The monarch is the master of all things in the world, and because he is the master of all things in the world, his responsibility is great. If people's livelihood is not handled properly, it is that the monarch has not taken responsibility.
Therefore, officials should try their best to serve the monarch, be loyal to their duties and speak freely. The courtiers did their duty, and so did the monarch.
Needless to say, those who have tried to please, please, and not let the monarch hear the actual situation. An alarmist may say: a gentleman talks but doesn't do it. Even if you meet a wise monarch, you are often prepared for danger in times of peace and worry when the politics is clear. I'm afraid it will confuse people's thinking and direction.
This statement is not in line with the present situation! I am grateful to my country, and I would rather openly oppose it than lie. Good is good, bad is bad, and I dare not hide anything. I don't want to please the above, and I don't care about gains and losses. Today, I will tell you a few words from my heart.
Jia Yi, a famous minister in the Han Dynasty, once said to Emperor Wen: "The following people always say that the world has been ruled, but I don't think so. Those who say that the world has been ruled are either ignorant or flattering. "
Emperor Wendi was a saint in the Han Dynasty, and Jia Yi didn't ask much of him. Emperor Wendi's quality and style are good. He has the virtue of loving the people, being kind and thrifty, and being calm and humble. But the disadvantage is that he lingers in his mysterious old age and doesn't specialize in government affairs. Many government affairs have been delayed and not done well.
If the liegeman can't see these ills and blindly thinks that the world has been cured, this is ignorance. If I can't see that Wendi's talent is limited after all, it is flattering to praise him blindly if he has been cured.
How does your majesty compare himself with Emperor Wen? Your majesty is brilliant and resourceful, and has the potential to become a king like Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen and Wu. Your Majesty worked as hard as Emperor Gaozu Xuan Di, as generous as Emperor Guangwu, as invincible as Emperor Taizong, and as able to quell the rebellion in various buffer regions as Tang Xianzong. Your Majesty has the virtue of benevolence and forgiveness in Song Renzong. In short, you have all these desirable advantages, no matter which one. In the first few years of your accession to the throne, you should eradicate the accumulated disadvantages, clearly declare that you should innovate political affairs with the people of the whole country.
Let's take an example: you wrote a "Respect Proverbs" to advocate discipline; Changed some crown service systems, ordered the abolition of statues in Confucius temples, and only used wooden owners; Weakened the eunuch's internal and external rights; Yuan Shizu was removed from the memorial tablet enshrined in the imperial temples of past dynasties; Sacrifice Confucius' parents in Confucius Temple. At that time, everyone in the world was looking forward to it, thinking that you must do something.
Knowledgeable people think that with the help of good courtiers, it won't be long before the world is at peace. You must be much better than Wendi in China. However, Emperor Wen can carry forward the nature of benevolence and forgiveness, be thrifty and show compassion for the people. Lv Zuqian of the Song Dynasty said that he was good at employing people and could do his best.
Although the world at that time could not be said to have been rectified, the national treasury was full, even the strings of money were rotten, and the people were happy and rich. It is recognized that he is a saint after Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
Your majesty, you made up your mind to do one thing, but it didn't take long for you to be led to other places by messy ideas. You use your strength and wisdom in the wrong place, thinking that people can really live forever, but you practice blindly.
Your majesty is rich all over the world, but he doesn't know it is the essence of the people. He often builds buildings and refurbishes palaces and temples. Your majesty's failure to go to court to handle government affairs for more than 20 years has led to lax discipline and corruption.
The imperial court sold officials and bought officials, and abused this constitution more and more, euphemistically calling it an example of promotion, which led to the proliferation of dignitaries and dignitaries. You are devoted to alchemy with the alchemist and don't meet your son. People think you lack the affection between father and son.
You often insult your deputy with suspicion and slander. People think you lack the courtesy of monarchs and ministers. You stay in Xiyuan all day and don't go back to the palace. People think there is a lack of marriage and love.
Officials in the world are corrupt, the army is weak, floods and droughts occur from time to time, and the people are in dire straits, leading to refugee riots, which are in full swing and intensified. Your majesty has been like this for several years, but it is not serious. But now the tax corvee is getting heavier and heavier, and officials at all levels follow the example of the imperial court and excessively exploit the people.
