original 1[ I don't know who uploaded it ]
ouch! The reason of ups and downs, although it is called destiny, is it not human! The reason why the original Zhuang Zong won the world is better than the one who lost it.
The world said that the general of the King of Jin would eventually come to an end, and he told Zhuang Zong with the arrow of heaven: "Liang, I hate him; The prince, what I stand for; Qidan and I are about brothers, and Mianbei Jin is the return of Liang. These three, I still hate, and I have three arrows, and I have never forgotten my father's ambition! " Zhuang Zong was hidden in the temple. Later, when the soldiers were used, they were sent to sue the temple with a small prison, asking for its arrows, filling it with tricks, and being negative and precursor, and accepting it.
Fang Qi is a group of Yan and his son, who sent a letter to Liang Junchen, entered the ancestral temple, returned to the first king, and announced his success. His spirit is strong! And the enemy has been destroyed, the next day has been decided, one woman cries at night, the chaos should be four, and the thief is not seen, but the foot soldiers are separated, and the monarch and the minister care for each other and don't know where to go. As for swearing to break my hair and crying, how bad it is! Is it hard to get and easy to lose?
the book says: "full of losses, modest benefits." Worry and fatigue can rejuvenate the country, and leisure can die, which is natural. Therefore, Fang Qisheng is also a hero in the world, so he can't compete with it; And its decline, dozens of actors are trapped, and the country dies and dies, laughing for the world. Husband's common sense of misfortune is slight, while wisdom and courage are trapped in drowning. How can you pity others alone?
original 2[ in the third volume of the senior high school Chinese textbook published by People's Education Press. ]
Alas! The reason of ups and downs, although it is called destiny, is it not human! The reason why the original Zhuang Zong won the world is that he can know people better than those who lost it.
The world said that the general of the King of Jin would eventually give Zhuang Zong three arrows, and told him, "Liang, I have my revenge; The prince, what I stand for; Qidan, and I are about brothers, and both of them are back to Jin to return to Liang. I hate these three. With your three arrows, you will never forget your father's ambition! " Zhuang Zong was hidden in the temple. Later, when the soldiers were used, they were sent to sue the temple with a small prison, asking for its arrow, filling it with a cotton bag, being negative and forerunner, and accepting it in triumph.
Fang Qi is a group of Yan and his son, who sent a letter to Liang Junchen, entered the ancestral temple, returned to the first king, and announced his success. His spirit is strong! And the enemy has been destroyed, the world has been decided, one woman cries at night, the chaos should be four, and the thief is not seen, but the foot soldiers are scattered, and the monarch and the minister care for each other and don't know where to go; As for swearing to break my hair and crying, how bad it is! Is it hard to get and easy to lose? Suppress the trace of its success or failure, but all from others? "Book" says: "Full of losses, modest benefits." Worry and fatigue can rejuvenate the country, and leisure can die, which is natural.
Therefore, Fang Qi is prosperous, and you can't compete with him if you are a hero in the world. And its decline, dozens of actors are trapped, and the country dies and dies, laughing for the world. Husband's misfortune often accumulates in a small way, while wisdom and courage are trapped in drowning. How can you pity others alone? Make "Biography of Lingguan".
translation:
alas! The truth of ups and downs, though determined by destiny, is it not caused by personnel? We can understand why Zhuang Zong won the world and why he lost it.
It is said that when the King of Jin died, he gave three arrows to Zhuang Zong and told him, "Liang is my enemy, the Prince of Yan was founded by me, and the Khitan and I became brothers, but later they both betrayed me and took refuge in Liang. These three things are my legacy. Give you three arrows, and don't forget your father's ambition for revenge. " Zhuang Zong was collected by an arrow in the ancestral temple. After Zongzhuang sent troops to fight, he sent his entourage officials to sacrifice their ancestors with pigs and sheep, respectfully took out arrows from the ancestral temple, put them in beautiful silk bags, and made people carry them on their backs to lead the way in front of the army. When they came back after winning the battle, they still put them in the ancestral temple.
When he tied the prince and his son with a rope, put the head of Liang monarch and his subjects in a Xiao Mu box, walked into the ancestral temple, returned the arrow to the throne of the King of Jin, and told him that his ambition of revenge had been completed before his death. How majestic his look was! When the enemy has been destroyed, the world has become stable, and one person makes a fuss at night, the insurrectionist responds all around. He sends troops to the east in a panic, and before he sees the rogue, his soldiers flee in succession. You look at me, and I look at you, and I don't know where to go. When I cut off my hair and swear to heaven, I cried my head off and my clothes were wet with tears. How could it be so bad? Is it because it is difficult to gain the world and easy to lose it? Or is it because of personnel that he succeeded and failed? The Book of History says: "Complacency will bring harm, but modesty will benefit." Worry and fatigue can make the country prosper, and happiness can make itself perish. This is a natural truth.
Therefore, when he prospered, no one in the world could compete with him. When he declined, dozens of musicians trapped him, and finally he died and was laughed at by the whole world. Disasters are often caused by the accumulation of tiny mistakes. Even smart, talented and courageous people are mostly addicted to a certain hobby, and they are confused by it and end up in poverty. Is it just a bad result to spoil the actor? So he wrote "Biography of Lingguan".
Appreciation 1:
In the early Northern Song Dynasty, Xue Juzheng wrote The History of the Five Dynasties (The Old History of the Five Dynasties), and thought that the change of dynasties was caused by destiny, which Ouyang Xiu did not agree with. He wrote a 74-volume History of the Five Dynasties (New History of the Five Dynasties) by himself, taking history as a mirror, in order to arouse the vigilance of the rulers of the Song Dynasty. After the publication of the New History of the Five Dynasties, Xue Shi was no longer valued by the world for a long time. Ouyang Xiufa likes to use "alas" in his comments. The author of Donggao Magazine said: "The God Sect asked Jing Gong (Wang Anshi)' Have you ever seen the history of the Five Dynasties?' The public said,' I haven't read it carefully, but when I see that every article must start with a sigh, everything can be sighed.' Yu weigong really didn't look carefully; If you look at it carefully, you will be right. "This just illustrates the intention of Ouyang Xiu to write this history book.
