Tang Gaozu has three sons, namely, the eldest son Li, the second son and the third son Li Yuanji. Li Shimin is the most talented of the three brothers. When Tang Gaozu was left in Taiyuan, Li Shimin made a profound observation and a firm decision. He not only prepared his own civil and military affairs, but also preserved his corporal status, and gathered a large number of wise men and military commanders under his command. Tang gaozu raised a flag in Taiyuan and made Li Shimin a general. Before entering Chang 'an, Li Yuan made a promise to him: "If things are successful, I will make you a prince." After Chang 'an, the capital of Sui Dynasty, was captured, Li Yuan acceded to the throne as Tang Gaozu, named Li Shimin King of Qin, and worshipped as Shangshu. Because there were many heroes at that time and the world was uncertain, Li Shimin had to lead troops to explore the north and south, thus achieving the great cause of unifying the world; If he is made a prince at this time, according to the rules of the DPRK, he must be cautious and stay in the East Palace to raise funds. This situation makes it impossible for Tang gaozu to fulfill his promise immediately. Li Shimin, on the other hand, attached great importance to the great cause of reunification and did not pursue birthright. On the contrary, he said it many times and suggested that his brother Li Jian become a prince.
It is a fait accompli for the eldest son to inherit the throne. Due to Li Shimin's repeated resignation, Tang Gaozu made his eldest son a prince and his third son, Li Yuanji, a king of Qi.
Established division of labor, Li Shimin followed by the commander in chief of the north and south armies. In a few years, Shi Biao, Sai Jiande, Wang, Liu, Liu Heilan, Xiao Xian and Xue were put down one after another. When Li Shimin was fighting hard outside, his brothers Cheng Jian and Yuan Ji lived in the city. Debauchery, dog and horse, living a luxurious life. It was during this period that Li Yuanji married Yangmei, a great beauty.
Contrary to Li Shimin's stalwart appearance and generous and steady personality, Li Yuanji, King of Qi, is a rugged and insidious person. Before getting married, he used his family status and rhetoric to trick Yangmei into getting started. Shortly after marriage, he began to get tired of his wife's common beauty and began to flirt outside, leaving a wife as beautiful as flowers and pure as jade in an empty room. Yangmei, who is affectionate by nature, feels very wronged. She tried every means to win back her husband's tenderness, and advised Li Yuanji to spend more time with herself and not to flirt outside. At this moment, Li Yuanji completely tore open the veil of warmth in the past, openly revealed his cold and rude nature, and often scolded or ignored his wife. Princess Qi, who is tender as water, is extremely sad. She often laments her fate and cherishes her wasted youth.
Whenever Li Shimin took advantage of the war to return to Beijing to see his father's short interval, his brothers Prince Cheng Jian and Wang Qi Yuanji, based on a kind of psychological compensation, made excuses from time to time and invited him to eat, drink and be merry together, which was a comfort to him. After all, it's brotherhood, so it's rare to meet each other. Li Shimin is too busy to enjoy music and can't bear to brush away his brother's kindness at this time. He is often invited happily. So in this short time, the two brothers loved each other and enjoyed their family happiness.