Your majesty has spent a lot of money to worship Taoism, which has been done to the extreme for more than ten years. Therefore, your Majesty changed the yuan number, and everyone in the world speculated that this was "Jia Jing said that every family was clean and had no money." Recently, Yan Song went on strike and Yan Shifan was sentenced to death, which was barely satisfactory. There was a time when it was said that the world was cold.
However, the politics after Yan Song's withdrawal is similar to that before he became prime minister, and it may not be clear. Your Majesty is a far cry from Emperor China.
People all over the world have been dissatisfied with you for a long time, and officials and workers at home and abroad know it. In the Book of Songs, it is said that "the clock can make up for the mistakes in the post", which means that the clock can not fully perform its duties, and the clock can remedy it from the side.
Today, your ministers have the responsibility to help and correct mistakes and put everything on the right track. Sages are bound to make mistakes. Otherwise, in ancient times, it was enough to have an official, as long as he was an official. There is no need to ask them for advice, and there is no need to set up an admonition officer, not to mention the words of wooden rope and gold.
Your majesty built a palace and an altar to pray for blessings, so that the ministers competed to offer incense and fairy medicine of Xiantao, and invited hundreds of officials to sit at the table to congratulate. Your majesty wants to build a palace, and the Ministry of Industry tries its best to operate it; If your majesty wants to find incense and treasure, the housing department will send people everywhere to ask for it.
What your majesty did was wrong, and the obedience of ministers was meaningless, but no one spoke for your majesty. The practice of openly discussing right and wrong, contributing good words and preventing evil has not been heard for a long time, and the atmosphere of flattery is too strong.
However, people dare not speak out, but they can't help feeling ashamed and angry. They dare not say it to their face, but they talk about right and wrong behind their backs. People obey your majesty on the surface, but they hide their true feelings. How much is it to praise your majesty? .
2. Harry's classical Chinese translation Harry, the word Yuxian, is from Qiongshan.
Zhongjuren. Acting as an agent in Nanping County, popularizing the primary examination methods hosted by local authorities in the imperial examination system of Ming and Qing Dynasties, including sub-examination, academy examination, year-old examination, science examination and other steps.
During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the Party was more complete. Children's quiz, also known as question and answer, is presided over by governors of prefectures and counties to select local children.
The exam is divided into four times. In the first and second sessions, try one article and one poem; in the third session, try one poem or one strategy and one theory; in the fourth session, try three or four arts. The candidates will be eliminated one by one, and the final roster of young students will be sent to the Confucianism Department of the county, and then sent to the inspector college, and the college exam will be held when the inspector messenger (also known as academic politics) sent by the central government comes to supervise.
I am trying two essays and a poem. I tried an essay and a poem in the second interview. I wrote hundreds of crosses in the "extensive instructions of the Oracle" according to my memory. Those who are admitted become students of local county schools (state schools or official schools), and those who are beginners are called attached students, and gradually become augmented students and catering students. They are collectively called scholars.
Every year, students who enroll students, enter the school and take part in the exam presided over by the school administration, which is called the annual exam. If you fail to take the exam for some reason, you must make up the exam. When taking the exam, try to take the four books "University", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius" as the first text, and the five classics "Yi", "Shi", "Li" and "Chunqiu" as the first text, with five words and six rhymes.
According to the writing quality of candidates, it is divided into one, two and three grades. The students who won the first place in the exam are not the students who were originally extended education and the students attached to the middle school. Students can make-up exams after the second interview, and they get four taels of silver every year. Try to use four books and one poem in the second interview, with five words and eight rhymes.
At that time, there was a "three-year competition" system, that is, a set of bottom-up examination steps were held every three years. Provincial examinations are held every autumn afternoon, noon and the end of the year, and examinations are held every spring morning, evening, ugliness and childhood. The year before the departure, the inspector held a series of scientific examinations, the order of which was the first day and the second time, which was the same as the New Year's examination.
The next day, I tried to add, add and attach four books, one article and one strategy, and a poem with five words and eight rhymes. On the third day, try the boys, just like the annual exam.
On the fourth day, I passed the exam. On the fifth day, I got a first-class student in the second interview.