This preface is not so much about an actor as about Zhuang Zong. Li Cunxu is a man of great courage, who can take the lead in a war. The author wrote that he turned from prosperity to decline, and the lesson was very profound and tragic. The author begins with the reasons for the change of dynasties, and writes forcefully, which is enough to warn people. This is exactly what Lu Ji said in "Wen Fu". It should be said that Ouyang Xiu's view of history is deeper than Xue Juzheng's, and he realized the importance of "personnel". Then, the author reviews the history and summarizes the scene of Zhuang Zong's being ordered at the critical moment. This description is concise. Subsequently, the author describes the process of Zhuang Zong's prosperity and decline by means of contrast. This is the focus of the article. "Fang Qi ... can be described as strong!" It is said that Zhuang Zong's ambition is full, and it is the following Zhang Ben. "The enmity has been extinguished ... how can it be a failure?" It is like falling from a height of ten thousand feet, which is in sharp contrast with the previous one. This contrast gives readers a deep impression. The author's purpose is not to describe the scene, but to summarize the historical lessons. At the beginning, "the reason of ups and downs, although it is called destiny, is it not human!" Although he denies the theory of destiny, he has not yet established his own point of view. After describing the process of Zhuang clan from prosperity to decline, the author began to sum up historical lessons. He quoted words from ancient books first, in order to tell readers that the ancients already knew this truth, and Zhuang Zong didn't remember the words of his predecessors. Then the author expresses his own experience: "Worry and fatigue can rejuvenate the country, and leisure can die." At this point, readers will naturally think of another philosopher's famous saying: "Born in sorrow, died in happiness." It seems that all wise people have the same opinion.
From the history of Zhuang Zong's ups and downs, we can also draw the conclusion that the enemy is often a necessary condition for our own survival. Having an enemy is a bad thing, but it is also a good thing, because it can make you wake up. The reason why Zhuang Zong is "strong" is because the enemy exists, which inspires him to work hard, complete the unfinished business of my late king, and comfort my late king's spirit in heaven. When the enemy was wiped out and the world was settled, Zhuang Zong lost his vigilance and thought he could rest easy. Since then, he has indulged in debauchery and ruined himself and his country in "Yi Yu". People like Zhuang Zong, whose enemies were destroyed, also indicated that he began to decline.
Ouyang Xiu wrote at the end of the article: "Husband's misfortune often accumulates in the slightest, while wisdom and courage are trapped in drowning." Zhuang Zong didn't die overnight, he also had a process from quantitative change to qualitative change, and he finally died in the hands of his favorite actor. This phenomenon enlightens us that it is often people and things around us, or ourselves, that beat us down. These factors accumulate from small to large, from little to many, and finally come to a total outbreak. This enlightens us that we should guard against procrastination, find bad signs and correct them immediately, so as to ensure the long-term stability of the country. This sentence by Ouyang Xiu was actually written for the supreme ruler of the Northern Song Dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty was a poor and weak regime. It was precisely because it could not strive for self-improvement, so it finally ended up as a "death of the country". History is so ruthless and so strikingly similar.
Shen Deqian commented on this article: "The cadence is the essence of Historical Records, the first text in the History of the Five Dynasties." What a statement!
Appreciation 2:
This article is the preface to the biography of the new Five Dynasties Shi Lingguan. The biography of the Lingguan records the historical facts that Li Cunxu, the favorite Lingguan of the Tang Dynasty, such as Jing Jin, Shi Yanqiong and Guo Congqian, messed up the government and made mistakes in the country. This preface does not directly write about these things, but writes about the success or failure of the Tang Dynasty.
This historical theory has clear views and prominent topics. Westbank > come straight to the point and put forward the argument. The use of two exclamations shows the author's emphasis on "the theory of ups and downs" and "which is not human". We use a word "original" to find out the reasons, point out Zhuang Zong's gains and losses, draw out the main arguments of the article, and determine the content of the full-text argument. "Although it is said that ……………" is a turning compound sentence with a rhetorical tone, which is intended to emphasize the latter. Explain the historical basis of the argument. The arguments of the full text mainly narrate the historical facts that Zhuang Zong accepted his father's orders, revenged his shame, and was defeated by victory, and declined by prosperity. The author's views were expressed by incorporating the author's comments in the narrative. The purpose and characteristics of the article on history are to objectively analyze and comment on the historical facts based on the true records, and to sum up the thought-provoking truth and warn people to learn historical lessons. The writing is accurate. First, he wrote the last will of the King of Jin. Zhuang Zongke obeyed his father's orders and sent troops to take revenge. Finally, he triumphed-there was a "feat" of "tying Yan and his son as a group and writing the letter to Liang Junchen". It proved the truth that "success is made by people". After writing Zhuang Zong's revenge, he thought that he was accomplished, did not think of being strong, and prided himself on the official, and finally fled in a panic. "And ... how bad!" The two exclamations at the end of the two sentences have different words, but they are full of strong feelings. "How bad it is", which contains condemnation in regret, expresses the author's clear view on this historical fact. Then he emphasizes the latter with the choice complex sentence of "Are you ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Still using the comparative sentence pattern of "Fang Qi ………" and "Fang Qi ………", this paper puts forward the truth that "disasters often accumulate in small amounts, while wisdom and courage are trapped in drowning", which expands the argument, takes care of the meaning of the question and strengthens the ideological spirit of the article.