If you don’t see it, the water of the Yellow River will come up from the sky, and it will rush to the sea and never return. Li Bai’s "Jinjinjiu"

"The Yellow River flows to the East China Sea, and thousands of miles are written in the mind." Li Bai "Gift to Pei Shishi"

Far above the Yellow River, among the white clouds, there is an isolated city called Wanren Mountain. "Liangzhou Ci" by Wang Zhihuan

The solitary smoke is straight in the desert, and the sun is setting over the long river. Wang Wei's "Envoy to the Fortress"

The sun is shining over the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. Wang Zhihuan's "Climbing the Stork Tower"

I want to cross the Yellow River and the Fortress, but I am about to climb Taihang, which is covered with snow. Mountain Li Bai's "Traveling is Difficult"

The Yellow River has nine bends and thousands of miles of sand, and the waves and winds are tossing it from the end of the world. Liu Yuxi·Tang Dynasty's "The Waves and the Sand"

If you don't reach the Yellow River, you won't give up, and you won't hit the south wall. Don't look back. The Yellow River is yellow and the Great Wall is long. Heroes have fought in all directions. The Yellow River has fallen to the sky and walked to the East China Sea. Thousands of miles are written in the mind. Baiyue is close to the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to the next level. (Wang Zhihuan's "Climbing the Stork and Magpie Tower") Mount Tai is the fortress, and the Yellow River is the belt. (Ruan Ji's "Yong Huai") The nine bends of the Yellow River are falling on the horizon, and the three peaks of Huayue are coming up. (Huang Zi's "Sending Li Youzhi to Shaanxi for Consultation") The Yellow River touches the mountains for thousands of miles, and the vortex spins around the mines of Qin. (Li Bai's "The Yuntai Song of Xiyue Farewell to Dan Qiuzi") Xiyue Mountain is so majestic, and the Yellow River flows like silk from the sky. (Same as above) The Yellow River falls from the sky and flows through the East China Sea, thousands of miles are written in the mind. (Li Bai's "Gift to Pei XIV") The Yellow River comes from the west to conquer Kunlun, roaring thousands of miles away and touching the Dragon Gate. (Li Bai's "Gongwu Crossing the River") The Yellow River can be blocked with earth, but the north wind, rain and snow can hardly cut it. (Li Bai's "North Wind Travel") Far above the Yellow River, among the white clouds, is an isolated city called Wanren Mountain. Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. (Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci") The Yellow River has nine bends and thousands of miles of sand, and the waves and winds are tossing it from the end of the world. Now we go straight up the Milky Way to the home of the Morning Glory and the Weaver Girl. (Nine Poems of "Lang Tao Sha" by Liu Yuxi) The Yellow River has nine bends and thousands of miles of sand, and the waves wash away from the cliff. Now go straight up the Milky Way to the home of the Morning Glory and the Weaver Girl. On a bright moonlit night along the Yellow River, the cold sand looks like a battlefield. The rushing water makes a roaring sound, and the plains reach the wilderness. Wu Hui's book is difficult to reach, and the road to Yantai is long. The man has been a guest for a long time and does not recognize that he is a foreign country. Seeing the mighty flow of hundreds of rivers, there is nothing more beautiful than the Yellow River. The Kunlun Mountains are extremely steep, and the rocks are jagged. Climbing the Dragon Gate and traveling south, the wind blows over the clouds in Qu'a. When the main pillar is lifted, it stirs up turmoil; when it crosses Luorui River, it stirs up waves. The body is entrusted with the snake in the back earth, and the spirit is with the man in the sky. It passes through the Nengdian River in the middle of Xia, and passes through the wilderness in Shuobei. It traveled to the northern border for two weeks and flowed to the southern countryside of the third Jin Dynasty. Qin opened up the land from the west, Qi controlled the east and drew the territory. The Yin Tu were involved and settled forever, while the Wei moved to Ji and settled the territory. Zhao Jue Liu defeated Wei, and Ying led the ditch and destroyed Liang. I sigh when I think about the beautiful flowers, how difficult it is to measure the virtue of water. Poems and ballads about the Yellow River. From the Book of Songs to Tang poetry, Song lyrics, Yuan opera and other literary classics, as well as a large number of cultural classics, they were also produced in the Yellow River. They are the shining treasures of the Yellow River civilization. Li Bai's poem said: If you don't see it, the water of the Yellow River comes up from the sky and rushes to the sea never to return. (About to drink) The Yellow River falls from the sky and flows through the East China Sea, thousands of miles are written in the mind. (To "Pei Shishi") Wang Zhihuan said: Far above the Yellow River, among the white clouds, there is an isolated city called Wanren Mountain. Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. (Liangzhou Ci) Baiyue is close to the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to the next level. (Climbing the Stork Tower) Wang Wei's poem said: The lonely smoke in the desert is straight, and the long river falls round. (Envoy to the fortress) "The boatman's trumpet is thundering, and the boatmen are pulling fiber and sinking step by step. They are carrying tens of millions of pieces of cloth, but the boatmen have no clothes to cover themselves. They are carrying tens of millions of loads of grain, but the boatmen can only chew the chaff. Warlord boss Make a fortune, but the boatmen of the Yellow River are poor for generations." "A flying dragon came out of Kunlun, swung its tail and passed through the three gates. Three formations, burning millions of soldiers in Cao's camp. "Yellow River boatmen have lived on the Yellow River for generations, drifting on wooden boats. They know the Yellow River well and regard ships as treasures. In the life practice of fighting against the wind and waves of the Yellow River, the boatmen created colorful and unique Yellow River chants. The chants express the complex emotions of the boatmen, reflecting their happiness, anger, sadness, joy, sorrow, resentment, sadness and joy. The Yellow River boatmen's chants accompany the boatmen's work and are the melody of the boat people's lives. .

