for the country. With this spirit, he made the Queen Mother understand the truth that "national interests are above all else." This is what finally moved the Queen Mother, and it is also our biggest gain from studying this article. Because "national interests are above all else", there is Qu Yuan's long journey and pursuit; only Su Wu's touching story of shepherding sheep; only Ban Chao's writing to join the army, Yue Fei's loyalty to serve the country; only then Gu Yanwu's "The rise and fall of the world, "Every man has his own responsibility", Tan Sitong's "I will laugh at the sky with my horizontal sword, and I will be brave enough to stay in Kunlun"... Only when we understand that "the interests of the country are above all else" can we educate our children and students to regard personal interests and the motherland as their own interests. When interests conflict, we must straighten the relationship between the individual, the collective and the country, sacrifice our own interests for the overall situation, and obey the call of the motherland.

4. Zhu Zhiwu retreated the Qin army ("Zuo Zhuan")

◆Qin and Jin besieged Zheng, and Zheng was in danger. "If Zhu Zhiwu is allowed to see Qin Jun, the army will retreat." Lost Zhu Zhiwu's strong recommendation can be said to be a wise eye for recognizing heroes. Zhu Zhiwu was ordered to go out at night and wisely spoke to the Qin Jun. Duke Mu of Qin was sincerely convinced and the Qin army returned. Jin Wengong faced the sudden change of wind and rain, but he still left resolutely. Zheng Guozhong was committed to turning danger into safety.

◆In the face of national crisis, Zhu Zhiwu understands the righteousness and never looks back; in the face of the powerful Qin, Zhu Zhiwu is neither humble nor arrogant, eloquent, intelligent and witty. His patriotism, regardless of personal gains and losses, his patriotic spirit of always thinking about Zheng Guo's safety, and his confidence and courage to go to the enemy camp without looking back are all worth learning from. Zhu Zhiwu's wisdom, bravery and strong patriotism overflow between the lines

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◆Zhu Zhiwu "came out at night" and went to Qin alone, convincing the Qin king with his eloquence. His determination to never look back, his confidence, his neither humbleness nor arrogance, and his eloquent conversation all need to be shown in the recitation.

◆In 1955, the famous scientist Qian Xuesen overcame many obstacles to return to China. At that time, the US Navy Director Kimball said: "I would rather shoot this guy than let him leave the United States, no matter what Wherever he is, he is worth five divisions. "Can one person's strength be worth five divisions? The "Zhu Zhi Wu Retreating the Qin Master" we are going to learn today will tell us the answer.

◆Zhu Zhiwu: In a roundabout way, he persuaded Uncle Qin to retreat based on the other party's vital interests. It can be seen from this that there are no eternal friends or eternal enemies between countries, only eternal enemies. Benefit. This was true in ancient times, and it is true in modern times as well.

◆There is a poem by Cao Cao: The old man is in trouble, but his ambition is thousands of miles. In his old age, the martyr is full of ambition. Throughout the ages, there have been many people with lofty ideals, no matter how unfair society and fate were to them, but at critical moments, they still stood up and devoted their time and energy to the country and the common people. Zhu Zhiwu is such a person that we admire endlessly.

◆Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang three times at the thatched cottage, and Zhuge Liang talked to him about the general situation of the world. It can be said that Zhuge Liang was preparing to leave the mountain before he came out, and the same was true for Zhu Zhiwu. Although he was not recognized for his talent, he did not give up his hope. It's not that Zhu Zhiwu doesn't want to do something in his career, his heart has never given up the desire to "fly into the sky". He is constantly paying attention to the world situation and thinking about the path to stabilize the world and help the people achieve their ambitions. You think about how a little "Bima Wen" could be so clear about the history of Jin, the character of the king of Jin, the psychology of Uncle Qin, and the grievances between Qin and Jin. The lofty sentiments of "the old man is brave and ambitious," is undoubtedly the main reason why future generations admire them.