On the sixth day, I was admitted to the second interview. On the seventh day, Gong Sheng, who has left school, does not need to take the exam, but those who want to take the provincial exam must take the subject one exam.
In science examination, except for children's examination, all students who take the first, second or third place are eligible to take the provincial examination next year. Children's exams, college exams, New Year's exams, science exams, etc. They are only the primary stage of the imperial examination, and then the provincial examination, the general examination and palace examination are the correct ways to select candidates for the imperial examination.
If you don't know, you can go to Ji Lianhai lecture hall to talk about Ji Xiaolan, which is in the vernacular.
3. "Anecdotes of Hai Rui" explains Hai Rui in classical Chinese, whose name is like Xian and Qiongshan (now Hainan).
I won an award after taking the township examination. When I entered the capital, I played Li Pingce and suggested setting up a county government in Hainan to educate my hometown.
Everyone who knows about it thinks he is ambitious. The court appointed him as an official of Nanping.
At that time, when Yu (official name) went to an institution of higher learning, all subordinate officials had to kneel down to avoid seeing him. Only Harry made a long bow (in a salute gesture, making a fist bow) and said, "It's a courtesy of subordinates to see adults again in Shiyu Palace. This is a school. Teachers teach students to read and should not kneel. " Changed to Chun 'an County.
Wear a cloth robe, eat rough rice, let the old servant grow vegetables and be self-sufficient. Hu Zongxian, the governor (official name), once said to someone, "Yesterday I heard that Hai Xian ordered me to give my mother a birthday and bought two pounds of meat."
Hu Zongxian's second son passed through Chun 'an County and was annoyed by the officials of the posthouse and hung upside down. Harry said: "In the past, under the management of Lord Hu, local officials told them not to be extravagant when passing by.
Now this man has a lot of luggage and equipment, so he is definitely not Hu Gongzi. "He was fined thousands of taels of silver, all of which were collected into the state treasury. He sent someone on horseback to tell Hu Zongxian that Hu Zongxian could not accept him.
Du (official name) passed through Chun 'an County, and Harry treated them badly, saying that Chun 'an County was too small to have horses and chariots. I am very angry.
However, I have always heard about Harry's reputation, so I have to restrain myself and leave.
4. Honest official Hai Rui explained the original text in classical Chinese.
The method of water control can neither stick to the rules, mud and sand, nor "pretend" to believe people's words. There are high and low levels of land cover, rapids, shallow and deep reservoirs and twists and turns. We should not only know the situation, but also ask for advice, and we should not be poor, so we should do our best and die. In the past, Jiezhi River in the sea, put on robes, wind and rain. He sends money and vegetables to his relatives without deducting a penny, but he never asks for a penny as an official. This must be the case \ before things can be done. For example, "love leisure and hate labor, forget justice for profit, and avoid resentment if it is too far away, then nothing can be done", and water conservancy is not prosperous.
Translation:
The way to control water can neither be stubborn nor inflexible, stick to ancient laws and regulations, nor believe what others say at will. The reason is that the terrain is high and low, the water is slow and fast, the pond is shallow and deep, and the river is curved and straight. Without observation and measurement, it is impossible to know its true situation, and without interview and soliciting opinions, it is impossible to thoroughly understand its situation. Therefore, we must be able to climb mountains and wade in person, not afraid of hardship.
In the past, when Hai Rui (Jie in the Sea) was managing the river, he wore light clothes, braved the wind and rain, shuttled back and forth between deserted villages, personally distributed money and food to workers and people, without deducting a penny, and the accompanying attendants never extorted a penny. Only in this way can things succeed. If you love ease and fear hard work, only care about self-interest and forget justice, and avoid suspicion and resentment, then things can't be done and water conservancy can't be done well.
5. The classical Chinese "Harry Zheng Gang" Harry is from Ruxian County and Qiongshan Mountain. After having obtained the provincial examination, it was the Nanping Academic Affairs Office. Moved to Chun 'an County. Cloth robes and millet, so that the old servant can be self-sufficient in arts and vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian said, "Yesterday I heard that Harry was my mother's birthday, and the city weighed two Jin." Zong Xianzi crossed Chun 'an, angered the postal clerk and hung upside down. Rui Ri: "I want to make sure that Gong Hu does what he wants, so there will be no confession. Now that his clothes are full, it must not be Hu Gongzi. " Thousands of dollars have been paid and the money has been collected. If you sue Zong Xian, Zong Xian is innocent.
