Ten famous sentences in classical Chinese from Sima Qian
1. Never forgetting the past is the guide for the future.
Annotations are selected from "Historical Records of the First Emperor of Qin" .
Translation: Learning from past experiences and lessons can be used as a reference for the future.
Appreciation: Treating past gains and losses as a reference for the future, that is, looking back on the past to encourage the future. Some Some people regret their past mistakes and show off their past successes. However, if they are only immersed in regrets and showing off without realizing that the past will repeat itself or that success will not come back in the future, it will not be helpful to the success of the future career. Therefore. We must learn from past successful experiences and lessons from failures to prevent mistakes from happening again in the future. It is beneficial not to repeat the same mistakes of the past. In this regard, our predecessors have summed up extremely valuable experience for us. .
2. Xiang Zhuang's sword dance was intended for Pei Gong.
Note: Selected from "Historical Records of Xiang Yu". Meaning: intention.
Translation: Xiang The purpose of Zhuang's sword dance was to assassinate Liu Bang.
Appreciation: "Historical Records" records that Liu Bang went to Hongmen to meet Xiang Yu, Xiang Yu invited him to have a banquet, and counselor Fan Zeng asked Xiang Zhuang to dance with his sword in the name of entertainment. , preparing to take the opportunity to kill Liu Bang, Liu Bang's counselor Zhang Liang said to Fan Kuai: "Now Xiangzhuang is dancing with the sword, and his intention is always with Pei Gong." After that, it is used as a metaphor for speaking or actions. Although they have other names on the surface, they actually want to take advantage of the opportunity. Harmful to others.
3. If the family is poor, one will miss a good wife; if the country is in chaos, one will miss a good husband.
For the annotation, select "Historical Records of the Wei Family". Si: longing, longing. Chaos: chaos, turmoil .
Translation: A poor family will yearn for a virtuous wife, and a country in turmoil will yearn for a talented prime minister.
Appreciation: When Wei Wen was candidate for prime minister, there were two candidates, one was Wei Chengzi , and the other was Zhai Huang. Wei Wenhou didn't know who to choose and was hesitant, so he went to ask Li Ke for his opinion. Li Ke said: "In normal times, examine the people he is close to, and when he is rich, examine the people he associates with. When you are an official, consider the people he recommends, when you are poor, look at what he does not do, and when you are poor, look at what he does not want." Here, Li Ke raised the question of how to identify and select talents. That is, it is important to look at a person's moral character. It depends on how he behaves when faced with poverty and wealth, lowliness and prosperity, rather than listening to his boasting. Only those who are consistent in words and deeds, and consistent in appearance and appearance, can be called a gentleman. Only in this way can you take on the responsibility of helping others in danger. , the important task of sorting out chaos and establishing governance.
4. Wash hair three times once, eat and spit food three times after one meal.
The annotation is selected from "Historical Records: The Family of Duke Lu of Zhou". Mu: wash your hair. Fa. Spit out food: spit out food eaten in the mouth.
Translation: wash your head once and lift your hair three times, and spit out the food in your mouth three times after eating a meal, in order to receive guests.
Appreciation Zhou Gong warned Bo Qin: I am the son of King Wen, the brother of King Wu, and the uncle of King Cheng. In terms of status, I am not lowly in the world. However, I still "wash my hair three times, and spit out my food three times." , got up frequently to receive visitors, for fear of losing talented people in the world. It shows that Duke Zhou knows how to respect talents, treats scholars sincerely and attaches great importance to people. It also shows that talents are extremely important to governing the country and bringing peace to the world.
5. If the warehouse is real, you will know the etiquette; if you have enough food and clothing, you will know the honor and disgrace.
Notes
Selected from "Historical Records of Guanyan Biography". Canglin: warehouse. Reality: enrichment. Honor and disgrace: glory and shame.
Translation
If the warehouses are abundant, the people will know etiquette; if food and clothing are abundant, the people will know honor and shame.