On a warm and sunny spring day, the three brothers took their families to the hillside in the suburbs of Beijing to enjoy the spring. The spring breeze is refreshing. Under the blue sky and white clouds, everyone is galloping and chasing dramas in Yuan Ye, and everyone feels particularly comfortable. Li Shimin, the king of Qin, is usually brave and hectic, killing the battlefield. It is rare to have this kind of leisure and tranquility today, so he is particularly cheerful. He whipped his horse and drove to the foot of the mountain in the distance. At first, several riders followed him, and then gradually dispersed to the back. Staying in the Woods in the mountains, he looked back and saw that there was only one rider following him in the distance, and he felt very happy. When the horse ran closer, it was his sister-in-law, Princess Yangmei of Qi State. He was very surprised. The person who immediately chased him was overexertion, obviously exhausted, panting, flushed, and his bun and clothes were a little messy. Hurriedly helped her dismount, and Princess Qi fell into her arms with a soft foot. Li Shimin was at a loss. In fact, he has noticed this charming sister-in-law, especially at every banquet. Her little smile is always slightly melancholy, and Li Shimin can't help but have some passionate thoughts. He also knows something about their marital discord. Princess Qi leans in her arms, her big watery eyes dimly staring at her flustered eyes. A few drops of glittering and translucent tears were silently secreted from her eyes and hung on her long eyelashes and peach-blossom cheeks. The Princess Qi has already admired her husband and younger brother, who has unparalleled courage. Plus Li Yuanji snubbed her, and her heart was secretly moved by Li Shimin. One is a thousand kinds of love, and the other is ten thousand kinds of tenderness. Finally, the two embraced each other tightly, and Princess Qi and evil love were born in this green forest in spring. Since then, whenever Li Shimin returned to North Korea, he always tried to get close to Princess Qi. It's just that Li Yuanji indulged in debauchery and never returned all day, which provided many opportunities for Princess Heqi. This kind of extramarital affair is full of novelty and * * *, which intoxicated Princess Heqi.
Because Prince Li is greedy for wine and lust, he often scolds him and reveals that he intends to change the king of Qin into a prince. So Li began to feel uneasy about it. In order to keep his position, he contacted his third brother, Li Yuanji, and plotted to get rid of Li Shimin. Egged on by the advisers, they had no choice but to plan the "Change of Xuanwu Gate" and killed Li and Li Yuanji in one fell swoop. Their father, Tang Gaozu, was saddened by a fratricidal struggle. He quickly faced the reality and made Li Shimin a prince. To prevent retaliation, it's not over. Gaozu was forced to bite the bullet and write a letter to kill all the scholars in Yuanji and cut off the root of revenge in exchange for the stability of North Korea. Princess Qi is twenty-three years old. She witnessed her husband, son and daughter killed by the sword. The bloody horror was deeply imprinted in her memory, and she almost cried.
According to the old system, the princess of Qi, who has become a widow, is about to enter the palace. Because Prince Li Shimin had an indissoluble bond with her, he decided to give her to Li Shimin. When Princess Qi was brought, she seemed to see a demon with ferocious face and sharp teeth. Anyway, she couldn't accept her former lover, so she screamed at the top of her lungs and asked her to die, as if she had become a crazy woman. Li Shimin placed her in the prince's mansion, encouraged her in every way, and ordered his wife, eldest grandson, crown prince and princess to enlighten her patiently. Yang Mei's anger gradually calmed down, and finally she had to accept her fate and became the side princess of Li Shimin, the king of Qin.
Although Princess Qi accepted the fact that she was a side princess, the enthusiasm in her heart was hard to call back. The great hero who once made her believe in God is now with her, but she has become an executioner with her hands covered with the blood of her loved ones, telling her how not to be chilling, and she even feels disillusioned. After entering the East Palace, Princess Qi has always held an extremely cold attitude, just like an ice sculpture beauty in the ice; Li Shimin, the king of Qin, is in extreme heat at this time. Lovers who used to steal dreams are now in sight. He really should be warm and touching. Princess Qi's indifference is * * * his appetite. He threw himself into it and melted the ice beauty with his passion. The more things you can't get, the more precious you feel. Li Shimin tried his best to please her and win her heart, hoping to relive the old dream. Princess Qi is in no mood anyway. The more attentive Li Shimin is to her, the more she feels hypocritical and greedy. He ignored his clothes and makeup all day and faced "those happy people" with a lazy attitude, which caused Li Shimin's heartache and love.
A few months after Li Shimin became a prince, Tang Gaozu ceded the throne to him because of his advanced age, and Li Shimin became Emperor Taizong. In order to win the favor of Yang Mei, the princess of the State of Qi, Li Shimin, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, did not hesitate to break the principle of managing the country through diligence and thrift, and carefully collected all the treasures in the world and gave them to her continuously. Yang Mei didn't even look at it. Emperor Taizong, who was proud and powerful in the world, did not hesitate to hand over his dignity and humbly accompanied Yangmei, but could not get her response at all.