Harry's name is Ruxian, and he comes from Qiongshan County, Hainan Island. He took the rural examination and got in. Acting for Nanping Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Later, he was promoted to Chun 'an county magistrate. Every day Harry wears cloth and eats coarse grains, and lets the old servant grow his own vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian once told others: "Yesterday I heard that Harry only bought two pounds of meat for his mother's birthday." When Zongxian's son passed through Chun 'an, he was angry with the official history of the post office and hung the official upside down. Harry said, "In the past, Gong Hu visited all the places that belonged to him, and ordered him not to provide furniture and entertainment where he passed. Now it seems that this person has a lot of luggage and is definitely not Hu Gongzi. " So he opened the man's bag, took out thousands of dollars, put them in the vault, and sent someone to drive the horse to report to Hu Zongxian. Zong Xian has no reason to punish DaiVi Yu.
6. Ask Harry for a translation of classical Chinese. Dear landlord: The original text is Harry, and his name is Ruxian, a native of Qiongshan.
The official of Nanping, imperial academy, was a humble minister, and Rui Duchang bowed and said, "The Taiwan bow should be regarded as a gift, the headquarters hall, the teacher, and there is no injustice." Moved to Chun 'an County.
Cloth robes and millet, so that the old servant can be self-sufficient in arts and vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian said to the speaker, "I heard that Hailing was my mother's birthday yesterday, and the city weighed two Jin."
Zong Xianzi crossed Chun 'an, angered the postal clerk and hung upside down. Rui said, "Teach me to do as I say, but don't confess.
It's crowded today. It can't be Hu Gongzi. "Thousands of gold to send, the library, sued ZongXian, ZongXian not guilty.
Harry's name is Ruxian, and he is from Qiongshan. Zhongjuren.
Yushi went to Gong Xue as the agent of Nanping County, and all subordinate officials reported their names on the ground. Harry bowed alone and said, "Go to the yamen where Yushi is located to be a subordinate etiquette. This school is a place where teachers educate students and should not bow down. " Moved to Chun 'an County, wore a cloth robe, ate coarse grains and brown rice, and let the old servant grow his own vegetables.
Governor Hu Zongxian once told others: "Yesterday I heard that Hai Xian asked me to give my mother a birthday, so I bought two pounds of meat." Hu Zongxian's son passed by Chun 'an County, furious with the postman and hung the postman upside down.
Harry said: "In the past, the governor inspected the patrol department and ordered that supplies should not be too extravagant. Since this man is dressed so well, he must not be Gong Hu's son. "
Open the bag with thousands of two hundred gold, income to the county library, sent a horse to report to Hu Zongxian, Hu Zongxian was not punished. I wish you a promotion step by step and look forward to your adoption. Thank you.
7. Ask Harry to translate classical Chinese. Dear landlord:
The original Hairui, the word Ruxian, is from Qiongshan. The official of Nanping, imperial academy, was a humble minister, and Rui Duchang bowed and said, "The Taiwan bow should be regarded as a gift, the headquarters hall, the teacher, and there is no injustice." Moved to Chun 'an County. Cloth robes and millet, so that the old servant can be self-sufficient in arts and vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian said to the speaker, "I heard that Hailing was my mother's birthday yesterday, and the city weighed two Jin." Zong Xianzi crossed Chun 'an, angered the postal clerk and hung upside down. Rui said, "Teach me to do as I say, but don't confess. Now that his clothes are full, it must not be Hu Gongzi. " Thousands of dollars have been paid and the money has been collected. If you sue Zong Xian, Zong Xian is innocent.