Appreciation
Guan Zhong served as After Prime Minister Qi took charge of government affairs, he shared the likes and dislikes of the people, circulated goods, and accumulated assets, making Qi State quickly embark on the road of becoming rich and powerful. Guan Zhong said that "the warehouses are solid and you know the etiquette, and the food and clothing are enough, you know the honor and disgrace" has also become the Qi State The guiding ideology of seeking wealth through self-improvement. When the people live a prosperous life and the treasury is full of wealth, etiquette can be carried forward and government orders can be carried out smoothly. Guan Zhong grasped the fundamentals of governing the country. After many years of governance, the state of Qi gradually became strong and prosperous, becoming the first in the Spring and Autumn Period. Hegemony, there are also Qi in history
Duke Huan "records that the nine princes combined together to conquer the world".
13. A scholar will die for a confidant, and a woman will be honored for a confidant.
The annotation is selected from "Historical Records of Assassins". Shi: A general term for a man. Bosom friend: a person who understands him or her, a good friend. Said: to be pleased with, to make one happy, to like one. Appearance: to decorate oneself.
Translation: A real man is willing to go to those who understand and appreciate him. After death, beautiful women are willing to beautify their appearance for those who admire them.
Appreciation of Jin Dynasty Yu Rang once served Fan Zhongxing's family, but was not reused, and later became Zhibo's retainer, Zhibo respected him very much. Later Zhibo respected him. When his uncle was killed by Zhao Xiangzi, Yu Rang swore: "A scholar will die for the one who knows him." So he changed his name, disguised himself, and assassinated Zhao Xiangzi many times, but failed to commit suicide. This famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages reveals a kind of human being. The common mentality of repaying a favor.
15. A loving mother has a failed son, but the Yan family has no Gelu.
The annotation is selected from "Historical Records of Li Si". Gelu: Tricky and unruly. Fierce servants.
Translation: A loving mother has a prodigal child, and there are no cunning and fierce servants in a strict family.
Appreciation This is Li Si's story after the peasant uprising broke out in the late Qin Dynasty. , a memorial dedicated to catering to Qin II’s cruelty and greed. It is also a sign of the decline of the theory of fortune pursued by Li Si. He borrowed the phrase “A loving mother has a spoiled son, but the Yan family has no unruly children” to persuade Qin II He believed that the reason why a wise monarch is wise is that he can strictly investigate minor crimes, so that his subjects will not dare to break the law. This idea is an inevitable product of the politics of fortune, and it marks the evolution of the doctrine of fortune from The progressive idea of ??enriching the country and strengthening the army turned into a reactionary argument that promoted the demise of Qin. It did not play any positive progressive role at the turning point of history. Comparing it with the "Book of Remonstrance and Expulsion of Guests", the same Li Si made judgments before and after. If two people. However, under the feudal autocratic system, even if there are wise emperors who do not become thieves of the people, there is no emperor who is not a single husband. How to deal with the relationship between monarch and minister, the relationship between the master and the people is a knowledge that emperors of all dynasties must be proficient in, otherwise It would jeopardize the emperor's dignity, power, interests and absolute rule. Therefore, Li Si's advice to persuade Qin II to strictly enforce harsh governance had a significant impact on all dynasties. Reading it today is a rare piece of information about the politics of the Qin Dynasty, not only for those in the world. He is self-confessing, and he is also reading a rare textbook in the entire feudal society. If he does not hold a critical attitude, he will go astray.
16. A wise man will make a mistake after thinking a lot; a fool will gain something after thinking a lot. .
Annotations are selected from "Historical Records of the Marquis of Huaiyin". Zhi: smart, wise. Consider: thinking, planning. Fool: stupid, ignorant. Get: get, get.
Translation A wise person will always make a mistake in thousands of considerations; a stupid person will always gain something in the last consideration.
Appreciation of these idioms contains a simple meaning. Dialectical thinking shows that everything is divided into two. A smart person cannot always be smart. He also makes mistakes. Only by treating the mistakes correctly can he minimize them. On the contrary, even a seemingly stupid person can make mistakes. When you are smart, as long as you study hard, you will gain something.
