Mencius was born 479 years before Confucius died, about 100 years ago. The font size of Mencius was not recorded in the ancient books before the Han Dynasty, but after the Cao Wei Jin Dynasty, many different font sizes appeared, such as Ziche, Viscount, Yu Zi, etc. Later generations may attach them, but they may not be credible.
Mencius was a great thinker in the Warring States period and one of the main representatives of Confucianism. Mingke and Zou * * * are from Zoucheng City, Shandong Province. Born in the fourth year of the reign of Zhou, he died in the twenty-sixth year. According to legend, Mencius is a descendant of Lu nobles. He lost his father when he was a child, and his family was poor. He was a student of Zisi. After finishing his studies, he lobbied governors as scholars in an attempt to promote his own political opinions, and successively defected to Liang * * * Wei * * *, Qi, Song, Teng and Lu. At that time, several great powers devoted themselves to strengthening this rich country and striving for reunification through violent means. Mencius' theory of benevolent governance is considered to be "circuitous and broader than things" and has no chance to be implemented. Finally, he retired to give lectures, and together with his students, he "wrote a poem as a preface, wrote a book, expounded Zhong Ni's meaning, and wrote seven pieces of Mencius".
The highest category of Mencius' philosophical thought is heaven. Mencius inherited Confucius' thought of destiny, removed the residual meaning of personality god, and imagined heaven as a spiritual entity with moral attributes. He said: "Honest people, heaven is also." Mencius defined the moral concept of honesty as the essential attribute of heaven, and believed that heaven was the origin of the inherent moral concept of human nature. Mencius' ideological system, including his political thoughts and ethical thoughts, takes heaven as the category.
After Mencius was originally a "three-huan state of Lu", his father's surname was Ji and his mother's surname was Jie. When Mencius' distant ancestor was an aristocrat of Lu, his family came down and moved from Lu to Zou.
Mencius lost his father at the age of three, and Meng Mu raised him with great pains. Meng Mu is very strict. His stories such as "Meng Mu moved three times", "Meng Mu broke the weaving" and "Dare to marry a wife" have become timeless stories, which are models of mother education in later generations. Biography of Han Poetry contains stories such as Meng Mu's "Breaking Weaving", while Biography of Women contains stories such as Meng Mu's "Three Movements" and "Going to Qi".
According to Zhao Qi's Biography of Lienv and Mencius' copybook, Mencius was taught by Confucius' grandson Zisi. But in terms of age, it seems incredible. "Historical records. It is possible that the Biography of Mencius and Xunqing said that he was "an educated man". There is a saying that Mencius visited Confucius' grandson Zisi when he was fifteen or sixteen, but according to historical research, Zisi had been dead for thirty years when Mencius was born. Therefore, according to the Records of Historical Records, it is more credible to say that he is a master of Zisi. Even Mencius himself once said, "Don't be a disciple of Confucius, you can only be a private scholar." * * * Mencius under Li Lou * * * Whether or not he was influenced by Zi Si, Mencius' theory was indeed influenced by Zi Si. Therefore, Xunzi listed Zisi and Mencius as one school, that is, the Meng Si School of Confucianism in later generations. * * * After the death of Confucius, Confucianism was divided into eight factions * * *
Mencius event table
King Lie of Zhou died in 4 BC * * * 372 * * *
Mencius was probably born at this time.
Zhou Xianwang 12 Wei Huiwang 13 Han Zhaohou 6 years Jiazi * * * 357 BC * *.
Mencius was about fifteen years old and was a disciple of Zisi.
Zhou Xianwang 17 Qin Xiaogong 10 has been * * * in 352 BC.
Mencius is about twenty years old and wants to divorce his wife.
King Xian of Zhou was ugly in 37 years * * * in 332 BC * * *
Mencius is in Zou, answering Zou Mugong's question.
In the thirty-eighth year of Zhou Xianwang, Geng Yin * * * BC 33 1 year * * *
Mencius lived in Pinglu.
In the thirty-ninth year of Zhou Xianwang, Xinmao * * * 330 BC * * Mencius' famous saying.
Mencius came to China and visited Renji.
Mencius was in Zou, answering with Wu Luzi and Cao.
Zhou Xianwang 40 years Qi Weiwang 28 years Renchen 329 BC * * *
Mencius was about forty-three years old and came here for the first time.
Zi Chu, King of Qixiang, came to see Mencius.
4 1 year 30 years Song 1 year Sister-in-law * * * 328 BC * * * Mencius and the debate.
Mencius advised the King of Qi to remonstrate with him.
Mencius and Zhang Kuang made friends.
Mencius left Qi State for Song State.
In the forty-second year of Zhou Xianwang, in the second year of Song and Wu Jia, * * * in 327 BC.
Mencius to Song Dynasty
In forty-three years, Song died in the late Yuan Dynasty, in 326 BC, * * *.
Mencius met Prince Tengguo in the Song Dynasty.
Mencius on the Lobbying Road and Gou Jian in Song Dynasty
In 44 years after Yuan Dynasty and 4 years after Song Dynasty, Qin Dynasty 13 years, Bingshen * * * 325 BC * * *
Mencius left Song State and returned to Zou.
Forty-five years of Heliang, 1 1 year, and 324 * * BC.
Mencius was in Zou and sent a friend to ask about the funeral.
Zou Zhiteng's Mencius is benevolent.
Zhou Xianwang, the hometown of Mencius in Zoucheng, Shandong Province, 46 years after Wei Huiwang 12 years after Qi Weiwang, 34 years after the Reform Movement * * * 323 BC * * *
Mencius debated with farmer Chen Xiang.
Shen Zhou 1 year Wei 15 years 37 years * * * 320 BC * * *
Liang's "rich wealth and low gifts" calls for talented people.
Mencius was about fifty-two years old when he met Liang.
Mencius and Zhou Xiao's Theory of Being an Official
Shen Zhou 2 years yuan 16 1 year Renyin * * BC 3 19 * * year.
Mencius and Gongsun Chou on short mourning.
Shen Zhou Liang Wang 3 years Wei Xiangwang 1 year Qi Xuanwang 2 years Guimao * * BC 3 18 * *.
Mencius was about fifty-four years old and saw King Liang Xiang.
Mencius met the King of Qi in Fan.
Mencius came to Qi and answered questions.
Mencius' theory of "forty without being tempted"
Shen Zhou 5 years Wei 5 years Israel * * * BC 3 16 years * * *
Mencius went out to hang Teng Wengong.
Shen Zhou 6 years 14 years 10 5 years * * 3 BC15 years * *.
Lu wants to see Mencius' tomb, see Mencius return to Qi, and discuss the burial of his mother.
Qi Xuanwang asked Mencius to be strict.
In Zhou Nanwang, 3 years, 8 years, 17 years * * 3 years BC12 years * * Yan people rebelled against Qi and said, "I am ashamed of Mencius."
Mencius' theory of "I take you as my enemy"
Mencius and Chunyu Kun argued endlessly.
Mencius was about sixty years old and resigned from Qi.
Mencius met the Song Dynasty and the autumn.
Zhou Nanwang 25 years xinmao * * * 290 BC * * *
Mencius was compiled at this time.
In 26 years, Zhou Nanwang was appointed as Shen * * * BC 2 * * *.
Meng Ziyue died at this time.