Harry's name is Ruxian, and he is from Qiongshan. Zhongjuren. Yushi went to Gong Xue as the agent of Nanping County, and all subordinate officials reported their names on the ground. Harry bowed alone and said, "Go to the yamen where Yushi is located to be a subordinate etiquette. This school is a place where teachers educate students and should not bow down. " Moved to Chun 'an County, wore a cloth robe, ate coarse grains and brown rice, and let the old servant grow his own vegetables. Governor Hu Zongxian once told others: "Yesterday I heard that Hai Xian asked me to give my mother a birthday, so I bought two pounds of meat." Hu Zongxian's son passed by Chun 'an County, furious with the postman and hung the postman upside down. Harry said: "In the past, the governor inspected the patrol department and ordered that supplies should not be too extravagant. Since this man is dressed so well, he must not be Gong Hu's son. " Open the bag with thousands of two hundred gold, income to the county library, sent a horse to report to Hu Zongxian, Hu Zongxian was not punished.
I wish you a promotion step by step.
I look forward to your adoption. Thank you.
8. Translation of Classical Chinese "Hai Rui Shang Shu" Modern translation of public security books
Hai Rui, director of the Yunnan Qing court, played here: In order to correct the monarch's way, clarify the duties of the lieutenants, and realize the eternal public security, I want to tell the truth that the world is the best.
The monarch is the master of all things in the world, and because he is the master of all things in the world, his responsibility is great. If people's livelihood is not handled properly, it is that the monarch has not taken responsibility. Therefore, officials should try their best to serve the monarch, be loyal to their duties and speak freely. The courtiers did their duty, and so did the monarch. Needless to say, those who have tried to please, please, and not let the monarch hear the actual situation.
An alarmist may say: a gentleman talks but doesn't do it. Even if you meet a wise monarch, you are often prepared for danger in times of peace and worry when the politics is clear. I'm afraid it will confuse people's thinking and direction.
This statement is not in line with the present situation!
I am grateful to my country, and I would rather openly oppose it than lie. Good is good, bad is bad, and I dare not hide anything. I don't want to please the above, and I don't care about gains and losses. Today, I will tell you a few words from my heart.
Jia Yi, a famous minister in the Han Dynasty, once said to Emperor Wen: "The following people always say that the world has been ruled, but I don't think so. Those who say that the world has been ruled are either ignorant or flattering. " Emperor Wendi was a saint in the Han Dynasty, and Jia Yi didn't ask much of him. Emperor Wendi's quality and style are good. He has the virtue of loving the people, being kind and thrifty, and being calm and humble. But the disadvantage is that he lingers in his mysterious old age and doesn't specialize in government affairs. Many government affairs have been delayed and not done well. If the liegeman can't see these ills and blindly thinks that the world has been cured, this is ignorance. If I can't see that Wendi's talent is limited after all, it is flattering to praise him blindly if he has been cured.
How does your majesty compare himself with Emperor Wen? Your majesty is brilliant and resourceful, and has the potential to become a king like Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen and Wu. Your Majesty worked as hard as Emperor Gaozu Xuan Di, as generous as Emperor Guangwu, as invincible as Emperor Taizong, and as able to quell the rebellion in various buffer regions as Tang Xianzong. Your Majesty has the virtue of benevolence and forgiveness in Song Renzong. In short, you have all these desirable advantages, no matter which one. In the first few years of your accession to the throne, you should eradicate the accumulated disadvantages, clearly declare that you should innovate political affairs with the people of the whole country. Let's take an example: you wrote a "Respect Proverbs" to advocate discipline; Changed some crown service systems, ordered the abolition of statues in Confucius temples, and only used wooden owners; Weakened the eunuch's internal and external rights; Yuan Shizu was removed from the memorial tablet enshrined in the imperial temples of past dynasties; Sacrifice Confucius' parents in Confucius Temple. At that time, everyone in the world was looking forward to it, thinking that you must do something. Knowledgeable people think that with the help of good courtiers, it won't be long before the world is at peace. You must be much better than Wendi in China. However, Emperor Wen can carry forward the nature of benevolence and forgiveness, be thrifty and show compassion for the people. Lv Zuqian of the Song Dynasty said that he was good at employing people and could do his best. Although the world at that time could not be said to have been rectified, the national treasury was full, even the strings of money were rotten, and the people were happy and rich. It is recognized that he is a saint after Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