◆The shining point of Zhu Zhiwu - "If you live and die for the benefit of the country, how can you avoid it because of good or bad fortune?" (Lin Zexu) Such a person whose talent has not been revealed for a long time, when the country is in trouble He still came out to relieve the siege of the country. We can imagine what it would be like for such an old man with all white hair and beard to come out at night. When he walked into the Qin camp on crutches, he was so righteous and solemn, looking at death as if he were home. The years have given Zhu Zhiwu too much loneliness and unwillingness. At the same time, they have also sharpened his composure and acumen. The simplest love for Zheng Guo has strengthened his composure and acumen. His confrontation with Uncle Qin was doomed from the beginning, and the energy he had accumulated for decades finally had a shining moment of release and explosion. "Opportunity only favors the prepared mind." But this opportunity came a little too late, and at the risk of national subjugation. But if the Qin and Jin Dynasties had not besieged Zheng, Zhu Zhiwu might have really "died in a stable" and been lost in the storm of history.

◆The light of the sword dimmed, and the clanking of drums and horns disappeared. Those vivid figures still remain in people's hearts. A warrior like Zhu Zhiwu who has the overall situation in mind and takes orders in times of danger can be said to be the backbone of the country! Let us use the ancients as a mirror to encourage ourselves!

5. "Gou Jian's Destroy of Wu" ("Guoyu")

◆"Those who have a will, things will come true. If the cauldron sinks the boat, a hundred and two Qin passes will eventually return to Chu; if you work hard, God will not let you down." , Lie on the firewood and taste the courage, three thousand Yue armor can swallow Wu." This is a couplet written by Yan Mai to praise Pu Songling's perseverance. The first couplet tells the historical fact that Xiang Yu led his troops across the Wei River in the last years of the Qin Dynasty, burned the cauldron and the boat, risked his life and survived, and finally defeated the main force of the Qin army; the second couplet describes the story of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, who suffered the defeat and tried his best to survive. , a story about seeking revenge and finally achieving the goal.

◆(Gou Jian) ??He is not an avenger, but a politician with deep knowledge and courage. Because he has great ambitions, he is able to remain calm despite changes. Because he knew people well and was able to give full play to Wen Zhong's intelligence. Because he did not forget the national humiliation and wanted to achieve great achievements, he was able to endure humiliation, endure hardships, serve the enemy with a cold face, and comfort the people while feeling deep self-reproach. During the warm years of "Ten Years of Living Together", he understood many truths and was therefore good at mobilizing the enthusiasm of the people.

◆The story of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, who worked hard and tried hard, and finally destroyed Wu Xueshi. Regarding this period of history, Li Bai wrote in his poem "Looking at the Ancients in Yue Zhong": "King Gou Jian of Yue defeated Wu Gui , the warriors returned home with all their robes of glory, and the maids filled the spring palace with flowers, but now only partridges were flying.

”, "Viewing the Ancients in Yue Zhong", it uniquely describes the joyous scene of the Yue Kingdom's complete victory and its return, and it is very lively. Gou Jian lay down on the firewood and tasted courage, plotting to avenge his humiliation, and endured the humiliation for seventeen years. Once Wu was destroyed, the whole country rejoiced, and his mood It is conceivable that the six thousand warriors who fought to the death are now returning home in fine clothes, and the palace of the past is suddenly filled with beautiful palace ladies - this reminds me of the three hundred warriors who committed suicide together in front of the enemy's battle line to defeat the Wu army. We can even imagine the wife of the King of Yue who endured humiliation with Gou Jian at that time. Sheng and drums were singing together, there was laughter and laughter everywhere, and there was a sea of ??joy everywhere. This scene was really exciting. The image of arrogance and pride is also hidden in it. When writing this, the poet suddenly changed his writing - "Only partridges are flying now." The sad pheasants of the world fly by, a strong contrast, which means self-improvement

6. "Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi for accepting advice" ("Warring States Policy")

◆Read " Those who read "Fengshenbang" must know that during the Yin and Shang Dynasties, a minister Bigan was dismembered and died by King Zhou for admonishing the king. Such a tragic ending was enough to scare away the admonishment ministers. However, there were still many wise and courageous people in various dynasties and generations. The loyal ministers and righteous men who are both good at admonishing and admonishing for the future of the country can survive in an era when accompanying the emperor is like accompanying a tiger.