17. It is better to get Ji Buyi Nuo than to get a hundred catties of gold.
Annotations are selected from "Historical Records Ji Buluan" "Bu Lie Biography". Nuo: Promise, promise.
Getting a hundred catties of gold in translation is not as good as getting a promise from Ji Bu.
Appreciation This is a proverb circulated in the Chu region at that time. It is also a sincere admiration for Ji Bu’s chivalrous character of “Keeping his word, keeping his word, and being true to his promises. If he doesn’t love his bow, he will go into trouble as a soldier.” It shows that a man must mean what he says, keep his word, and say to himself Be brave and responsible for what you say. The idiom "a promise of a thousand pieces of gold" comes from this.
18. If a person is upright, he will not do what he is told; if he is not upright, he will not do what he is told.
Selected Notes From "The Biography of General Li in Historical Records". Shen: oneself, oneself. Zheng: decent, upright. Order: release orders. Xing: do, perform. Obey: obey, obey.
Translation in the upper position If a person himself behaves properly, even if he does not give orders, people will obey them. If someone in a superior position behaves improperly, even if he gives orders, people will not obey them.
Observe and practice.
Appreciation of this sentence comes from "The Analects of Confucius". Sima Qian quoted this sentence to praise General Li's character, saying that he was sincere and simple. Although he was not good at talking, when he died, the world Both those who knew him and those who did not knew him mourned him deeply. His character has indeed won the trust of the scholar-bureaucrats. This also illustrates the truth that as a ruler, you must set an example everywhere and set an example, rather than using your own words. Words should be used to inspire the world with one's own actions, and "what goes up and what follows" can make one's country prosper. Otherwise, "the upper beam is not straight and the lower beam is crooked", which will lead to the defeat of the country, the separation of people's hearts, and lead to social chaos and The emergence of a state of disorder.
19. When the birds are gone, the good bow is hidden. (The cunning rabbit dies, and the running dogs are cooked; the enemy country is destroyed, and the advisers perish.)
Annotations are selected from "Historical Records of the King of Yue" "The Goujian Family". Execution: Complete. Liang: Good, Excellent.
Translation: After the birds have been captured, a good bow will naturally be collected.
Appreciation of being favored by the master in good times, It often leads to disaster, so when a person is satisfied with his ambition and achieves fame, he should retreat bravely and give up when he sees good things. This is because "the person with great achievements will be in danger, and the person with fame all over the world will not be rewarded." "The bow will be broken when it is full, and the moon will be missing when it is full." ", "Wherever there is fame and fortune, it is safe to take a step back, but it is dangerous to just move forward." Zhang Liang, Fan Li and others retreated after their achievements, and they retreated bravely, which often made future generations sigh and admire them; while Li Si died for his contribution to the establishment of the Qin State. The cry of "how can you get it if you go out to reward Cai Dongmen and chase cunning rabbits?" It just illustrates the path of the saying "the higher you climb, the harder you fall". In fact, "lucky" people know very well that "good things come when they see you" They are willing to revise their strategies according to changes in the situation at any time in order to seize the opportunity and escape unscathed. However, some people who are "unlucky" in their careers are often self-willed and arrogant, and do not know when to change their strategies to reduce losses. In the end, they often end up with a ruined reputation.
20. When a bird is about to die, its song is sad; when a man is about to die, his words are also kind.
Annotation is selected from "Historical Records Funny" "Biography". Kindness: friendly, kind.
Translation: When a bird is about to die, its cry is sad; when a man is about to die, his words are also kind.
Appreciation of this famous saying that has been passed down through the ages is a penetrating insight summed up by the world after long-term observation of the human nature of birds. It shows that kindness is the original face of human beings. When people come to the end of their lives, they return to the realm of kindness. , always willing to dedicate his best things and leave good memories for people.