Your majesty, you made up your mind to do one thing, but it didn't take long for you to be led to other places by messy ideas. You use your strength and wisdom in the wrong place, thinking that people can really live forever, but you practice blindly. Your majesty is rich all over the world, but he doesn't know it is the essence of the people. He often builds buildings and refurbishes palaces and temples. Your majesty's failure to go to court to handle government affairs for more than 20 years has led to lax discipline and corruption. The imperial court sold officials and bought officials, and abused this constitution more and more, euphemistically calling it an example of promotion, which led to the proliferation of dignitaries and dignitaries. You are devoted to alchemy with the alchemist and don't meet your son. People think you lack the affection between father and son. You often insult your deputy with suspicion and slander. People think you lack the courtesy of monarchs and ministers. You stay in Xiyuan all day and don't go back to the palace. People think there is a lack of marriage and love. Officials in the world are corrupt, the army is weak, floods and droughts occur from time to time, and the people are in dire straits, leading to refugee riots, which are in full swing and intensified. Your majesty has been like this for several years, but it is not serious. But now the tax corvee is getting heavier and heavier, and officials at all levels follow the example of the imperial court and excessively exploit the people. Your majesty has spent a lot of money to worship Taoism, which has been done to the extreme for more than ten years. Therefore, when your majesty changed the yuan number, everyone in the world speculated that this was "Jiajing said that every family was clean and had no money."
Recently, Yan Song went on strike and Yan Shifan was sentenced to death, which was barely satisfactory. There was a time when it was said that the world was cold. However, the politics after Yan Song's withdrawal is similar to that before he became prime minister, and it may not be clear. Your Majesty is a far cry from Emperor China. People all over the world have been dissatisfied with you for a long time, and officials and workers at home and abroad know it. In the Book of Songs, it is said that "the clock can make up for the mistakes in the post", which means that the clock can not fully perform its duties, and the clock can remedy it from the side. Today, it is your deputy's duty to help and correct mistakes and get everything on the right track. Sages are bound to make mistakes. Otherwise, in ancient times, it was enough to have an official, as long as he was an official. There is no need to ask them for advice, and there is no need to set up an admonition officer, not to mention wooden ropes and gold. Your majesty built a palace and an altar to pray for blessings, so that the ministers competed to offer incense and fairy medicine of Xiantao, and invited hundreds of officials to sit at the table to congratulate. Your majesty wants to build a palace, and the Ministry of Industry tries its best to operate it; If your majesty wants to find incense and treasure, the housing department will send people everywhere to ask for it. What your majesty did was wrong, and the obedience of ministers was meaningless, but no one spoke for your majesty. The practice of openly discussing right and wrong, contributing good words and preventing evil has not been heard for a long time, and the atmosphere of flattery is too strong. However, people dare not speak out, but they can't help feeling ashamed and angry. They dare not say it to their face, but they talk about right and wrong behind their backs. People obey your majesty on the surface, but they hide their true feelings. How much is it to praise your majesty?
9. "Anecdotes of Hai Rui" explained in classical Chinese that Hai Rui, whose real name is Ruxian, was born in Qiongshan (now Hainan), won the provincial examination and entered the capital, playing Li Pingce, and suggested setting up a county government in Hainan to educate his hometown. Anyone who knows this thinks he is ambitious and heroic. The court appointed him to Nanping as Oracle Bone Inscriptions (official name) and Yushi (official name) to be a college student. He said: "It is a courtesy of subordinates to see adults again in the palace. This is a school where teachers teach students to learn and should not kneel down. " He was appointed magistrate of Chun 'an County. He wore cloth and ate coarse grains, making the old servant grow vegetables and be self-sufficient. Governor (official name) Hu Zongxian once said to someone, "Yesterday I heard that Hai Xian ordered his mother to celebrate her birthday and bought two pounds of meat." Hu Zongxian's second son passed through Chun 'an County. Hanging officials upside down. Harry said: "In the past, when Mr. Hu was in charge of his subordinates, local officials told them not to waste money when passing by. Now this person has a lot of luggage and equipment, and it must not be Hu Gongzi. " He was fined several thousand taels of silver, put in the official treasury, and sent someone to ride a horse to tell Hu Zongxian that Hu Zongxian could not punish him. All the officials (official names) pass through Chun 'an County.