◆Zou Ji: A generation of loyal ministers who are good at thinking and admonishing. A thoughtful person is good at extracting the principles of governing the country from every detail of life. It can be seen that this person has great ambitions and cares about the country. When admonishing others, he pays attention to skills and does not go straight to the topic, but cleverly sets up situations and talks about small things in his personal life. He began to act with emotion and reason, from near to far, and tactfully asked King Qi to accept his opinions. At the same time, his good advice was also reflected in his understanding of different objects of advice. The King of Qi understood his grand ambition to cultivate enlightened politics and his tendency to speak in cryptic words, so he expressed his advice in a way that was implicit but not revealing, so that good medicine was good for the mouth and good for the sick, and loyal words were pleasant to the ears and easy for the listeners to listen to. A wise king who is good at listening and doing well. He is good at listening to the advice, and he quickly realizes his problems and takes quick action. After listening, he will be rewarded three times. performance.

◆ "The most important thing for a person is self-knowledge" is an old Chinese saying, which means: it is valuable to look at oneself objectively and dialectically. Zou Ji, the counselor of Qi State, was such a wise man. He is a handsome man, but he is not as good as Xu Gong. His wife prefers him, his concubines are afraid of him, and his guests ask for him, and they all say that he is more beautiful than Xu Gong. What did Zou Ji think of from this, and how did he do it?

◆Taizong of the Tang Dynasty said: "Using copper as a mirror, you can straighten your clothes; using ancient times as a mirror, you can know the ups and downs; using people as a mirror, you can know the gains and losses." The monarchs of the past dynasties wanted to achieve great hegemony. There are only a few ministers who dare to give advice, but whether the advice can be effective depends on whether the king is wise and wise, and secondly, whether the admonisher pays attention to the art of giving advice, so that the "good medicine" is both "satisfactory" and "good medicine". "mouth" and "beneficial to disease". During the Warring States Period, King Qi Wei was very lucky to meet such a wise minister-Zou Ji.

◆There is a famous saying in our country: "Good medicine that tastes bitter is good for the disease, and good advice that offends the ears is good for one's actions." This sentence does make sense, and good advice that offends the ears is often good for one's actions. However, we know that there is a kind of medicine that does not Bitterness is called a “sugar-coated pill.” So, are there any pieces of advice that may not offend your ears but are beneficial to your actions? Does good advice have to be offensive?

◆The ancients said: "No one is a sage, how can he have no faults?" Even a gentleman will inevitably have faults. The difference is that "everyone can see his faults, and everyone can look up to his faults." "It's just." In ancient times, emperors appointed remonstrators. If they made mistakes, their subordinates could remonstrate with them. The emperor considers himself to be the "son of heaven", is rich all over the world, surrenders to all peoples, acts as a teacher for all ages, speaks for all ages, sits on a high throne, and looks down on everything. There are very few people in history who can listen to the objectionable words and accept the advice of Meiqin. But it cannot be generalized. There are also a few smart people who are willing to listen to advice in order to secure their position and win over people's hearts. There are sage kings and virtuous ministers, which make politics stable, the country peaceful and the people safe, and it is called a peaceful and prosperous era in history. Take Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and Wei Zheng as an example. The most prominent and typical ones are Zou Ji and King Qi Wei.

7. "Touch the Dragon and Talk about the Queen Mother of Zhao" ("Warring States Policy")

◆There is a fable like this: The sun and the north wind compete to see who can defeat a passer-by. Take off your clothes.

