Zhuangzi was a figure in the Warring States Period, and his calmness was in sharp contrast with social unrest. The King of Chu State agreed with Zhuangzi's thoughts very much, and planned to invite him to be the prime minister of Chu, and specially sent someone to invite Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi doesn't want to be an official. He thought that once he got involved in the court, he would become a four-elephant man. In addition, all monarchs believe that their power status is sacred and inviolable, and it is naturally contradictory to the monarch's thought to advocate equality for all. At that time, the Prime Minister of Chu was a friend of Zhuangzi, and he was afraid that the King of Chu would reuse Zhuangzi, so he was laid off and unemployed.
Hearing this, Zhuangzi had a long talk with his friends during his trip to Chu. He explained the way of nature to his friends. Everything in nature is in a state of balanced movement. If deliberately changed, it will destroy the original gas field and law. Zhuangzi said that he has been pursuing truth and freedom all his life, and will not take power as the center. The Prime Minister was ashamed, and he felt that his little man's heart could not hold his head in front of Zhuangzi's virtue as a gentleman. He went to visit the King of Chu, told him what Zhuangzi really thought, and advised him not to use force to make Zhuangzi yield. The King of Chu carefully read Zhuangzi's Heaven, and found that Zhuangzi could not be measured by ordinary people's thinking.
Zhuangzi's literary attainments are very high, which complement his Taoist thoughts. With the help of words, he can present his thoughts, express his admiration and respect for nature, and let the world understand the invisibility of Taoism through tangible literary works.
Thinker Zhuangzi's Fisherman's Reading Thought
About this matter, many people say it is false, and it should be invented by others. But whether it's true or not, the ideas inside really accord with Zhuangzi's way of dealing with people. Look at the topic. You think it's the story of Zhuangzi and the fisherman, but it's not. Simply put, this is between the fisherman and Confucius. I don't know if this fisherman is Zhuangzi, but the fisherman's thought is really Zhuangzi's thought.
On this day, Confucius and his disciples experienced culture and music in nature. A fisherman was attracted by music and got off the boat. After listening to the music, he called Luz and Zigong to his side. These two people are really sincere and let go of the past. Then, after the fisherman asked about the basic situation of the two men, he secretly criticized Confucius and implicitly said that this man was too far from the avenue.
Any disciple likes his teacher to be criticized. The two men turned to see Confucius and told their teacher about it. People with great culture are just different. Upon hearing this, Confucius decided that this man was the Great Sage and hurried to meet him. It happened that the fisherman was about to leave when he saw Confucius coming, so they started another conversation. After all, the fisherman is still a cultural person. When he didn't see Confucius, he directly scolded Confucius, slowly chatted with Confucius and criticized: you are not in that position, but you worry about those things all day. Isn't that asking for trouble? Besides, this is out of line. Confucius is a saint. Of course, if he is not angry, he will listen quietly.
This fisherman is a product of Taoism. The author also criticizes the Confucian viewpoint from the perspective of Taoism. No matter whether the things in this article are true or not, this idea is really worth thinking about.
How to evaluate Zhuangzi?
Zhuangzi made great achievements in literature. His diction, rhetoric, description of natural things and dialogues between characters are very vivid, and he uses a lot of parallelism and metaphors to make his articles very imposing and infectious.
Many of his hundreds of thousands of works and sentences are praised as famous sayings by later generations, from which many idioms and allusions are derived. The philosophy of life contained in sentences often inspires us. He is a very successful writer, and few descendants can surpass his literary level. As an ancient literati, he is already a very powerful person who has achieved so much.
However, Zhuangzi's strength lies in his thoughts, not in his writing ability. His ancestors used to be kings, so there is an element of arrogance in his bones. He was poor all his life, but he was not moved by fame and fortune at all. Quit your official position and travel around the world leisurely. He has been diligent, thoughtful and observant since childhood. In other countries, in addition to feeling the beauty of natural mountains and rivers, he also studied with an open mind and devoted himself to studying the thoughts and theories of various countries. He is smart and talented. He has traveled all over the week, but he didn't find anyone to argue about his talent and knowledge. He was so arrogant that he easily refused the invitation of the king of Chu. Finally, he chose to write books in seclusion. He is a great scholar, tireless, and wrote hundreds of thousands of words. He wrote down all his feelings and thoughts in words. Peaches and plums are self-made, empty valleys and orchids are fragrant and natural, but people are not obvious, but they are famous. Although he is a simple man and lives in seclusion in the mountains, there are more and more disciples under his door.
He was born during the war. Although the progress of history is chaotic, his thoughts are still like a clean stream flowing in the desert, like a unique flag, like an ancient and peaceful soul guardian.
Zhuangzi's fable is a good example.
Xiao Wei for Dong Shi is a fable written by Zhuangzi, and it is also a satirical fable that people are particularly familiar with.
This fable mainly tells the story of a person who lost himself. As we all know, she is a great beauty. She is a beauty lover. Although she is a beauty, Shi is not a healthy beauty-she has a heartbreaking heart. This kind of thing, heartburn, may be stomach trouble or heart disease today. Anyway, it is right to cover your chest and frown all day.
Where there are beautiful women, there must be ugly women. A woman with an average appearance is called Dong Shi. In fact, it is the opposite of "west", in order to make the contrast more obvious. People say they are good-looking. After careful observation, she also thinks that she looks good. Then the question is, why does Shi look good? Dong Shi is a good girl who is good at thinking. Although she is a little stupid, she is stupid because she comes to the conclusion that the teacher looks good because of her good movements. What she doesn't know is that if a person is beautiful, he is good-looking anyway, so is wearing a sack.
Dong Shi thinks she has discovered the mystery of beauty. She wants to be a beautiful woman, so she learns from Shi. How to learn? When she was walking on the road, she imitated Shi's posture and covered her chest. The subtext is, oh, my pain, pain, pain Do you think I'm beautiful? What she doesn't know is that frowning is just a patent of beauty. She was plain-looking, and then she acted like an enemy, which really scared people to death. As a result, the child saw her and called her ugly.
This fable tells us that people are different and we can't lose ourselves.
The story of Zhuangzi's funeral
In Zhuangzi's life, the only confidant was Keiko. Keiko, as his good friend, the general way of communication between them is to argue. They quarreled many times because of a problem, but their friendship was also established because of debate and discussion.
Keiko always appears in time when Zhuangzi is confused, helping Zhuangzi to analyze and discuss. So Zhuangzi regards Keiko as a very important person in life, and this friendship even goes beyond his love for his wife.
After Zhuangzi's good friend Keiko passed away, Zhuangzi went to the funeral with heartache.
When passing Keiko's cemetery, Zhuangzi suddenly turned around and said to the people who followed him, "I heard that a man put chalk mud on the tip of his nose, which is only the size of a mosquito's wing, and then asked his good friend, a craftsman, to cut off this small white spot with an axe. The craftsman waved his axe with great action, and inadvertently cut it to a small white spot, but the white mud on the tip of this person's nose was completely cut off and his nose was not injured at all. The people standing there as if nothing had happened don't take it seriously. When Song learned this, he called the craftsman and said, "Try it on me." . The stonemason said, "I did manage to cut off a small white spot on a person's nose." Although I know this technology, my partner has been dead for a long time, and I can't do it anymore! "
And I, since Keiko died, I have no rivals! You can listen to my target! Someone who can help me solve my difficulties! I have no more confidants to argue with! "
Zhuangzi was devastated. Zhuangzi's funeral is the most important persistence and belief in his life!