One day, Yangmei suddenly made a request to Emperor Taizong to restore the titles of her ex-husband Li Yuanji and Prince Li. For Tang Taizong, this is undoubtedly equivalent to denying his past behavior and giving himself a slap in the face; But he immediately agreed and put it into action, partly to please Yangmei and partly to remember his brother's love. Since then, Yangmei has changed its former state and gradually recovered its former appearance. She was gentle and charming to Emperor Taizong, and sometimes even drugged herself. She sang and danced with Emperor Taizong all day and all night, or danced lightly, or flirted with others, or recited the colorful songs of the Southern Dynasties, which made Emperor Taizong feel shaken. Emperor Taizong's wife, the eldest grandson, is a very simple and upright woman. She treats Emperor Taizong with courtesy. Husband and wife maintain a quiet and elegant relationship of mutual respect and respect. Now, with this charming Myrica rubra around her, I Li Shimin, a hero warrior, is fascinated by her, often by her.
In the tenth year of Zhenguan, Yangmei gave birth to a son named Li Ming for Emperor Taizong. Emperor Taizong made Yangmei the imperial concubine and built a luxurious palace for their mother and son. Whenever he has time, he is bored there and has a good time with Yangmei and his son. Seeing that the emperor's husband seems to have forgotten his ambition to develop industry, the virtuous and gentle eldest grandson queen went forward to dissuade Taizong from taking a rest. Confused by Yangmei, Emperor Taizong listened to this for a while. In a rage, he even prepared to abolish the eldest grandson queen and prince Li Chenggan and set up Yangmei and Li Ming instead.
Emperor Taizong put forward his plan to Wei Zhi, an ancient scholar, and the loyal Wei Zhi strongly opposed it. He advised: "The eldest grandson queen is virtuous and cannot be abolished; Moreover, the eldest grandson family also contributed to the rise of the Tang Dynasty. How can they be beaten for no reason? As we all know, Yang was once a princess of Qi, but it is wrong to be a noble princess. How can he be a queen? If your majesty goes his own way, he will be criticized by everyone in the world. " All the ministers are firmly opposed to Wei Zhi. After careful consideration, Emperor Taizong didn't want to do it at will, so the matter was forgotten.
At this time, someone advised Emperor Taizong that Yangmei tried her best to please your majesty because she missed her husband, and would wait for an opportunity to kill your majesty in order to avenge her husband and children. Emperor Taizong was not worried about this. He thinks Yangmei is not a wife loyal to the King of Qi. As early as when she was a princess of Qi, she had already transferred her love to herself. Is there any reason to kill your lover and avenge your husband?
The wise Emperor Taizong did not guess wrong. Yangmei first fell madly in love with the hero Li Shimin. As for the "Xuanwumen Change", due to the tragic death of her husband and children, she once felt great regret and shame for her previous affair with the executioner. For this enemy, you are the son of heaven, but you still please her in every way, so you have a complex psychology of love and hate; After getting a little fame for her husband Li Yuanji and Prince Li as compensation, she simply indulged herself, threw herself into the arms of Emperor Taizong and enjoyed love, paralyzing her contradictory heart with revelry and drunkenness. In this way, she has no intention of murdering Emperor Taizong at all. The entanglement between Emperor Taizong and Yangmei caused great dissatisfaction among his eldest grandson. Yang Mei knew that an old queen could not be easily offended, so she vowed to tell her that she didn't want to be a queen at all, and asked that the son born with Emperor Taizong should be adopted under the name of her ex-husband Li Yuanji, so as to cut off the opportunity for Prince Li Ming, which naturally stabilized her grandson's thoughts and therefore adopted a tolerant attitude towards Yang Mei. In this respect, Yang Mei didn't really want to be a queen. She just asked to keep the name of Emperor Taizong.
With the support of his eldest grandson, Emperor Taizong, who killed too many evils, agreed to accept Li Ming as the name of Li Yuanji, the king of Qi, and made another son as the heir of the late Prince Li, which made the two brothers have descendants who were not worthy of the name. This not only soothes people's hearts, but also does not lead to vendetta, which is a solution for both sides.