"Nine bends of the Yellow River and thousands of miles of sand, the waves and winds are blowing from the end of the world" [Nine bends of the Yellow River are thousands of miles of sand, and the waves and winds are blowing from the end of the world] These are the first two words in the first poem of the Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi's "Nine Poems on the Waves of the Waves" The last two sentences are: "Now we go straight to the Milky Way, and we go to the home of the Morning Glory and the Weaver Girl. "The Yellow River falls from the sky and travels to the East China Sea, and thousands of miles are written in the mind. (Gift to "Pei 14") Wang Zhihuan said: Far above the Yellow River among the white clouds, there is an isolated city Wanren Mountain. Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. (Liangzhou Ci) ) Baiyue is close to the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to the next level. (Climb the Stork Tower) Wang Wei's poem said: The desert is solitary, and the long river is round. There is a sound of thunder, and the shipwreck sinks step by step while pulling fibers. Thousands of pieces of cloth are transported, but the boatmen have no clothes to cover themselves. Carrying tens of millions of loads of grain, the boatmen could only chew the chaff. The warlord boss made a fortune, while the Yellow River boatmen were poor for generations. ""A flying dragon came out of Kunlun, swaying its head and tail through three gates. The roar shook the top of Mang Mountain, and the stormy waves moved the boat. " "Three Qi Zhou Yu is in the east of the Yangtze River, and Zhuge Liang will sacrifice the platform to the east wind. They set up three formations of the Dongfeng Company and burned millions of soldiers in Cao's camp. " Every year, the golden river returns to the Jade Pass, and the horses and swords ring in the court. (Liu Zhongyong of the Tang Dynasty, "Zhengren's Resent") The Yellow River flows to the east, and the white sun sets in the west sea. (Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty, "Ancient Style") The balcony is separated by the Chu River, and the spring grass The Yellow River was born. (Li Bai, Tang Dynasty, "Send Away") The Haixi Army on the north bank of the Yellow River, the sound of drums and bells was heard all over the world (Du Fu, Tang Dynasty, "Yellow River") sent out the Kunlun Five-Colored River, a yellow and turbid stream passed through Zhongzhou. "Romantic figures of the ages." Su Dongpo's waves wash over the sand, Liu Yuxi's nine bends, the Yellow River's thousands of miles of sand, and the waves and winds blow from the end of the world. Now we go straight up to the Milky Way, and we go to the home of the Morning Glory and the Weaver Girl. Far above the Yellow River, among the white clouds, there is an isolated city called Wanren Mountain. ——" "Liangzhou Ci" Wang Zhihuan's "Two Poems on the Yellow River" Author: Du Fu Year: Tang Genre: Qijue Category: Unknown Haixi Army on the north bank of the Yellow River, the sound of the drums and bells is heard all over the world, the countless iron horses are ringing, and the barbarians are moving in groups on the west bank of the Yellow River. Shu, I want to provide my family with no grain. I wish to drive the common people to wear the king, and throw away gold and jade with a cart of books. Author: Du Fu Year: Tang Genre: Qi Jue Category: Unknown Haixi Army on the north bank of the Yellow River, the sound of the drum is heard all over the world. The iron horses are roaring, and the barbarians are moving in groups. On the west bank of the Yellow River, there is no grain for the family. Writer from Jifu County: Wei Yingwu faces the Cangshan Mountain Road to the east. The mountains in the southeast are open to the river. The cold trees are far away in the sky. The setting sun is shining brightly in the turbulent currents. A few years ago, the geese are on the clear wind. The eunuchs and couples traveled on the bridge, but the boats were not of the same mind.

The management of the Yellow River and the construction of water conservancy have a long history. The earliest irrigation project in China was the Qichi Lake in the Yellow River Basin (in the southwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province). There is a record in "The Book of Songs" that "the Qi Lake flows north and soaks the rice fields".

In the early Warring States period, large-scale water diversion and irrigation projects began to appear in the Yellow River Basin. In 422 BC, Ximen Bao was the commander of Ye. Twelve canals were built on the Zhang River, a tributary of the Yellow River, to irrigate farmland. In 246 BC, the Qin Dynasty built the Zhengguo Canal in Shaanxi Province, which diverted water from the Jing River to irrigate more than 40,000 hectares (2.8 million acres today) of "Luxury Land". , "Therefore, Guanzhong was fertile and fertile, and Qin became prosperous and powerful, and it played an important role in unifying China."