The north wind blew a biting cold wind, trying to blow off people's clothes, but people wrapped their clothes tighter and tighter. The sun warms people with its soft rays, and the weather is getting warmer. People also took off their clothes. Criticism should be like the sun, using a gentle attitude and heart-warming words to convince the other party, instead of using coercive means and harsh words. As the saying goes: "A kind word warms three springs, and a bad word makes June cold." Pay attention to If you focus on the art of speaking and let words warm people's hearts like the spring sun, you will have unexpected effects. "Touch the Dragon and Talk about the Queen Mother Zhao" is a typical example. The article goes from far to near, and goes in-depth layer by layer, from the three feet of ice to the melting of the ice, from the gurgling stream to the turbulent waves, it can be said that a ripe melon falls into the water and becomes a canal.

◆The Empress Dowager Zhao is the famous Empress Zhao Wei in history. In the article "After Zhao Wei asked the envoy of Qi" in "Warring States Policy? Qi Ce", Empress Zhao Wei first asked about the harvest, then asked about the people, and finally asked about the king, which made the envoy of Qi unhappy, thinking that she was humble first and then noble. And Queen Zhao Wei replied: "If you have no age, how can you have people? If you have no people, how can you have a king, so why should you abandon the original and ask the last question?"

◆ Liu Xie, a famous scholar in ancient my country, wrote in "Wen Xin" The role of eloquence was highly praised in "The Carving of the Dragon": "One word of argument is more important than the treasure of the Nine Cauldrons; a three-inch tongue is stronger than a million teachers." Does the "tongue" really have such a great effect? In "Warring States Policy", Chulong used his sharp tongue to persuade the Queen Mother Zhao.

◆Comments on the lobbying art of Zhu Zhiwu, Zou Ji, and Chulong—Zhu Zhiwu, one of the "old" people of Zheng, and his art of lobbying to sow discord in the critical autumn of Jin and Qin's encirclement of Zheng. Comes in handy. Zou Ji was one of the most handsome men in the Qi State. His beauty was second only to Xu Gong in the north of the city. He persuaded the King of Qi to persuade others and became famous all over the world. Chulong is old and decrepit. Everyone in the world knows that old women are famous for their nagging. Unexpectedly, Grandpa Chulong also nags a lot. He uses roundabouts to outflank him and tries to reason, which makes the Empress Dowager Zhao treat her beloved son Chang'an Jun as "Lulong". It makes it happen.”

◆Every time I see some people picking up their children on the bus, every time I see the only child being favored in the family, every time I hear some parents trying to arrange a good job for their children. When a "good" person rushes around for a bright future, does not hesitate to use power for personal gain, takes bribes and bends the law, he will always think of an intriguing story that happened between Zhao Weihou and Zuo Shichulong during the Warring States Period. I remembered Chu Long's words: "Parents who love their children have far-reaching plans."

8. "Encouraging Learning" (Xunzi)

◆ He is sensitive and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask questions. ("The Analects of Confucius"), a good scholar will fake others' strengths to make up for their shortcomings. ("Lu Spring and Autumn"), Bacon said that knowledge is power. Gorky has a famous saying: "Books are the ladder of human progress." This all shows the importance of learning. It can be said that people are in constant learning throughout their lives, and learning is a human instinct. What we want to study is how to transform this unconscious instinct into conscious behavior and greatly improve learning efficiency. In this regard, the ancients have pointed out the direction for us. Xunzi's "Encouraging Learning" written more than 2,000 years ago brilliantly discussed the importance of learning and the methods and attitudes that should be used for learning.

◆Xunzi was the last representative figure of Pre-Qin Confucianism, and he and Mencius, who preceded him, became two opposing factions in Confucianism. He abandoned the retro-conservative tendency of Confucianism, emphasized the importance of acquired learning, paid attention to people's subjective initiative, valued the role of education, and emphasized the importance of educational functions. These were all more reasonable and progressive than the ideas of his predecessors.