In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan in Xia Yue, Emperor Taizong suffered from dysentery for a long time and died in Chang 'an. Without Emperor Taizong, Yang Mei, the princess of the State of Qi, lost the focus of her life, and because of her poor reputation in the palace, she was released from the palace to become a nun, thus ending her love and hatred and doomed love.
It's unofficial history's satire on the nobles in Han and Tang Dynasties. This reflects the chaotic private life relationship of the ruling class in the Han and Tang Dynasties. Yang, homosexuality and * * * phenomena emerged in these two dynasties. But surprisingly, aristocratic women can not observe etiquette, but they want ordinary people to observe the festival for men, and some even have to die. ……
In the era of Tang Gaozu, Ying Zhao, south of the city, supervised the writing of Biography of Lienv, decorating the screen for the Li Shimin Hall of the King of Qin. After Li Shimin acceded to the throne, it was clearly stipulated in the "Amnesty Memorial": "A righteous man, a wife is obedient, and the state capital is listed on the door." At the beginning of the founding of the Tang Dynasty, local officials were required to report the deeds of virgins and women every year. This kind of * * * actively advocates and rewards virgin chastity women, which undoubtedly subtly strengthens the chastity consciousness of women in the Tang Dynasty.
After the death of the eldest grandson of the mother instrument world at the age of 36, Emperor Taizong vigorously promoted his thirty volumes of Female Training. Although "Women's Training" has been lost, its content can't be verified. However, from the words of the eldest grandson queen, "on the day when your majesty is not prepared, I swear to death." "Chasing yourself, but home. I am a woman, how dare I smell politics? " Such as this, the content of "women's training" is nothing more than persuading women to keep the four virtues, observe the festival and even be martyred, and promoting the ideological content of "men are outside the house and women are inside" ... After the death of Emperor Taizong, why did even teenage concubines let them become monks to observe the festival for themselves? Wu Zetian used to be a virtuous woman. Fortunately, she hooked up with Li Zhi and became a virtuous woman forever. From a series of measures, we can see that Tang attached importance to female chastity.
Wei Zhengshou wrote Sui Shu without literature, but without biographies of many important celebrities in past dynasties, he did not forget to write biographies of women.
"Biography of Women in Sui Shu" begins by saying: Since ancient times, many people have devoted themselves to appealing to both refined and popular tastes. Although a woman's virtue lies in gentleness, it is a virtue worthy of the name. Tenderness is the foundation of benevolence; Zhen Lie, Yoshinosuke also. If you are soft, you can't be kind, and if you are virtuous, you can't show it. ..... The husband's quiet daughter today, every time she is excited, I hope the jade will be broken and destroyed, which is enough for today. So describing his ambition is to make up the female cloud of the previous generation.
Mitchell finally said, "When a husband calls a woman a virtue, obedience is always the first thing, but the golden mean is not enough." . As for knowing the far-reaching picture clearly, being sincere and having irresistible ambition, the only significance lies in the history of the picture, and there is no so-called world!
Liu Zongyuan said in the biography of Hejian: "The way to smell women. Be chaste, obedient, quiet and professional. If you are proud of your car, clothes and jewelry. Watch the tour while eating and drinking. Non-women are also suitable. " Li Ao's Biography of Yang: "The virtue of a woman is to obey her parents' wishes, to obey their parents' wishes, to be kind to her children, and to be virtuous without losing her virginity." From the articles and speeches of these men in the Tang Dynasty, we can see the importance of emphasizing women's chastity.