21. If you don’t make a sound, it will be a blockbuster.
Annotations are selected from "Historical Records of Funny Biographies" 》.
The translation is not just called, but once it is called, it will shock people.
Appreciate that King Qi Wei likes to use cryptic words, that is, words that do not directly state the matter but use other words to imply it. . Once Chunyu said to him in cryptic language: "There is a big bird in the country. It has stopped in the king's court. It has not flown or screamed for three years. What does the king know about this bird?" The king said: "This bird does not fly. It is gone. Once it flies, it soars into the sky. "If it doesn't sing, it will make a big splash." This bird is a metaphor for King Qi Wei. He uses the big bird to soar into the sky to describe that although he is silent for the time being, he is actually fully prepared and will be ready once he takes action. The ambitious move that shocked the world fully expressed King Qi Wei's lofty ambitions and ideals. Later historical facts also confirmed that King Qi Wei's self-explanatory image was accurate. Recommend some famous quotes from Sima Qian in classical Chinese
Famous quotes from Sima Qian in classical Chinese :
Never forget the past is the teacher of the future. : From "Historical Records: The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang".
Translation: Learn from past experiences and lessons, which can be used as a reference for the future.
Xiang Zhuang danced with his sword, aiming at Pei Gong. : From "Historical Records of Xiang Yu".
Translation: The purpose of Xiang Zhuang's sword dance is to assassinate Liu Bang.
One bath, three hairs, one meal, three vomits. : Selected from "Historical Records: The Family of Zhou Lugong".
Translation: Wash your head once and lift your hair three times, eat a meal and spit out the food in your mouth three times, in order to receive visitors.
If the family is poor, one will think of a good wife; if the country is in chaos, one will think of a good husband. : From: "Historical Records of the Wei Family".
Translation: A poor family will yearn for a virtuous wife; a country in turmoil will yearn for a talented prime minister.
A person who has enough food and clothing knows about honor and disgrace. : From "Historical Records: Biography of Guan Yan".
Translation: If the warehouses are abundant, the people will know etiquette; if food and clothing are abundant, the people will know honor and shame.
A scholar will die for a confidant, and a woman will tolerate a confidant. : From "Historical Records: Biographies of Assassins".
Translation: A man is willing to die for someone who understands and appreciates him, and a beautiful woman is willing to modify her appearance for someone who admires her.
The loving mother has a failed son, but the Yan family has no prisoners. : From "Historical Records: Biography of Li Si".
Translation: A loving mother has a prodigal child, and a strict family does not have a cunning and fierce slave.
A wise man will make a mistake after thinking a lot. A fool will surely gain something despite all his worries. : From "Historical Records: Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin".
Translation: A smart person will always make a mistake in a thousand considerations, and a stupid person will always make a gain in the last consideration.
His body is upright and he does not follow orders. His body is not upright, even though he does not obey orders. : From "Historical Records: Biography of General Li".
Translation: The person in power behaves well. Even if he does not give orders, people will obey them. People in higher positions do not behave properly, and even if they give orders, people will not obey them.
When a bird is about to die, its cry is mournful. When a person is about to die, his words are also good. : From "Historical Records: Funny Biographies".
Translation: When a bird is about to die, its cry is sad; when a man is about to die, his words are also kind. Sima Qian's translation of the classical Chinese text "Dragon City Flying General"
Original text:
Guang used the guards as generals and went out to Yanmen to attack the Xiongnu. The Huns had many soldiers, and they destroyed the Guang army and gave birth to Guang. Shanyu Su heard about Guang Xian and ordered him to say: "If you get Li Guang, he will be born." Hu rode Guang, and Guang was injured. After traveling for more than ten miles, Guang pretended to be dead. He looked at a Hu'er riding a good horse next to him. Guang temporarily climbed up on Hu'er's horse. He pushed the fallen boy, took his bow, whipped the horse south for dozens of miles, and recovered the rest of the army. Because of the introduction. The Huns' captors chased them with hundreds of horses. Guangxing took a Hu'er bow and shot the chasing horse to escape.