◆The influence of environment and the influence of customs. Xunzi believed that people's environment and customs also have a huge impact on human nature. He gave an example: "In the midst of hemp, it will stand upright without support; in the white sand, it will be black. The root of the orchid locust is Zhi, and its roots will gradually grow." "Zi Ling, the gentleman is not close, and the common people are not convinced. The quality is not unattractive, but it is so gradually. Therefore, a gentleman must choose his hometown when he lives, and he must find people when he travels, so he should avoid evil and stay close to the right." ("Encouragement to Learning") Therefore, Xunzi emphasized the importance of social atmosphere and customs. He said that "customs change one's will, and stability changes one's quality." Because people are content with what they are accustomed to, they may change their nature, which is the so-called "misinterpretation of customs, so nature changes." ("Confucianism")

◆ He said, "I think about it all day long, and it is not as good as what I learned in a moment." Learning is the basis of thinking, thinking is the depth of learning, and mastery of learning and thinking is Knowing the Ming, "There is nothing wrong with knowing and acting. Xunzi believes that thinking is the key between learning and doing. Those who learn without thinking are ignorant.

Therefore, he believes that the ideal "Great Confucian" is not only knowledgeable and capable, but most importantly, has extraordinary rational judgment ability. "When soil accumulates, mountains are formed, and wind and rain flourish; when water accumulates, abyss is formed, and dragons are born; when good deeds are accumulated, virtue is formed, and the gods are satisfied with themselves, and the holy heart is prepared." The process of "accumulation" is a gradual process, because knowledge is a process of continuous accumulation, and people's moral sentiments are also a process of continuous cultivation and improvement. Xunzi believes that concentration and perseverance are effective ways to learn and cultivate morality. Learning is an accumulation process and requires perseverance. The so-called "being good at imitation is to be good at learning to use the knowledge and tools accumulated by predecessors, so that learning can be effective and innovative."

9. Lu Xun's works meet Lu Xun in life

(1) I used to consciously distance myself from Lu Xun, thinking that he was out of reach and indifferent to the world. After reading Xiao Hong's "Lu Xun: The Other Side of Profundity and Greatness is Peace", I became interested in Lu Xun. Impulsive. In fact, Lu Xun is also an ordinary person. He lives among us: a husband, a son, and a father. Because of his peacefulness and his description of Liu Hezhen, he is no longer a god, but a god in my mind. Friends in the world. From the time I met Lu Xun, I met Lu Xun in my life. He always smiled and had a kind attitude in my heart. This became a beautiful scenery. I don’t want to explore his sad inner world. He doesn't want to capture the rebellion deep in his soul, but just wants to touch his soul peacefully and feel his rich emotional world. He can write generously, holding a sharp dagger to the enemy's heart; he can also write romantic and sentimental poems to Xu Guangping. You can also enjoy the warmth and romance of your family with all kinds of charm and tenderness; you can also enjoy the family happiness with your son Hai Ying affectionately; you can also teach his female disciple Xiao Hong like a loving father and give tireless guidance She completed "The Field of Life and Death"... I listened quietly to his breathing until he passed away from lung disease in 1936. If I were lucky enough to become friends with Lu Xun, I would definitely be his critical friend: advise him to smoke less and take better care of his health. , take good care of his soul; if I am lucky enough to meet her again in life, I will definitely worship him as my mentor...

(2) Dear Mr. Lu Xun: Hello! I am your loyal reader, I have read your novels, essays, poems, essays and letters, and I sincerely admire you. Please allow me to take the liberty of calling you my mentor. Maybe some people say that a woman's lack of talent is virtue; a woman's hair is long but her knowledge is short. Women must abide by the "three obediences and four virtues"; learn to be a lady... In fact, the world is changing rapidly. Women can already support half a day! In today's society, "who says women are inferior to men"! Time has changed! Teaching, wandering in your works, is like a spring breeze, and your advice is like spring breeze and rain: let's be a stream! It is crystal clear; if it is a quagmire, who knows how deep it is! Your approachable attitude is deeply affecting! You have given me a grateful heart. Learn to be kind to others and understand the truth. You believe in Darwin's theory of evolution: youth is better than old. ! Your charisma permeates my thoughts and purifies my heart. When I meet you, you are both a good teacher and a friend. Fall in love once and for all, read your works, let me enjoy the various aspects of life, and let me shine with the light of wisdom. Master, Lu Xun! A master writer should have a magnificent spirit and a large number of works. His works can make people pass through the waves. The soul is shocked. As a teacher, you should conquer your students with your charisma; because "learning from a high level is a teacher, and being upright is a model." There is poetry and calligraphy in my belly! The mountains stand tall and the scenery stops! If you don't say anything, you will create your own trouble! I deeply admire Lu Xun. In the long river of life, I was fortunate enough to meet Lu Xun. You injected freshness and wisdom into my life, filled me with deep affection, awakened the sleeping Chinese people, smashed the iron house, broke free from the shackles, and walked out of the confinement. I shout for you!