Meng Jiao's "Lienvcao": "A virtuous woman is loved by her husband and lives faithfully like them all her life. What kind of stormy waves can bother me, my heart is full of water. " "Going to the Female": "If a woman is a husband, Anke can move the sky again." "Ode to a Quiet Woman": "All beauties are jealous, and the quiet woman is alone. Shame on makeup, marry but not marry. " Zhang Ji's ode to women: "Knowing that your heart is like the sun and the moon, your husband vows to live and die together." Although the author of this poem compares himself to a virtuous woman, it also permeates the author's and Tang men's deep desire for female chastity. Bai Juyi's "Women Suffer": People say that husband and wife are close, just like a family. It's a matter of life and death. Why have you ever had a hard time? When a woman loses her husband, she will be lonely all her life; Just like a bamboo in the forest, it is suddenly blown off by the wind and will not be reborn, but it is still entangled in the knot. Shao Ye's "Jin Gu Yuan Nostalgia": "Bamboo is dead and flowers are fragrant. Beauty dies with righteousness, and its name will last forever. " Tomb of the Virgin Mary: "Born worried about chastity, died loyal to ghosts. So far, the grave is in spring and there are no flowers in the grass. " From a large number of documents and poems in the Tang Dynasty, it can be seen that the Tang Dynasty not only required women to keep chastity from beginning to end, but also had a very strong social atmosphere of oppressing women.
Encouraged and rewarded by * * *, the concept of chastity has penetrated into the hearts of women in the Tang Dynasty. In the first chapter of The Analects of Confucius Woman, written by Song Ruoshen and Song Ruozhao in the Tang Dynasty, it says: "If you are a woman, you must learn to be a woman first. The way to establish a person is to be honest, clean and proud of being honest. Don't look back, and don't lift your lips ... "Chapter 12 of The Analects of Confucius, History of Women is about chastity:" Chastity comes first, and ghosts and gods are envious. There is a woman in the room, so don't go out. There are guests at home, so keep quiet. Don't whisper, don't listen to obscene voices. Going back and forth at dusk, lighting candles and holding lamps. Stealing in and out is not a woman's experience. One line loses, and a hundred lines fail. All's well that ends well for husband and wife, benevolence and righteousness are precious. Unfortunately, the middle way falls first. Three years of heavy service, keep your heart and mind. Take care of your possessions and tidy up your grave. Diligent training, saving honor. " All these show that the Tang Dynasty advocated women's chastity and loyalty. In the Analects of Confucius Women, you can find "men are superior to women", "three obedience and four virtues", "husband's wife's program", "men and women don't give and receive", "laughing without shame" and "starvation is a small matter, dishonor is a big thing" ... The appearance of The Analects of Confucius Women's History is terrible, because it was written by women in the Tang Dynasty, which
Among the four classic works of sexual morality that bound women in China's history, two are The Analects of Confucius and The Classic of Filial Piety for Women in the Tang Dynasty (others are Internal Training and Female Commandments). Not including once said: "The hen crows will ruin the country." There are 30 lost volumes of Nvgui written by the grandson of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty. If "Nvgui" can be circulated, China will have "Five Women's Books".
Both the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty have biographies of women praising their chastity. Notes of the Tang Dynasty, such as A Book of Ruling and Ruling, all praised the chastity of women in the Tang Dynasty. "The husband is in the name of benevolence and virtue, and the woman is virtuous." "Die sober, even though you are still alive!" "It's better to die than to be humiliated by a thief." "No turning back." "I am unfortunately young, I don't live; Today, I would like to die first! " "I'm cold, just know pine and cypress wither. I saw a woman's heart today. " "What happens in life is inseparable." These are the famous sayings of women's chastity in Tang Dynasty.
Women in the Tang Dynasty even wrote poems to express their ambition to keep this festival. Zhou Zhongmei wrote on the wall: "Women are obedient and swear to life and death." Into "The Prince in Prison": "Living in Poyang Canal, my heart is more loyal than solitary bamboo." Where is the weak sense of chastity of women in Tang Dynasty? ...
"New Tang Book, New Tang Book and Female Biography" all recorded a story: when Fang was seriously ill and dying, he said to his wife Lu, "You are still young after I die. You don't need to be widowed for me. Treat your future husband well. " In order to show her chastity, Mrs. Lu burst out an eye after crying and vowed not to marry. Taiping Guang Ji also records that Wei Jingyu's wife died at the age of sixteen in the Tang Dynasty. She cut off her ear and vowed never to remarry. In the Tang Dynasty, Zuo's husband Xian, the second daughter of Wenchang, died young and vowed not to marry again. She actually cut off her whole head of hair. Women in the Tang Dynasty did not hesitate to gouge out their eyes, cut their ears and cut their hair to show that they had not remarried. This shows that women in the Tang Dynasty had a strong sense of chastity. ...