Translation:
Li Guang was transferred from Wang Wei to general. Send troops to Yanmen to attack the Xiongnu. The Huns had more soldiers and defeated Li Guang's troops and captured Li Guang alive. Shan Yu had always heard that Li Guang was a capable person and ordered, "Li Guang must be brought alive!" Li Guang was injured and fell ill at the time, so the Huns cavalry put Li Guang in a net bag between the two horses and lay down. After walking for more than ten miles, Li Guang pretended to be dead and saw a Hun boy riding a good horse next to him. Li Guang suddenly jumped on the Hun boy's horse, took advantage of the situation to push the Hun boy down, snatched his bow, and whipped the horse to Nanbin. After traveling dozens of miles, they met the remnants of his troops and led them into the pass. The Huns sent hundreds of cavalry to pursue him. Li Guang ran and took the bow of the Hun boy and shot the chasing cavalry, so he was able to escape. Use classical Chinese to describe Sima Qian's character
It should be this sentence: Upright and upright, leaving the righteousness in the sky and the Han Dynasty quiet and angry, writing a letter of history to shine on the world. In addition, Guo Moruo also wrote a poem: There is a beauty in Longmen, Zhong Yuren Zhonglong. His academic achievements were unprecedentedly rich, and his writings were unparalleled. Lian Cai bears the ax and axe, and exhales to make neon lights. Lu Xun, the Grand Historian of the Qing Dynasty, praised the historical records as "the swansong of the historian, the unrhymed Li Sao". Writing Sima Qian's autobiography in classical Chinese
Sima Qian: "Historical Records" Volume 130 Tai Shigong's Preface to the Seventy 》
…Tai Shigong studied Tianguan in the capital of Tang Dynasty, studied under Yi Yang He, and studied Taoism under Huang Zi. When Taishi was an official during the period of Jianyuan and Yuanfeng, he felt sorry for scholars who failed to achieve their goals and contradicted their teachers, so he discussed the key points of the Six Schools and said:
Yi Da Zhuan: "The world is unified and has hundreds of considerations. Returning to Shutu. "Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mohism, fame, law, and morality are all the things that govern people. They follow different paths, and they are not aware of their ears.
Taste the art of secretly observing yin and yang. It is auspicious and taboo, making people restrained and fearful. However, the great order of the four seasons cannot be missed. Confucian scholars are knowledgeable but have few important points, and work hard but have little merit, so it is difficult to follow them in everything. However, the etiquette of monarch, minister, father and son, and the distinction between husband and wife, elder and younger, cannot be easily changed. Mohist is frugal but difficult to follow, because his things cannot be followed everywhere; however, it is strong for this section and cannot be abolished. The Legalists are strict but merciless; however, the distinction between superior and inferior rulers and ministers cannot be changed. Famous people make people frugal and good, but they must be observed to correct their reputation. Taoism makes people's minds focused, moving and invisible, and supporting all things. It is a technique, due to the great harmony of yin and yang, picking up the goodness of Confucianism and Mohism, summarizing the key points of the law, moving with the times, adapting to the changes of things, setting things according to the customs, doing things according to the customs, everything is suitable, making appointments and easy to operate, doing less and achieving results. many. This is not the case with Confucians. It is believed that people are in charge of the appearance of the world. The leader advocates and the ministers are harmonious. The master takes the initiative and the ministers follow. In this way, the master will work and the minister will relax. As for the key to the great road, get rid of being strong and envious, and being smart, let go of these and let them practice skills. If the spirit of the husband is greatly used, it will be exhausted; if the body is overworked, it will be ruined. The body and soul are in turmoil, and they want to be with heaven and earth for a long time, which is unheard of.
How fearful". Spring brings birth and summer grows, autumn harvests and winter stores. This is the great scripture of the way of heaven. If it is not in accordance with the law, it will not be the order of the world. Therefore, it is said that "the great harmony of the four seasons cannot be lost."