The Han Dynasty paid more attention to farmland water conservancy and built Liufu Canal and Henan Province. The Bai Canal expanded the irrigation area of ??the Zhengguo Canal, and at the same time built the Chengguo Canal, Lingzhen Canal, etc. on the Wei River. The Guanzhong area became the earliest developed economic zone in the country.

In order to consolidate the border, from the Qin and Han Dynasties. The policy of land reclamation and border garrisoning was implemented, and canals were opened to irrigate fields in the Huangshui River Basin and the Ningmeng Hetao Plain along the Yellow River, turning large areas of desert into oasis, earning the reputation of "forging ahead in the south of the Yangtze River"

In order to ensure the supply of Chang'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng and other capitals, the development of water transportation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River also has a long history.

Dayu's achievements in water control also include the management of the Yellow River, and there are rivers up and down the river almost everywhere. Miao copy it? Embankments have been widely constructed downstream.

In 651 BC, Duke Huan of Qi, one of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period, "meeted the princes in Caiqiu" and proposed a ban on "no song defense" to resolve disputes over the construction of embankments among the princes. In the long historical period that followed, as the Yellow River overflowed frequently and changed its course, preventing floods in the Yellow River became a major event for successive dynasties. A large amount of manpower and financial resources were invested in constantly blocking and repairing the river. During the Western Han Dynasty, official positions such as "River Envoy" and "River Visitor" were established. The chiefs of counties and counties along the river were responsible for guarding the river embankment. There were about thousands of full-time personnel guarding the river embankment. "Ten counties near the river" "The annual cost of dike management is tens of millions." The river defense project has reached a considerable scale. According to "Han Shu·Gou Xi Zhi", up and down Qishuikou (southwest of today's Hua County), the Yellow River has become an "above ground river". The embankment body is "four or five feet high" (approximately 9 to 11 meters), and the embankment is also very high. "Historical Records: Book of River Qus" records that in 109 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered "Ji Ren and Guo Chang to send tens of thousands of soldiers to block the gourds" and personally led his officials to the site to participate in the blockade, which shows that the blockage of the Yellow River was already quite huge. project. The earliest large-scale river control project recorded in historical records was "Wang Jing managed the river" in 69 AD. "In the twelfth year of Yongping, it was proposed to build the Bian Canal." "Hundreds of thousands of soldiers were killed, and Jing and Wang Wu were sent to build the canal and embankments. From Xingyang It reaches Qiancheng Haikou in the east and is a thousand miles away." "In the summer of April of the 13th year of Yongping, the Bian Canal was completed... The edict said: '... Now that we have built embankments, managed the canals, cut off the water, and erected gates, the river and Bian Canal have been diverted and their old traces have been restored.'" "Although Jing saves service fees, it still costs tens of billions." The Yellow River's southward intrusion was restrained and the water transport of the Bian Canal was restored, achieving good results.

Kaifeng was the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, the Yellow River was seriously flooded. The Song Dynasty attached great importance to river management. River embankment judges were set up in various states to take charge of river affairs, and important officials in the imperial court were often involved in disputes over river management strategies. During this period, the issue of river management aroused many people's discussions, which deepened the understanding of the river conditions and water regime of the Yellow River. River engineering technology has made great progress, especially Wang Anshi presided over the mechanical dredging of the river, diversion of the Yellow River, and diversion of the Yellow River to Bian to develop siltation irrigation. There are many innovations in yellow treatment technology.

After the Ming Dynasty, with the development of society and economy and the intensification of the Yellow River overflow disaster, the imperial court paid more attention to river management, and the river management institutions gradually became complete. In the Ming Dynasty, the Ministry of Industry was in charge of river management, and the Prime Minister was directly responsible. Later, the Prime Minister was given the military title of admiral and could directly command the army. Local officials below the governor of the provinces along the river also had the responsibility of river management, and gradually strengthened the control of the lower reaches of the river. Unified management of services. In the Qing Dynasty, the governor of rivers had greater authority and was directly ordered by the court. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the river management industry developed greatly, and embankment repair and management and maintenance technologies made great progress. A group of effective river management experts, represented by Pan Jixun and Jin Fu, emerged. In the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, wars continued, the state declined, and river governance came to a standstill. In modern times, water conservancy experts represented by Li Yizhi and Zhang Hanying vigorously advocated the introduction of Western advanced technology and studied strategies for comprehensively regulating the Yellow River. However, due to the constraints of socio-economic agreements, it was always difficult to make achievements.

Throughout the history of Yellow River control, before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the so-called river control was actually limited to the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and mainly passively prevented floods. However, the long history of river management has left behind numerous documents and classics, which are rare in other rivers in the world. It is a precious heritage and worthy of further study and reference.