10. "The Man in the Box" (Chekhov)

◆French thinker Pasier said, "Man is just a reed, he is the universe. The most fragile thing in the world. But man is a thinking reed." Human life is fragile, and anything in the universe can kill a person. However, human beings have become the masters of all things. This is precisely because human beings have a thinking soul, and human beings are noble because of their thoughts.

However, when people's thoughts are locked in a cage and lose the freedom to fly, are people still "human"?

◆In "The Man in the Box", Chekov created a withdrawn, timid, fearful of change, who wanted to be a "law-abiding and good citizen" of the current system. husband. The sad thing about Belikov is that he tried every means to hide himself, using layers of covers, but he did not expect that his hiding would instead expose him to everyone. When he When he has been alienated into a condom, this condom seems to have turned into a bunch of white, making him an alien in the eyes of others. He is squeezed and rejected by the people around him until he finally goes to the grave - an eternal man. cover.

◆Belikov walked home to Varenka’s laughter and embarked on the road of no return in life. In fact, Varenka’s smile was not hostile at all. Like a child who can't help but laugh when he sees something interesting. In Belikov's view, the climax of the comedy that people have been waiting for has finally appeared. Soon, the embarrassing scene of his falling down the stairs will be completely exposed. Everyone's eyes were submerged in endless ridicule. This was exactly what Belikov wanted to escape, and he indeed had no way to escape now. In Kafka's "The Metamorphosis", Gregor, who was transformed into a beetle, still thought about everything in the world with tenderness at the end of his life. He knew that his death would be a relief for himself and his family. He still has endless attachment to the relatives who abandoned him, but Belikov's world is filled with fear and despair at the end. What we have seen before is that Belikov, as a loyal lackey of the Tsar, suppresses the thoughts of the people around him, but ignores that the hostility and cynicism of these people around him towards Belikov also caused Belikov The cause of death is just like the short-clothed gang's repeated ridicule of Kong Yiji in Mr. Lu Xun's "Kong Yiji", which finally pushed him to the tragic situation of death.

11. "Border Town" (Shen Congwen)

◆ "Border Town" describes one form of life, and all novels can only describe one form of life. The form of life shown in "Border Town" is indeed natural. The life here is kind, hard-working, simple, real and natural. It is not delicate or artificial, nor eager for quick success, and embodies the most beautiful side of human nature. This form of life is beautiful. They are reserved but not overreaching, tender but not violent. Their life is elegant and peaceful. This form of life is healthy and not contrary to human nature. They love, dare to love, love deeply and thoroughly.

◆The author uses "Border Town" as the title: "Border" means edge, which is opposite to "center". There is a sharp contrast between the life style in the border towns and the life style in the center. The title "Border Town" is intended to illustrate the passing of this form of life, while the opposite form of life that is vulgar, corrupt, shallow, and money-oriented is expanding and becoming popular.