The Confucians take the six-legged vine as their method. The Liupai Sutra has been passed down to tens of millions, but over the years I have been unable to master its knowledge, and at that time I was unable to study its etiquette, so it is said that "it is rich but few important things, and hard work but little merit". If a husband and his ministers follow the etiquette of father and son, and the distinction between the elder and the younger of the husband and wife, it cannot be changed by hundreds of families.
The Mohists also followed the principles of Yao and Shun, and spoke of their virtues: "The hall is three feet high, and the earth steps are three levels. The grass is not cut, and the rafters are not scraped. Eat the earth, gui, sip the earth, punish it, and use the beams. The food is quinoa soup. In summer, he wears grass clothes and in winter, he wears deer fur. "When he died, his coffin was three inches tall, and his voice could not express his sorrow. If you teach funeral rites, you must use this as a guideline for all people. If the world's laws were like this, there would be no distinction between superior and inferior. Life has changed, times have changed, and careers are not necessarily the same, so it is said to be "frugal but difficult to follow." It is important to emphasize the use of this section, so that people can give their families a sufficient way. Mozi's strengths cannot be eliminated by hundreds of schools of thought.
Legalists do not differentiate between relatives and distance, nor do they distinguish between high and low. Once the law is broken, the kindness of relatives and respect will be gone. It can be implemented as a temporary plan, but it cannot be used in the long term, so it is said to be "strict but less kind". If you respect your master and humble your ministers, and clearly understand the division of duties and do not overstep each other, even if a hundred schools of thought cannot change it.
Famous people are very careful and circumstantial, so that people cannot go against their will. They focus on fame and lose human feelings. Therefore, it is said that "it makes people frugal but good." If a husband controls his reputation and is responsible for his true duties, he will not miss his participation in the army. This cannot be ignored.
Taoism means doing nothing, or doing everything without doing anything. In fact, it is easy to practice, but its words are difficult to understand. Its technique is based on nothingness and uses conformity as its basis. It has no form and no permanent shape, so it can study the emotions of all things. It is neither the first nor the last thing, so it can be the master of all things. There is law and impossibility, because time is karma; there is no limit, and it is because of the combination of things. Therefore, it is said that "the saint is immortal and maintains the changes of time. The emptiness is the permanence of the Tao, and the reason is the principle of the king." All the ministers came together to make each of them understand. In fact, the one whose sound is correct is called Duan, and the one whose sound is not correct is called Xiu. If you don't listen to your words, there will be no adultery. If you are virtuous and unworthy, you will distinguish yourself. White and black are shapes. Use your ears wherever you want, and nothing will happen. Naihe Daodao, wandering around. Shining brightly in the world, he is unknown again and again. What a mortal is born of is a god, and what is entrusted to him is a form. If the spirit is greatly used, it will be exhausted; if the form is overworked, it will be ruined; if the form and spirit are separated, it will die. The dead cannot be resurrected, and the departed cannot be reincarnated, so saints attach great importance to it. From this point of view, spirit is the foundation of life, and form is the tool of life. Why do you say "I have a way to rule the world" without first defining its divine form? Classical Chinese translation. Sima Qian's "Historical Records - Book of Heavenly Officials"
Celestial bodies are executed, with minor changes occurring every thirty years, medium changes occurring every hundred years, and major changes occurring every five hundred years;
Major changes occur every three years It is one era, and all changes have been experienced in the three eras.
This is the general law of the execution of celestial bodies.
As a monarch of a country, he must pay attention to the two numbers three and five, which is based on the above reasons.
After a thousand years at the top and bottom, the relationship between heaven and man can be continued and complete.
Hello LZ, all the words are typed by hand. I hope you will adopt them. Thank you 1: This sentence comes from Sima Qian's " ".
What are the classical Chinese texts written by Sima Qian to report to An An?