There is a story in "One's Ruler and One's Ruler": Cangzhou archer married Li and died less than a year after marriage. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, Li decided to observe this festival and set up a memorial tablet for her husband's death. "I cried after eating three meals a day, and I ate food, clothing and vegetables for six or seven years." Li has lived alone for a long time at a young age, and it is normal to miss men. Li suddenly dreamed of a dignified and sincere person who wanted Li to be his spouse, but Li didn't agree in the dream. Since then, Li dreamed of him almost every night, but Li never accepted his request. Li thought he was a ghost, so he wrote a spell to drive him away, but he didn't do it. I can't help but say with emotion, "I swear I won't move. I was scratched by it, so my appearance didn't drop." So I cut off my hair with a knife. From then on, my linen clothes were not washed, my temples were unkempt and my face was covered with dirt. Finally, in order to promote chastity, the Tang people even made up a "ghost" admiration speech: "Madam, you can't deprive bamboo and cypress of exercise." When the prefect of Cangzhou knew about it, he built a memorial archway in front of Li's door in recognition of her chastity. "The county magistrate opens the door, and there are still women in the festival." This shows that the Tang Dynasty attached importance to women's chastity.
Bai Juyi, a great poet, wrote "The barren woman in Shu Road": "The barren woman is beside the road, and there is no memory or inscription. Chuan is a native of the village, filial and virtuous. Fifteen married people, sixteen married people. The husband has been married for twenty years, but the woman has been living alone. Her husband has parents, and he is ill and uneasy. Its women hold women's way, such as ritual classics. Ask about daily life in the morning, and be respectful and sincere. When the bait adjusts itself, shame will be sweet. The husband has not returned, and the woman's morality has changed. Later generations are upright and upright, and carved stones are like women. Like a whole towel, if you stand in the boudoir. It's like seeing an aunt and uncle's ceremony and smelling a ring. As a woman, I saw this filial piety. No more than a rock, the husband's name is expected. " Here is a story about a woman's chastity in the Tang Dynasty, which was widely praised by the society at that time, and a stone statue was carved for her to commend her chastity. This is the same as setting up a chastity memorial arch for women. ...
In the Tang Dynasty, women should not only keep their virginity, but also be martyred. Guan Ben is a coquettish woman and was taken as a concubine by Xuzhou Shoushuai. Bai Juyi once saw her singing and dancing, and couldn't help but write down "Drunkenness can't win, wind peony flowers" to praise her. Soon, Zhang Zhi ∈ Niu Guan Pan Pan remembered Zhang Zheng's commandments and lived alone for ten years. When Bai Juyi heard about Guan's chastity, she thought it was not enough to keep her for so long because she wanted to leave a reputation as a martyr of chastity. So I wrote a poem, "Gold does not hesitate to buy Emei, as beautiful as four or five flowers. I am tired of singing and dancing, and I don't go with you once. " After reading this poem, he fasted for ten days and died. In the Tang dynasty, men had to keep their virginity, and ten years of chastity was not enough, so they had to die as martyrs to keep their reputation for chastity. The ethics of the Tang Dynasty did harm people. The upper-class aristocrats in the Tang Dynasty can * * *, but let ordinary women keep their festivals. ...
"The Biography of Old Tang Nv" said: "Women are feminine and have the intention of following others. The previous generation (Tang) female Xia can defend herself with courtesy. " "Biography of Women in the New Tang Dynasty" said: "Tang Xing, the wind and frost have cultivated for a hundred years, and Wen Jia Ling's surname is gentle and graceful. In the face of great disaster, he kept the etiquette, kept his blade motionless, and fought with the philosophers and martyrs for immortality. Cold as frost and snow is also valuable. " This is probably the most appropriate and authoritative summary of women's chastity consciousness in Tang Dynasty.