◆This article was written in 1934. Shen Congwen, who came out of rural areas in western Hunan, saw the decline of traditional virtues covered by urban civilization, saw the materialistic desires and supremacy of money in modern civilization, and saw the indifference of simplicity and sincerity. In order to avoid the popular trend of retreat, corruption and superficiality, I wrote this article to express my inner pain and my desire to promote traditional virtues. Traditional civilization is a closed agricultural civilization. Agricultural civilization has many virtues that we need to inherit, but agricultural civilization must also have its flaws. Those lovely people who are reserved, graceful, hard-working, and simple, because they are not good at expressing themselves and not good at striving for others, they can't help but suffer from the color of loneliness. Whether to stick to tradition or embrace modernity, and how to better combine traditional virtues with modern consciousness, is a difficult choice, and it is also a problem that has long troubled human existence. Take the Chinese New Year for example. We hope that it will be as sacred and lively as it was a few decades ago, but with the improvement of people's material lives and the development of modern consciousness, no matter what, we can no longer find the kind of celebration described in "Blessings" The taste of Chinese New Year.

◆The mountains are still green, the water is still green, and the people are still so beautiful. If I had to use two words to summarize "Border Town", it would be: "beauty" and "love". Shen Congwen said: "My intention is not to lead readers to travel to the Peach Blossom Spring, but I want to take advantage of it. Seven hundred miles upstream from the Peach Blossom Spring, in a small town in the Youshui River Basin, a few foolish people in a small city are tied together by one thing. A piece of sorrow and joy, it once provided an appropriate explanation for the word "love" of human beings. "The "beauty" in "Border Town" is mainly expressed through "love".

Love between the sexes, brotherly love, parent-child love, and friend love. This kind of "love" is not only the output and tolerance of one party, but also a kind of harmony between each other. She is "love" in a deeper sense for mankind. There are also people with good intentions, thus forming the honest folk customs and quiet and peaceful atmosphere of the border town.

◆It turns out that the scenery of youth is not always sunny and full of flowers. It also has worries, pain, obsession, intoxication, arrogance, noise, struggle, and loss. The inner sorrow and rain are no more complicated than reality. Complex and inferior. This is a story of growing up, the sadness related to youth, which "continues to be cut, but remains chaotic", "comes like a spring dream for a long time, and leaves like autumn clouds without finding a place", if it is there or not, it is hazy, confusing and entangled. People who have passed through the youth station are often like Cuicui's grandfather. Although they are full of well-intentioned care, they always find it difficult to enter the inner world of youth equally.

◆Everything that exists is reasonable. People always have such and such thoughts and behaviors when they are young. Looking back many years later, we will find that most of those cute and ridiculous things have gone away from us, but they did really accompany us when we grew up. If we use adult experience to make one-size-fits-all decisions, make ethical moral judgments, and end up with childish and ridiculous conclusions, or even adopt an attitude of indifference and contempt, set standards and limit young minds, it would be really stupid and stupid. Cruel. "The sky has never left any trace of me, but I have flown over." No matter what kind of tragedy, joy, ups and downs the experience of youth has, no matter what kind of paradox, absurdity and heart-breaking torture it is full of, it is a stroke of life. Rare wealth, life is enriched, accumulated and sublimated in such turmoil and play. Say goodbye to those impetuous, pretentious and anxious, and people will slowly move towards the maturity of life. Although Cuicui, who emerged from the sentimental fog of youth, has experienced the life and death of her relatives, and is waiting lonely and persistently for the return of her sweetheart in the setting sun at the ferry, we believe that in this beautiful and regretful waiting, her life You will become more resilient and tenacious, more able to withstand the ups and downs of life.

◆Looking back at the scenery of youth, let us pour understanding and sympathy into love, let us tolerate the stumbling, crooked and even accidental derailment of the youthful soul, and let us experience that in looking back. The sadness of the passing away, the sadness related to youth, look at how the tadpoles turn into frogs, how the bamboo shoots grow into the bamboo forest, look at the small trees growing up where the big trees fell, and the moonlight disappears The stars light up again in the night. Take a look at the smoke lit by the old farmers returning to herds. Take a look at the sea. How faithfully it records the changes of the dinosaurs. Take a look at the world to see what has changed or stayed the same. It depends on our hearts, what should we abandon and what should we hold on to.