The entire "Historical Records" includes the Twelve Chronicles (recording the achievements of emperors of the past dynasties), the Thirty Family (recording the vassal states and the princes of the Han Dynasty, The rise and fall of nobles and nobles), Seventy Biographies (recording the words and deeds of important figures, mainly describing people and ministers, the last one of which is a self-preface), Ten Tables (chronology of major events), Eight Books (recording various laws and regulations, etiquette, music, etc. Rhythm, calendar, astronomy, Zen, water conservancy, finance), ***130 articles, all in classical Chinese. He also has a famous "Book of Reporting to Ren An", which is a famous article in classical Chinese. Sima Qian's classical Chinese essay about adversity producing talents
This paragraph is required to be memorized
One sentence at a time, and you must memorize more than ten paragraphs.
Hope this helps.
In high school, you will learn this text "Report to Ren An"
King Wen acted in "The Book of Changes"; Zhongniee wrote "Spring and Autumn"; Qu Yuan was exiled, and Nai Fu "Li Sao"; Zuoqiu was blind, and he wrote "Guoyu"; Sun Tzu Binjiao, revised the "Art of War"; Bu Wei moved to Shu, the biography "Lu Lan"; Han Fei was imprisoned in Qin, "Speaking Difficulties", "Gu Ang"; The three hundred chapters of "Poetry" were mostly written by sages out of anger. Classical Chinese "Replace" Sima Qian
Source from "Historical Records of Xiang Yu" by Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty: "The First Emperor of Qin traveled to Kuaiji and crossed Zhejiang. Liang and Ji both looked at him. The book said: 'He can replace him.'" Replace: means: to take someone else's position and replace it. "The other can replace" is actually the inversion of "the other can replace", with the subject omitted. "Historical Records of Xiang Yu" tells a story about Xiang Yu when he was a boy: Qin Shihuang destroyed the six kingdoms of Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Qi and Chu, and established a unified and powerful Qin Dynasty. In order to promote his mighty virtue and further consolidate his rule, he often traveled around the country. Once, Qin Shihuang visited Kuaiji (in present-day Zhejiang) in the south. When his majestic chariot and horse ceremonial guard passed through Nanjiang (near present-day Wuxian County in Jiangsu), countless crowds of people stood on both sides of the road to watch. Young Xiang Yu and his uncle Xiang Liang were also among them. At this time, Xiang Yu suddenly said: "He can replace him!" "He" means "he", which refers to Qin Shihuang's rule, power and status. "You can seize it and replace him!" After hearing this, Xiang Liang couldn't help but Shocked, he hurriedly reached out to cover Xiang Yu's mouth and scolded him in a low voice: "Don't talk nonsense! Aren't you afraid that your whole family will be beheaded!" However, Xiang Liang also secretly appreciated the courage of his little nephew. It turned out that Xiang Liang had already been thinking about how to overthrow the Qin Dynasty and restore the Chu State, but he did not reveal it. Later, his uncle and nephew participated in the anti-criminal battle in the peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. "Replace" comes from the above story.
Sima Qian (145 BC - 90 BC), courtesy name Zichang, was a native of Xia Yang (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi), or Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi). A great historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty of China. Sima Tan's son was appointed Taishi Ling. He was castrated for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, and was later appointed Zhongshu Ling. He worked hard to complete the historical books he wrote, and was honored as Shi Qian, Tai Shi Gong and the Father of History by later generations.
Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years. He traveled around various places, learned about customs and collected rumors. When he was first appointed as a doctor, he was envoy to the southwest. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108 BC), he was appointed Taishi Ling, inherited his father's business, and wrote history. With his historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between heaven and man, understanding the changes of ancient and modern times, and forming a family's opinion", he created China's first biographical general history "Shi Ji" (originally known as "Tai Shi Gong Shu"). It is recognized as a model of Chinese history books. This book records a history of more than 3,000 years from the Huangdi period in ancient legends to the first year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is the first of the "Twenty-Five Histories" and was praised by Lu Xun. "The swan song of the historian, the rhymeless Li Sao".